A、propranolol
B、amiodarone
C、quinidine
D、lidocaine
E、verapamil
A、propranolol
B、amiodarone
C、quinidine
D、lidocaine
E、verapamil
A、the title
B、the legend
C、the text
D、all of the above
A、Obesity is the necessary cause of hypertension.
B、HIV infection is the necessary cause of AIDS.
C、The propability of a disease by a necessary cause is over 95%.
D、The propability of disease by a necessary cause is less than 5%.
A、A factor that causes the disease when it appears.
B、A necessary factor for a disease.
C、A biological factor in the pathgenesis.
D、A factor that increases the probability of a disease.
A、Randomized controlled experiment, single-group time series experiment, multi-group time series experiment, no control before and after comparison experiment
B、Randomized controlled trial, case-control study, case-control study nested in a cohort,ecological study
C、Prospective cohort study, case-control study nested in a cohort, case-control study, cross-sectional study
D、Historic cohort study, prospective cohort study, case-control study, cross-sectional study
A、Accidental association
B、Secondary association
C、Artificial association
D、Direct causal association
A、Method of concomitant variation
B、Method of difference
C、Method of agreement
D、Method of analogy
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