French women’s names often add -e to the man’s name.

le-Ages, the fact that the control of the army and navy was in the hands of those that spoke French, and the circumstances that much of English fighting was done in France all resulted in the introduction into English of a number of French military terms．The art of war has undergone such changes since the battles of Hastings, Lewes, and Agincourt that many words once common are now only in historical use．Their places have been taken by later borrowings, often like wise from French, many of them being words acquired by the French in the course of their wars in Italy during the sixteenth century．Yet we still use French words of the Middle Ages when we speak of the army and the navy, of peace, enemy, battle, soldier, guard and spy, and we have kept the names of officers such as captain and sergeant．Some of the French terms were introduced into English because they were needed to express a new object or a new idea．In other cases a French and a native English word for the same thing existed side by side．Sometimes one or the other has since been lost from the language; but sometimes both the borrowed and the native word have been still in common use． The main idea of this passage is that ______．

A.most of today’s common English military terms dated from the sixteenth century or later

B.a study of the English vocabulary shows the important part which war has played in the history of England

C.many French words borrowed into English during the Middle Ages have since disappeared from the language

D.many military terms used in English were originally borrowed from French, some as early as the Middle Ages

根据下面材料，回答 97～101 题

Ever since the Puritans named their babies Fly-Fornication, America has been a land of naming freedom and self-expression. While other governments impose restrictions-German parents have to choose a name that clearly indicates the gender of the child and is not a surname, and the French, among others, forbid names that might expose a child to mockery-in the United States, anything goes. ①

In 1950, nearly 30 percent of all babies were given one of the top ten names, a proportion that's now shrunk to less than 10 percent. Popular baby names today include locales like Brooklyn and London； surnames as given names that summon images of Waspy dynasties, such as Morgan and Whitney； and brand names of upscale products.

A century ago, immigrants often changed their names as a first step toward assimilation, with Bridgets morphing into Bettys and Giovannis naming their sons plain John. Now parents are going back to their ethnic roots for inspiration. With assimilation no longer the issue, the classic Italian name Giovanni is close to being in the top 100 names for boys, and Gianna has already made it into the top 100 names for girls.

Giving your child an ethnically distinct name can be a double-edged sword. “I grew up hating my name，”says Orly Telisman，35, named for her grandfather Orrin．But in college, she discovered an unexpected advantage: Orly comes from the Hebrew word for light. “Explaining my name gave me a way to say, I'm Jewish，which culturally and spiritually means a lot to me,” she says. “To appreciate my name, I had to grow into my own skin.”

The search for a name that screams “ I'm unique!” leads some parents to invent names or play with traditional spelling. Besides the classic Irish Aidan in the Social Security list of top 1,000 names, for example，there are also Aiden, Ayden, Aden, Adan，Aaden，Aydan，and Aedan．

Sometimes bucking the latest trends means choosing something that others might see as decidedly out of style．Lee Krasny,34,named her now-two-year-old daughter Dorothy，after the girl's maternal great-grandmother. “We struggled for a long time with whether to name her Dorothy or just use the D and select a modern-sounding name, but it seemed most authentic to go straight up.”

A downside of a “creative” name is that it may come with baggage, not all of it positive. “I always felt I was prejudged by my name,” says Gestin Skaggs, 43, whose parents named her for a word they heard in a German love song. “I've either had to overcome some stereotype of a short, fat German man or live up to an expectation that I'm a really wild and creative thinker. ② People ascribe all kinds of personality traits to me that I don't have. ”

But that's a small price to pay, say the teens with offbeat names we spoke with．“I've met a lot of people because of my name. They hear it and think it's cool,” says Calypso Gibaldi，15, named by her ocean-loving father for Jacques Cousteau's boat. “If my name was Jane, I'd be average like everyone else.”

第 97 题 Which of the following statements about names is NOT mentioned in the passage？

[A] Some governments forbid names that may be laughed at.

[B] American parents are allowed to name their children at will.

[C] A surname can not be used to name a child in Germany.

[D] French parents are much careful about choosing a name for their children.

heart, kidneys and the brain. Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days surely went【47】some of this trauma.

This incident occurred when a vessel carrying a【48】ca______of sugar was shipwrecked in 1793. The five【49】______(survive) sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident. They were in a wasted condition due to starvation, having consumed nothing but【50】______.

French physiologist F. Magendie was inspired by that incident to【51】co______a series ofexperiments with【52】an______. In the experiments, he fed dogs a diet of sugar and water. All the dogs wasted and died.

The shipwrecked sailors and the French physiologist' s experimental dogs proved the same point. As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing. Plain water can keep you【53】a______for quite some time. Sugar and water can kill you. Humans and animals are "unable to subsist【54】______a diet of sugar". The dead dogs in Professor Magendie' s【55】la______alerted the sugar industry to the hazards of free scientific inquiry. From that day to this, the sugar industry has invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science. The best scientific names that money could buy have been hired, in the hope that they could one day come up with something at least pseudoscientific in the way of glad tidings about sugar.

(16)

ontrol of the army and navy was in the hands of those that spoke French， and the circumstances that much of English fighting was done in France all resulted in the introduction into English of a number of French military terms. The art of war has undergone such changes since the battles of Hastings， Lewes， and Agincourt that many words once common are now only in historical use. Their places have been taken by later borrowings， often like wise from French， many of them being words acquired by the French in the course of their wars in Italy during the sixteenth century. Yet we still use French words of the Middle Ages when we speak of the army and the navy， of peace， enemy， battle， soldier， guard and spy， and we have kept the names of officers such as captain and sergeant. Some of the French terms were introduced into English because they were needed to express a new object or a new idea. In other cases a French and a native English word for the same thing existed side by side. Sometimes one or the other has since been lost from the language; but sometimes both the borrowed and the native word have been still in common use.

71. The main idea of this passage is that ______.

A.most of today‘s common English military terms dated from the sixteenth century or later

B.a study of the English vocabulary shows the important part which war has played in the history of England

C.many French words borrowed into English during the Middle Ages have since disappeared from the language

D.many military terms used in English were originally borrowed from French， some as early as the Middle Age

Which of the following is not the French word borrowed into English during the Middle Ages？A.sergeant

B.battle

C.spy

D.fight

All of the following have something to do with the introduction into English of many French military terms except that _______.A.war played an important part in English affairs in the Middle Ages

B.the English army and navy were controlled by those who spoke French in the war between England and France

C.France invaded England in the Middle Ages and many battles were fought in England

D.much of English fighting was done in France in the war between England and France

The art of war has undergone such changes that _______.A.we no longer use any French words of the Middle Ages

B.many words once common are not used any longer and they are replaced by Italian words

C.French military terms have disappeared from the English language

D.many words once common are now only in historical use and their places have been taken by the newly-borrowed words

The writer takes the words “battle” and “fight” as an example to show______.A.French words are needed to express something new

B.a French and a native word for the same thing have been still in common use side by side

C.French word or the other has been lost from the English language

D.“battle” is the borrowed word and “fight” is the native one

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

nships (now the United States Open) were inaugurated in 1881, they were played on the【C2】______ of the Newport Casino. Like Wimbledon, the 【C3】______ became known by its【C4】______ after it was moved to Forest Hills, N.Y., in 1915. That tournament was played on grass until 1975,【C5】______ clay courts were installed to equalize Grand Slam competition.

【C6】______ lawn tennis was devised as a more accessible【C7】______ of the old court game played in French chateaus, the manicured grass courts it【C8】______ were the playgrounds of the elite. Dirt courts brought another【C9】______ of tennis players into competition.

The【C10】______ of cement courts in the【C11】______ parks of southern California finally dispelled the sport's country-club image.【C12】______ , by the 1980s the word lawn had been【C13】______ from the names of all the associations that governed the game.

Tennis can be played by two persons in【C14】______ or by four in doubles. The【C15】______ of the game is to hit the ball【C16】______ a net and keep it in play【C17】______ the opponent loses the point by【C18】______ a good return. The playing area is【C19】______ into two service courts and a backcourt on each side of the【C20】______ . The service area on the player's right is called the deuce court; the one on the left, the ad court.

【C1】

A．cradle

B．basis

C．foundation

D．source

第二节 完型填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选择能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Many of you are studing English and you may be【C1】______why it is so difficult to learn. It's actually not too difficult to learn【C2】______you know some【C3】______about the language and culture that it reflects(反映)。 Perhaps the first thing you need to know about English is that it is made up of several other languages【C4】______French, German, Latin, Greek and Angle Saxon. In addition(此外), there are words【C5】______Spanish and many American Indian words and names, even some Chinese and Japanese【C6】______can be found in the English language. This borrowing of words【C7】______other languages is【C8】______of the key reasons【C9】______some of the difficulties that people meet with【C10】______they are learning English.

【C1】

A．knowing

B．wondering

C．learning

March the 8th is Womens' Day.()

sciences.

A.Lack of ability

B.Culture

C.Effort

D.Course pattern

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue (烤肉) restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.

Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remark able uniformity. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.

Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers' fast-food restaurants and bought the right to open other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to copy the menu, the equipment, even their red and white buildings.

Today McDonald's is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonald's had over $1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.

(27)

A．The development of fast food services.

B．How McDonald's became a billion-dollar business.

C．The business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald.

D．Ray Kroc's business talent.