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Many companies spend a lot of money and time()their trademarks.
A. to register
B. registering
C. register
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听力原文： Credit cards are big business. Americans spend $16 billion a year on cards and there are already 590 millions of them in circulation. Many banks sponsor their own credit card companies and issue cards free to their customers. Other credit card companies charge their members annual dues. The stores that accept credit cards must pay a small fee to the credit card company—a percentage of the purchase price of the merchandise or service. Credit card companies make a profit from the fees they charge the store and also from the fees collected from customers who pay for their charges in monthly installments. However, credit card companies sometimes have problems collecting overdue payments from unreliable customers. Also, the use of stolen, lost or counterfeit credit cards by criminals has become a big headache for the credit card company that is responsible for the goods and services illegally charged to its customer's account.
Yet, in many ways, the big loser in the credit card system is not the credit card company, the store, or the card user, but rather the general customer. The store makes up for the fees it pays to the credit card company by increasing prices for goods and services. Stores may have more sales if they accept cards, but the added cost to the store when credit cards are accepted instead of cash is actually passed on to all customers in higher prices. In this way the cash customer suffers for the convenience the credit card customer enjoys.
(33)
A．The bank.
B．The store that accepts the card.
C．The credit card company.
D．The customer himself.
A.intruders
B.terminals
C.hosts
D.users@@@SXB@@@A.exterior
B.internal
C.centre
D.middle@@@SXB@@@A.attack
B.collapse
C.breakdown
D.virus@@@SXB@@@A.users
B.campuses
C.Companies
D.networks@@@SXB@@@A.safeguards
B.businesses
C.experiences
D.Resources
听力原文： Sport
The word "sport" first meant something that people did in their free time. Later it often meant hunting wild animals and birds. About a hundred years ago the word was first used for organized games, which is its usual meaning today. People spend their spare time playing football, basketball, tennis and many other sports. Such people play because they want to. Some people are paid for the sport they play. These people are called professional sportsmen. They may be sportsmen for only a few years, but many of them can earn a lot of money.
Of course, it is only possible for a few sportsmen to earn much money in sports for individuals, like golf, tennis and motor racing. And famous stars can even get huge amounts of money from advertisements. They allow the companies to use their names or photographs and are paid for this. Sport is no longer just something for people% spare time.
(1)
Brand refers to names, logos and slogans. For example, Nike is known for its slogan “Just do it” and swoosh logo. A trademark shows the origin and ownership of a product or service, which is used to protect names, logos, drawings, symbols and other characters related with a business. Coke？ and Coca-cola？ are registered trademarks of the Coca-Cola Company.
Many companies spend a lot of money and time registering their trademarks. There are at least two good reasons for this. Firstly, if you trademark a brand, you are the only person allowed to use that Brand name slogan etc. If others want to use that brand, they must ask your permission or pay some money. Secondly, registration also allows the owner to bring legal action against anyone who uses the trademark without authorization.
There are basic trademark symbols, e.g.“TM”for goods and“SM”for service.They tell the public that the product's name and design are the exclusive property of the company, but a registered trademark？ provides notice that it has indeed been registered.
()26. According to the writer, it is not necessary for a company to register a trademark.
()27. A trademark may be regarded as a protection for a brand name.
()28. The trademark symbols TM and ？ can be exchanged in a brand.
()29. Legal protection on a brand comes into force only after registration.
()30. A company can freely use other companies' brands.
？Which type of ownership (A, B or C) does each statement (1-7) refer to？
？For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B or C).
？You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
A Partnerships
On the whole, this is not a popular form. of business organization, but it is often used by people in the professions, like doctors, dentists or lawyers, to expand their business.Greater efficiency is possible because people in this sort of association can spend their time doing what they are best at. If one person is sick, then the remaining partner(s) can carry on the work. The main disadvantage is that even with this form. of ownership, the amount of money available to the business may be limited. If people quarrel or disagree over decision-making there can be problems and serious delays.
B Public (PIC) Companies
These are the largest businesses in the private sector. There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it and many of the larger companies have their shares listed on the stock exchange. The advantage of big businesses like this is that they find it easier to raise money as banks consider them a "good risk". There are strict laws governing the setting-up of this kind of business and each year the company has to publish its accounts. The larger such businesses grow, the more difficult it is to control them. Workers in such businesses may feel that management doesn't understand their problems.
C Private (Ltd) companies
Such businesses are not allowed to sell shares to the public. They must consist of at least two members, but there is no upper limit to the numbers who own the company. The larger size makes it possible for such companies to borrow more money from the banks or from issuing additional shares to its members. The advantage is that such a business is able to offer its members limited liability (responsibility) for debts and losses. Many companies of this type exist in England, Europe and the U.S.
There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it.
听力原文： Most countries in the world now welcome tourists because of the money they bring in. Many countries make great efforts to encourage tourism, and many also depend on what the yearn from it to keep their economies going.
People who like adventure will even try to visit countries where travel is difficult and costs are high. Companies regularly arrange trips through the Sahara desert, or to Himalayas for whoever enjoys such trips, but the numbers of visitors are small. Most tourists try to choose whichever places have fairly comfortable, cheap hotels, quite good food, reasonable safety, sunny weather and plenty of amusements or unusual things to see. Their choice of a place for a holiday also depends very much on when they can get away; it is not very pleasant to go to a place when it is having its worst weather.
One of the big problems of a nation wishing to attract a lot of tourists is the cost of building hotels for them. Building big hotels swallows up a lot of money, and many of the countries that 'need the tourists are poor. What they spend on building has to be borrowed produces only chains of ugly hotels wherever there are beauty spots supposed to attract tourists.
Another problem is that more and more big international companies are building hotels all over the world, so that the profits from a hotel often do not stay in the country in which it has been built.
And there is also the question of training staff, teaching them foreign languages, how to cook the kind of food that the foreign tourists expect, and so on. In many countries, special colleges and courses have been set up for this.
Crime can also be a problem. Seeing tourists who seem to be much richer than themselves, the local inhabitants are often tempted to steal from them. Sometimes tourists resist and get killed, and then other tourists refuse to come to the country.
What would happen to some countries if tourism stopped？
A．Their economies would be ruined.
B．It would keep their economies going.
C．There would be no more environmental pollution there.
D．People have no chance to travel there.
Task 2
Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.
Flying Blue is a frequent flier rewards program offered by Air France and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. Flying Blue members enjoy the ability to earn and spend air mile points on flights and services offered by Air France, KLM, and its various airline partners.
Flying Blue also offers other ways to spend your points with select travel and transportation companies for things such as car and hotel rentals (租借). Award miles can be used to purchase discounts, gifts and free flights.
Flying Blue offers several different levels of membership dependent on how often you fly and how many air mile points you have accumulated. The levels are in the order of Ivory (象牙), Silver, Gold, and Platinum (白金). As one increases in membership level, one will receive increased benefits such as first class promotion on flights and extra baggage allowances. Members also are allowed entrance into SkyTeam VIP rooms.
Members must fly on a paid flight at least once every twenty months or their miles will no longer count. The Flying Blue reward program is a great way for frequent fliers and travelers to get a little bit more out of their Airline travels. As the first membership level, Ivory is your gateway to enjoying all that Flying Blue has to offer. With Ivory membership, you can start earning and spending Miles on a large number of flights and services. There are so many reasons to join the Flying Blue program—and it all starts with Ivory.
Flying Blue is a rewards program specially intended for______.
A．first class travelers
B．business executives
C．frequent passengers
D．VIP members
Flying Blue is a frequent flier rewards program offered by Air France and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. Flying Blue members enjoy the ability to earn and spend air mile points on flights and services offered by Air France, KLM, and its various airline partners. Flying Blue also offers other ways to spend your points with select travel and transportation companies for things such as car and hotel rentals (租借). Award miles can be used to purchase discounts, gifts and free flights. Flying Blue offers several different levels of membership dependent on how often you fly and how many air mile points you have accumulated. The levels are in the order of Ivory (象牙), Silver, Gold, and Platinum (白金). As one increases in membership level, one will receive increased benefits such as first class promotion on flights and extra baggage allowances. Members are also allowed entrance into SkyTeam VIP rooms. Members must fly on a paid flight at least once every twenty months or their miles will no longer count. The Flying Blue reward program is a great way for frequent fliers and travelers to get a little bit more out of their Airline travels. As the first membership level, Ivory is your gateway to enjoying all that Flying Blue has to offer. With Ivory membership, you can start earning and spending Miles on a large number of flights and services. There are so many reasons to join the Flying Blue program—and it all starts with Ivory. Q: The title of the passage could be ________.
A、Introduction to Flying Blue
B、Flying with Air France and KLM
C、Accumulation of Air Mile Point
D、Levels of flying Blue Membership
Why isn't dollar worth as much as it used to be？ One dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, housing or rent, clothes, and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it.
No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a shortage of goods, the prices also go up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies withhold gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up.
Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget (预算). A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you're spending too much on entertainment. Or if you're spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.
What has troubled many families in the United States？
A．A not-large-enough income.
B．Nothing is left over to put away.
C．The increasing cost of living.
D．A shortage of certain goods.
—Look at the sentences below and the following introduction about the types of ownership.
—Which type of ownership does each sentence 1—7 refer to？
—For each sentence 1—7, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
—You will need to use some of the letters more than once.
A
Partnerships
On the whole, this is not a popular form. of business organization, but it is often used by people in the professions, like doctors, dentists or lawyers, to expand their business. Greater efficiency is possible because people in this sort of association can spend their time doing what they are best at. If one person is sick, then the remaining partner(s) can carry on the work. The main disadvantage is that even with this form. of ownership, the amount of money available to the business may be limited. If people quarrel or disagree over decision making there can be problems and serious delays.
B
Public (Plc) Companies
These are the largest businesses in the private sector. There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it and many of the larger companies have their shares listed on the stock exchange. The advantage of big businesses like this is that they find it easier to raise money as banks consider them a 'good risk'. There are strict laws governing the setting-up of this kind of business and each year the company has to publish its accounts. The larger such businesses grow, the more difficult it is to control them. Workers in such businesses may feel that management doesn't understand their problems.
C
Private (Ltd) Companies
Such businesses are net allowed to sell shares to the public. They must consist of at least two members, but there is no upper limit to the numbers who own the company. The larger size makes it possible for such companies to borrow more money from the banks or from issuing additional shares to its members. The advantage is that such a business is able to offer its members limited liability (responsibility) for debts and losses. Many companies of this type exist in England, Europe and the U. S.
D
Sole Proprietorships
Sole proprietorships, the most common business form, consist of one person doing business with no legal charter. While they offer the owner great freedom and are easy to form, they also present grave financial risks. General partnerships are merely proprietorships with multiple ewers.
There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it.
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