Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you
1. 表示欢迎
2. 提出对度假安排的建议
3. 提醒应注意的事项
1. 表示欢迎
2. 提出对度假安排的建议
3. 提醒应注意的事项
A、Sequential pattern.
B、Cause-effect pattern.
C、Chronological pattern.
D、Problem-solution pattern.
A、8.0%
B、8.5%
C、9.0%
D、6.4%
on the following question.You should write at least 120 words but no
more than 180 words.
Suppose your university is collecting opinions to improve the whole
campus, what suggestions will you make and why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suppose you have collected, sorted out and taken notes of relevant sources, based on the guidance in Task 1 of Writing Section in Unit 7 of the textbook. You are required to go on to follow its guidance and synthesize the information below into a coherent brief literature review. Use signal phrases to integrate sources, describe relationships, connect ideas, and provide quotations. Insert in-text parenthetical citations where necessary. Sources involved are: One by John Baillie, written in 1996. Baillie is the Vice President of Marketing at Herrold Enterprises One by Jeffrey Mount, written in 1994. He’s the President of Wright’s Gourmet House. One by Sylvia Kelley, written in 1998. She is a Harvard Business School professor. One by Roger Herman, written in 1997. Herman is a sociologist. ❶ People are changing jobs and occupations at an unprecedented rate, causing a constant churning of labor in the marketplace. This is a direct quote from the article by Sylvia Kelley. It appears on page 15. ❷ Although the authors pointed out that turnover can’t be completely eliminated, they did not demonstrate its negative influences explicitly. This is a student writer’s own words. ❸ Organizations can expect to replace the equivalent of their entire part-time staff every three to four years and replace the entire full time staff every six to seven years. This is a paraphrase of ideas found in Roger Herman’s article on page 27. ❹ The literature is consistent in pointing out that turnover is inevitable and can never be entirely eliminated. These are the student writer’s own words. ❺ Turnover is a natural part of organizational functioning. This is a summary of Jeffrey Mount’s article. ❻ Turnover affects small businesses as well as large ones. This is a paraphrase of ideas found both in Jeffrey Mount’s article (on page 6) and Roger Herman’s (on page 12). ❼ Ultimately, turnover visits every company regardless of the cause. This is a summary of an argument found in Roger Herman and Sylvia Kelley. ❽ Societal influences encourage people to job hop, regardless of the person’s own motivations. This is a quote from Baillie, page 13.
People who live on a fixed income are hurt the 【C6】______ . Retired people, for instance, can not 【C7】______ on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to 【C8】______ their needs in time of inflation. Retirement income 【C9】______ any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people must cut their spending to 【C10】______ rising prices. In many cases they must stop 【C11】______ some necessary items, such as food and clothing. Even 【C12】______ working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can be a problem. The 【C13】______ of living goes up, too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more. When incomes do not keep 【C14】______ with rising prices, the standard of living goes down. People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living 【C15】______ because they are not able to buy as many goods and services. Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes 【C16】______ the rate of change can be determined. A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a 【C17】______ year as the base. The base price is set 【C18】______ 100, and the other prices are reported as a 【C19】______ of the base price. A price index makes 【C20】______ possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods, for example, with prices of the same goods in previous years.
【C1】
A.spending
B.demanding
C.consuming
D.saving
on the following question.You should write at least 120 words but no
more than 180 words.
Suppose your university is collecting opinions to improve the whole
campus, what suggestions will you make and why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
In times of economic crisis, Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.
We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses. By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.
Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.
After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities. A 1940 book, The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job "with tireless search for work." He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.
The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain. Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale (士气) . For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.
Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.
Today's economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably (无法弥补地) ruined. So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.
57. In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to______.
A. tear many troubled families apart
B. contribute to enduring family ties
C. bring about a drop in the divorce rate
D. cause a lot of conflicts in the family
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