People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, w

ith academics, writers, and activists once again ___1___ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by ___2___ . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.

A different and not mutually exclusive ___3___ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one ___4___ by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives ___5___ , people will simply become lazy and depressed. ___6___ , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be havinga great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year reort having depression, double the rate for ___7___ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the ___8___ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting ___9___ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many ___10___ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.

But it doesn’t ___11___ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the ___12___ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the ___13___ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could ___14___ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the ___15 ___of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.

These days, because leisure time is relatively ___16___ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional ___17___ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel ___18___ ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself ___19___ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for___ 20___ matters.

1________

A.boasting

B.denying

C.warning

D.ensuring

2A.inequality

B.instability

C.unreliability

D.uncertainty

6A.Instead

B.Indeed

C.Thus

D.Nevertheless

10A.leave behind

B.make up

C.worry about

D.set aside

14A.disturb

B.restore

C.exclude

D.yield

16A.tricky

B.lengthy

C.mysterious

D.scarce

18A.ignored

B.tired

C.confused

D.starved

20A.technological

B.professional

C.educational

D.interpersonal

3A.policy

B.guideline

C.resolution

D.prediction

5A.wisdom

B.meaning

C.glory

D.freedom

15A.model

B.practice

C.virtue

D.hardship

17A.demands

B.standards

C.qualities

D.threats

4A.characterized

B.divided

C.balanced

D.measured

8A.explanation

B.requirement

C.compensation

D.substitute

19A.off

B.against

C.behind

D.into

7A.rich

B.urban

C.working

D.educated

11A.statistically

B.occasionally

C.necessarily

D.economically

9A.under

B.beyond

C.alongside

D.among

13A.absence

B.height

C.face

D.course

12A.chances

B.downsides

C.benefits

D.principles