Observe a child: any one will do. You will see that not a day passes in which he does not
Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. (76) According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie", such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intension of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.
Research has also been done into the way people's behavior. changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying "I wish I were somewhere else now." They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose: One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressures make it itch.
Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Manwatching calls "the mouth cover". (77) He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper—lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.
Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.
According to the passage, a "white lie" seems to be a lie ______
A.that other people believe
B.that other people don't believe
C.told in order to avoid offending someone
D.told in order to take advantage of someone
阅读理解。 |
Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely you are there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. You soon become engrossed in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realise you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment-without buying a book, of course. This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many places where it is possible to do this. You can wander round such places to your heart's content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will disturb you with usual greetings,"Can I help you, sir?" Of course you may want to find out where a particular section is. Then, and only then, are his services necessary. However, when he has led you there, the assistant should retire carefully and look as if he is not interested in selling a single book. You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section. |
1. Which may not be included in the writer's experiences while he is in a bookshop? |
A. Getting relaxed without buying a book. B. Quarrelling with the shop assistant. C. Buying other books instead of those he wanted. D. Forgetting some important appointment. |
2. What does the writer mean by saying "time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable"? |
A. You may free yourself from the real life. B. Reading is free of charge there. C. There is nobody disturbing you there. D. You can enter without any certain reason. |
3. What does the underlined word engrossed most probably mean in the first paragraph? |
A. Lost. B. Forbidden. C. Puzzled. D. Impressed. |
4. The writer wrote the passage in order to _____. |
A. suggest a good way of running a bookshop B. encourage people to do some reading in bookshops C. share his experience in bookshops D. give some advice on buying books in a bookshop |
A、accepting
B、to accept
C、accept
D、acceptance
A、with
B、to
C、in
D、on
A、facilitate
B、regret
C、payment
D、compliance
A、to be
B、being
C、to
D、for being
A、see to it that
B、see
C、see to
D、see that
A、terms
B、payment
C、practice
D、experience
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