将英语翻译成中文 1. Being a team player is a necessary part of life.

Programming Languages

Ten years ago the proliferation of programming languages caused many people to foresee the development of a computer-age Babel where, in total ignorance of every other language, each programmer would learn only his own chosen language. That unhappy situation has not occurred for several reasons. First, effective efforts have been made to standardize particular languages such as Fortran and Cobol. It should be pointed out that pragmatic rather than scientific considerations motivated this standardization movement. However, the second reason that Babel has been averted is that computer scientists have begun to apply the scientific method to organize the classification, comparison, and appreciation ofvarious programming languages.

Due to the efforts of McCarthy (1962), Landin (1964), Strachey (1966), Wegner (1968), and others who provided insight into operational models of computation, we can now evaluate programming languages in terms of an unifying view of computation structures. Semantics and the expressive power resulting from modularity can now be studied in terms of the data structures and the accessing paths to them established during the execution of the control statements of the language.

Integrated Software

Convenience and saved time, work, and effort are the promises ofintegrated software. The antithesis of stand-alone packages, integrated software delivers a collection of applications based upon a common user interface and sharable data.

In its most common form, the integrated product includes a word processor,a spreadsheet, and some form of database. Many packages add telecommunications, presentation graphics, and outline modules. Comprehensive products throw in desktop accessories such as calculators, calendars, DOS shells, and other utilities.

Even when stand-alone products are from the same vendor, it can be frustrating trying to move information between applications or simply trying to remember which key to press to call up the menu, That is why integrated packages appeal to many users, particularly novices. Using an integrated product saves you the headache of trying to move data in a Brand X word processor to a Brand Y spreadsheet. And because the integrated package is a single product from a single vendor, training, support, and upgrades also are made simpler. [试题解析]

1. 翻译下列句子，体会商务英语的语言特点。 (1) Our terms of payment are by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit, without recourse, payable at sight against presentation of shipping documents to the negotiating bank at the port of shipment. (2) The policy is being prepared accordingly and will be forwarded to you by the end of the week together with our debit note for the premium. (3) The contract shall be valid for 10 years from the effective date of the contract, on the expiry of the validity term of contract, the contract shall automatically become null and void. (4) An insurance claim should be submitted to the Insurance Company or its agent as promptly as possible so as to provide the latter with ample time to pursue recovery from the relative party in fault. (5) Please be informed that, on account of the fluctuations of foreign exchange, the quotation is subject to change without previous notice.

A、One-way ticket 单程机票

B、Single ticket 单人机票

C、Round-trip ticket 返程机票

D、Return ticket 回程机票

A、正确

B、错误

以前，某物流运输企业一直在走传统的货运路子，即从出发点到目的地，一车到底。但是，随着沿海企业生产下滑、业务萎缩，运输货源减少，该公司湖州到广州货运专线的车辆空驶率上升，工作车日明显下降，企业经营成本上涨。“如何才能让货车不跑空呢？”公司经过调查发现，“甩挂运输”可以在整车到达目的地后，挂车留在当地，牵引车拉着其他挂车继续运输，这也是国家提倡的大吨位、集约型、环保型运输模式。2007年，该公司投入百万元更新设备，购买厢式货车，同时对运输方式进行了革新，采用大型物流公司较热门的甩挂式运输方式。具体做法是：在广州和湖州两地的货物集散点上，满载货物的高性能牵引车甩下挂车，挂上另一辆已经满载货物的挂车，马不停蹄地返回另一集散点。在集散点处，装卸工如同装卸火车车皮般随时装卸“甩挂”，另有10余辆小型厢式货车专司“转驳”，负责支线运输以及送货上门。以往，货物从承接到运达需要3天，如今货运时间大大缩短，仅用19个小时。该公司管理人员对这一项目进行跟踪和测算，结果是：按1辆牵引车配置3辆挂车来计算，采用甩挂运输可比传统运输降低成本40%左右，减少油耗30%以上。一车（）

A．牵引车动力性能低下

B．运输企业之间，运输企业与大型制造企业、商贸企业、专业商品市场之间协作不强

C．甩挂运输车辆装备标准化程度低

D．国家促进甩挂运输发展方面的政策性障碍