Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some

Section B

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a sin-gle line through the centre.

Passage OneQuestions 57 t0 61 are based on the following passage.

Children leam almost nothing from television, and the more they watch the less they remember. They regard television purely as entertainment, resent programs that demand on them and are surprised that anybody should take the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly bored with the whole thing.These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author Cardiac Cullingford confirms that the modem child is a dedicated viewer. The study suggests that there is little point in the later hours. More than a third of the children regularly watch their favorite programs afier 9 p.m. All ll-year-olds have watched programs afier midnight.

Apart from the obvious waste of time involved, it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Children don't pay close attention, says Cullingford, and they can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can rarely explain the elements of a particular plot. Recall was in "reverse proportion to the amount they had watched". It is precisely because television, unlike a teacher, demands so little attention and response that children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to put over senous messages are strongly disliked. So are people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most, and remember best, are the advertisements. They see them as short programs in their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they react strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to influence them.

On the other hand. they are not emotionally involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous Iives and eam a lot of money, not because of their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains (忍棍 ). They are perfectly clear about the functions of advefiisements; by the age of 12, only one in ten children believe what even favorite ads say about the product. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.

57. The study of children and television implies that _.

A. delaying TV programs to the later hours seems to be useless

B. watching TV until midnight is especially harmful to children

C. children should shorten their time on TV programs

D. children are supposed to Ieam a Iot from television programs