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更多“A famous modem philosopher has said, "Science begins in wonder and ends in wonder." Can yo”相关的问题
What do we learn about Avalon？
A.It is known for ice cream．
B.It is famous for golf carts．
C.It has many modem shops．
D.It has a small population．
Which of the following statements is true？
A．It's taken a decade to rebuild Venice's opera house.
B．Many famous people attended the first opera performance there.
C．The theatre was rebuilt in a modem style.
D．The theatre is in the US.
Why do people visit Liang Garden in Foshan city？
A．It is famous for keeping a Chinese traditional style.
B．It is a well-known modem private garden.
C．There is a famous temple built in ancient times in it.
D．There is a well-known Folk Arts Studio in it.
The shop in Cardiff ______.
A．was big and very modem
B．was old but beautiful
C．didn't sell furniture only
D．was famous in London
(57)
听力原文： You can find many art galleries in London. The most famous of all is the National Gallery in Trafalgar Square. It has many of the best paintings in the world. Paintings by Rembrandt are in Room 12. Paintings by Rubens are in Rooms 14 and 15.
Another of the great London galleries is the Tate. The Tate Gallery was built in 1897—sixty years after the National Gallery. It is on the north bank of the Thames near Lambeth Bridge.
In the Tate, you will find paintings by British artists. The best known are Turner and William Blake. The Tate also has collections of modem paintings by foreign artists—for example, Picasso.
(33)
A．In room 12.
B．In room 14.
C．In room 15.
D．In room 20.
Part A
Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.
听力原文： There are several places in the world that are famous for people who live for a very long time．Theses places are usually mountainous areas，far away from modem cities．Doctors，scientists and public health experts often travel to these regions to solve a mysterious long healthy life；the expertshope to bring to the modem world the secrets of longevity．
Hunza is high in the Hymalayan Mountains of Asia．There，many people over one hundred years of age are still in physical health．Men of ninety are new fathers．and women of fifty still have babies．What are the reasons for this good health？ Scientists believe that the people of Hunza have these three benefits：first，physical work，usually in the fields or with animals；second，a health environment with clean air and water：and what's more, a simple diet high in vitamins and nutrition but low in fat，cholesterol，sugar and chemicals．
People in the Caucasus Mountain in Russia are also famous for their longevity．In this area，there are amazing examples of very long-lived people．Birth records are not usually available．but a woman called Tsurba probably lived until age 160; a man called Shirali probably lived until 168．His widow was 120 years old．In general，people not only live a long time，but they also live well．They are almost never sick，and when they die，they have not only their own teeth but also a full head of hair and good eyesight．
Vilcabamba，Ecuador，is another area famous for the longevity of its habit ants．This region—like Hunza and the Caucasus—is also in high mountains．far away from cities．In Vilcabamba．too．there is very little disease．One reason for the good health of the people might be the clean，beautiful environment：the temperature is about 70 Fahrenheit all year long；the wind always comes from the same direction；and the region is rich in flowers，fruits，vegetables and wildlife．
In some ways，the diets of the habitants in the three regions are quite different．Hunzukuts eat mainly raw vegetables，fruit(especially apricots)，and chapattis—a kind of pancake；they eat meat only a few times a year．The Caucasian diet consists mainly of milk，cheese，vegetables，fruit and meat；most people there drink the local red wine daily．In Vilcabamba，people eat a small amount of meat each week，bat the diet consists largely of grain，corns，beans，potatoes and fruit．
Experts find one surprising fact in the mountains of Ecuador．Most people there，even the very old，consume a lot of coffee，drink a large amount of alcohol，and smoke forty to sixty cigarettes daily．
However，the diets are similar in two general ways：first，the fruits and vegetables that the inhabitants of the three areas eat are all natural；that is，they contain no chemicals and second，the people consume fewer calories than people do in the other parts of the world．A typical North American takes in all average of 3,300 calories every day；a typical inhabitant of these mountainous areas between 1,700 and 2,000 calories．
Inhabitants in the three regions have more in common calories, natural food，their mountains and their distance from modem cities．because these people live in countryside and are mostly farmers，their lives are physically hard．Thus，they do not need to go to health clubs because they get a lot of exercise in their daily work．In addition，although，their lives are hard，the people do not seem to have the worries of city people．Their lives are quiet．Consequently，some experts believe that physical exercise and freedom from worry might be the two most important secrets of longevity．
Some modem cities are usually famous for people who live a very long time.
A．Right
B．Wrong
The Babylonian kingdom flourished under the rule of the famous King, Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC). It was not until the reign of Naboplashar (625-605 BC) of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty that the Mesopotamian civilization reached its ultimate glory. His son, Nebuchadnezzar Ⅱ (604-562 BC) is credited for building the legendary Hanging Gardens. It is said that the Gardens were built by Nebuchadnezzar to please his wife or concubine who had been "brought up in Media and had a passion for mountain surroundings".
Detailed descriptions of the Gardens come from ancient Greek sources, including the writings of Strabo and Philo of Byzantium. "The Hanging Garden has plants cultivated above ground level, and the roots of the trees are embedded in an upper terrace rather than in the earth. The whole mass is supported on stone columns... Streams of water emerging from elevated sources flow down sloping channels... These waters irrigate the whole garden saturating the most of plants and keeping the whole area moist... This is a work of art of royal luxury and its most striking feature is that the labor of cultivation is suspended above the heads of the spectators".
While the most descriptive accounts of the Gardens come from Greek historians such as Berossus and Diodorus Siculns, Babylonian records stay silent on the matter. Tablets from the time of Nebuchadnezzar do not have a single reference to the Hanging Gardens, although descriptions of his palace, the city of Babylon, and the walls are found. Even the historians who give detailed descriptions of the Hanging Gardens never saw them. Modern historians argue that it was the imagination of poets and ancient historians that blended all these elements together to produce one of the World Wonders.
It wasn't until the twentieth century that some of the mysteries surrounding the Hanging Gardens were revealed. Archaeologists are still struggling to gather enough evidence before reaching the final conclusions about the location of the Gardens, their irrigation system, and their true appearance. Some recent researchers even suggest that the Hanging Gardens were built by Senaherib, not by Nebuchadnezzar Ⅱ (ca. 100 years earlier). Other findings include the Vaulted Building with thick walls and an irrigation well near the southern palace. A group of archaeologists surveyed the area of the southern palace and reconstructed the Vaulted Building as the Hanging Gardens. However, the Greek historian Strabo had stated that the gardens were situated by the River Euphrates. So others argue that the site is too far from the Euphrates to support the theory since the Vaulted Building is several hundreds of meters away. They reconstructed the site of the palace and located the Gardens in the area stretching from the River to the Palace. On the fiver banks, recently discovered massive walls 25m thick may have been stepped to form. terraces--the ones described in Greek references.
The most spectacular feature of the Hanging Gardens is ______.
A．its shape
B．its plants
C．its decoration
D．its position
Section A – This ONE question is compulsory and MUST be attempted
In the city of Philo, the closure of a large factory released a large amount of land very close to the city centre which was bought by the Philo local government authority. As an area of high unemployment due to closures of heavy industry including shipbuilding and coal mining, Philo had an unemployment rate higher than the national average. As such, the local government authority was always keen to see new investments which would create high quality jobs. Although the former factory land had a potentially high commercial value if sold to housing developers, the local government authority offered the local university the chance to buy it for a favourable rate due to what it could offer the town as a whole. It was hope that the university would buy the land, creating a new development called ‘Science First’ on the old factory site which would in turn create 500 jobs.
As a city, Philo was well known for its science and engineering history, with many innovations, inventions and science developments having been made in the city going back over 200 years. Philo University saw investment in science as strategic to its future and as a key part of its competitive advantage. The Philo local government authority discussed the possibility of developing the former factory site with the university. After a series of meetings between the university and the local government authority, the university bought the land, as co-owners with the local government authority, with the full support of the local authority for building laboratories and related buildings on the site. They agreed the name Science First for the development and jointly formed a company of the same name for the investment.
It was planned to build four large science laboratories on the site for medical, pharmacological and technology research. Science First Company also wanted to develop a cluster of science-based businesses on the site and offered discounted rents as well as negotiating lower local taxes, to attract these business to the site. One of these new businesses, Topscience Company, had received international attention because of a key breakthrough it had made in medical research. Topscience was very concerned about how its building would appear on promotional photographs and it noticed that just beyond the science park, and within a few metres of its new building, were a number of blocks of poor quality social housing, owned by the Philo local government authority and accommodating rental tenants. Topscience asked if the local government authority would require Science First Company to re-landscape the area around the flats and knock them down in favour of green spaces more in keeping, in Topscience’s opinion, with the image of a science park. They suggested they would not be able to locate to the Science First development in Philo unless this was done.
Anxious not to be seen to be doing anything to hinder the park’s development, the Philo local government authority agreed to Topscience’s demands and issued a notice to quit for all of the local residents affected by the potential demolition of the flats. Upon hearing of the plan to demolish the flats, the head of the local residents’ association, Ann Tang, was outraged. She criticised the Philo local government authority for a lack of fairness and transparency in their dealings with the residents. She said that the local authority was so concerned about the science park’s development that it did not care about social housing residents and that this was a betrayal of the authority’s ethical responsibilities. Ann Tang also said that if the flats were demolished, there would be a loss of a ‘close-knit, effective and cohesive’ community of people who did not deserve to lose their homes in this way, all for the sake of a science development in which they, the local residents, had no say and did not vote for.
Ann Tang also acquired some figures which showed that, in order to invest in the Science First Company, the local government authority had to take budgeted funding from other services including the cancellation of a proposed new public library in the area where Ann Tang lives. Local residents, who were excited about the new library development, planned to use the new library as a lending library, as a place to study, as a café where people could meet and enjoy time with friends, and as a place for other services to be provided including ‘mums and toddlers’, ‘unemployment clubs’ and art classes. The cancellation of this library development would also mean that the ten jobs in the library would not now be created.
In seeking to address the challenges from the residents’ association and others, the local government authority asked the finance director of Science First Company, accountant Kathy Wong, to produce a balanced assessment of the contribution of the Science First development to the city and the region. The local government authority, co-owners of Science First Company, insisted that she produce a balanced assessment which could also be published for the benefit of local residents. As a director of the development, however, she felt she ought to produce a report which clearly showed the benefits of the park to the city of Philo. Accordingly, she produced a report which concentrated on the benefits to Philo of the Science First development, in terms of the creation of jobs, marginal revenues and improved reputation for both the university and the city. Kathy Wong’s report concluded that the park was of substantial benefit and should be supported by the local government authority, by the university and by local residents, who, she argued, should understand the strategic benefits of the development to the city.
Ann Tang criticised Kathy Wong for not taking into account the costs to residents and other local services of the Science First development. She said that the true social cost of the development was negative because it threatened to destroy homes and it would entail the cancellation of the proposed library. It would also have a negative effect on local infrastructure, including the diversion of roads, footpaths and bus routes.
The Philo local government authority, as a democratic body, is controlled by elected representatives from a range of different political parties, each of whom represents a portion of the total city population. Despite their political differences, the majority of elected representatives strongly supported the Science First development.
Some of the elected representatives on the Philo local government authority decided that it was right to consider the various stakeholders in the Science First development. Some elected representatives, especially those representing residents around the development, wanted to minimise the damage to local communities. They decided that the three main stakeholders to be considered were the Science First Company, the residents’ association and the potential library users.
The head of the Philo local government authority, Simon Forfeit, sought to address the concerns of the elected representatives in a meeting of the elected members in which he set out the case for why the Philo local government authority had so strongly supported the Science First development. He said he recognised that in allowing and encouraging the Science First development, it was clear there would be local problems to address, but that the strategic interests of the city of Philo required this development. The city’s reputation as a science city would, in his view, be enhanced by the Science First development. He argued that public sector organisations had complicated objective-setting processes which have to prioritise some interests over others. He said that he ‘can’t please everybody all the time and in any planning decision there are winners and losers.’
Mr Forfeit said that a local government authority had many obligations and had to serve the interests of local taxpayers who fund its work, and also the people who use its services. At the same time, it had to act in the long-term strategic interests of the city, which was why it so strongly supported the Science First development. The quality of jobs attracted by the science site, being highly skilled and highly paid, meant that the local government authority had no choice but to support and invest in the development even though some of the effects on local residents might be perceived as negative. In addition to the 500 new jobs, which will be advertised locally, Mr Forfeit said that the site would also provide space for expansion of the businesses which locate to the site. Mr Forfeit said that in addition to Topscience, other companies attracted to the site included companies producing electric vehicles, advanced medical solutions and other companies in growth sectors.
Required:
(a) (i) Analyse the stakeholder claims of Science First Company, the residents’ association and the potential library users, using the Mendelow matrix to plot these three stakeholders in the Science First development. (9 marks)
(ii) Explain how the potential library users and residents’ association might attempt to increase their influence as stakeholders in the Science First development. (4 marks)
(b) Critically evaluate the contribution to the public interest of the new Science First development to the city of Philo. (10 marks)
(c) Explain the role of accountants in society and criticise Science First Company’s finance director, Kathy Wong, in her assessment of the Science First development. (8 marks)
(d) The head of the local authority was criticised by the residents’ association for lacking transparency and fairness in its dealings with the residents.
Required:
Draft a statement on behalf of the head of the Philo local government authority, for their website, which covers the following issues:
(i) Explanations of transparency and fairness and their importance in public sector governance. (6 marks)
(ii) An analysis of the complexities of performance measurement for public sector organisations and an explanation of how the 3Es model can be a used for this purpose. (9 marks)
Professional marks will be awarded in part (d) for flow, tone, persuasiveness and structure of the statement. (4 marks)
Which of the following is INCORRECT？
A．All the satellite TV programs can be received for free.
B．There are many TV stations now.
C．There were fewer stations in the 1940s.
D．When an American named Philo Farnsworth built the first working television receiver, he was only 21 years old.
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