作为中国浙江省省会城市,杭州是中国著名历史文化名城。距今约5300多年的良渚文化遗址(位于杭州余
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In today’s interconnected world, culture's power to transform societies is clear. Its diverse manifestations – from our cherished historic monuments and museums to traditional practices and contemporary art forms – enrich our everyday lives in countless ways. Heritage constitutes a source of identity and cohesion for communities disrupted by bewildering change and economic instability. Creativity contributes to building open, inclusive and pluralistic societies. Both heritage and creativity lay the foundations for vibrant, innovative and prosperous knowledge societies. Culture is who we are and what shapes our identity. No development can be sustainable without including culture. UNESCO ensures that the role of culture is recognized through a majority of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including those focusing on quality education, sustainable cities, the environment, economic growth, sustainable consumption and production patterns, peaceful and inclusive societies, gender equality and food security. UNESCO is convinced that no development can be sustainable without a strong culture component. To ensure that culture takes it rightful place in development strategies and processes, UNESCO has adopted a three-pronged approach: it spearheads worldwide advocacy for culture and development, while engaging with the international community to set clear policies and legal frameworks and working on the ground to support governments and local stakeholders to safeguard heritage, strengthen creative industries and encourage cultural pluralism. Today, creativity is emerging as one of the most promising avenues for changing how we see cities. Whether by revitalizing the local economy, rethinking transport or housing policies, reclaiming urban spaces, or opening up new horizons for young people, creativity is one of the driving forces behind urban policies and initiatives. Cities worldwide are focusing their attention on the cultural and creative industries as an inspiration for their future. This vision is promoted by elected representatives and city policy-makers, who see it as a strategic lever for innovation when it comes to tackling contemporary urban issues, whether on an economic, social or environmental front. More importantly, however, it is a vision shared by professionals and citizens, who are taking action in their own neighborhoods and communities to build more sustainable and more human cities. This vision of creative urban governance is the driving force behind the UNESCO Creative Cities Programme and Network(联合国教科文组织创意城市网络). Since its creation in 2004, the Network has established itself as a strategic platform for promoting and sharing this new approach to sustainable cities. Through its standard-setting and operational actions, UNESCO has paved the way for demonstrating the essential role of creativity in urban sustainability, assisting national and local authorities and advocating this vision at an international level. Culture and creativity play a key role in sustainable urban development. They contribute to diversifying the economy and generating jobs but they also enhance the quality of life of citizens by participating to a city’s social structure and cultural diversity.
夏天少喝饮料,这些理由成立吗? 炎炎夏日,很多人喜欢喝点饮品消除暑意。矿泉水、奶茶、苏打水、果汁……种类繁多的饮料让人眼花缭乱,同时关于这些饮料的一些传言也流传甚广,矿泉水喝多了会缺钙,无糖饮料会致癌,喝果汁能排毒……这些说法是真的吗? 无糖饮料会致癌? 说到无糖饮料,很多人就认为这是人工合成的东西,吃了有害,它们致癌的说法也一直流传。 其实,无糖饮料是用甜味剂制成的。它能产生甜味,但几乎不会产生能量,在食品加工中应用非常广泛。目前,甜味剂在美国、欧盟及中国等100多个国家和地区广泛使用,有的品种使用历史已长达100多年。 从国际范围来看,甜味剂的安全性已得到国际食品安全机构的肯定。只要是按规定使用甜味剂,它都是安全的,不会对人体健康造成损害。 喝苏打水会腐蚀牙齿? 苏打水是这几年非常受欢迎的一种饮品。但很多人担心喝多了会腐蚀牙齿。 苏打水是一种含有小苏打的饮料,这也是大家担心腐蚀牙齿的原因。不过,苏打水并不会在口腔停留很长时间,牙齿更不会长久泡在苏打水里,所以苏打水并不会腐蚀牙齿。 喝果汁能排毒? 果汁被不少人认为是一种“健康饮品”,但这完全是误解。果汁,可能算不上健康。 一方面,和新鲜水果相比,果汁制作过程中去掉了其中的膳食纤维和部分营养素。另一方面,果汁中的糖属于游离糖,需要控制摄入量。所以,即使是纯果汁也不能多喝。 至于“排毒”,它本身就不是一个科学概念。所有的“排毒”饮食其实是既没有必要,也是无用的,甚至还可能有害。有些人把喝果汁后腹泻,当做是“排毒”的表现。这其实是因为果汁中的果糖太高,或者不卫生导致的。 喝酸梅汤能减肥? 酸梅汤是北方流行的饮品,不少人撸串的时候都喜欢来一杯酸梅汤,认为能减肥。 酸梅汤中含有丰富的抗氧化物质,不过,它并不能促进脂肪的分解。而且,酸梅汤虽然好喝,但里面的糖分可不低。一瓶500毫升的饮料中大约有白糖50克左右。多喝不仅不能减肥,还会让你长胖。
Spend or Save? Do you feel as confused as I do with this question, "Should I spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. Here's a familiar example: If we don't pay our credit card bill on time, we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: "Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you'll be in trouble!" Then, as soon as we pay, we get a follow-up email in a charming tone telling us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging us to resume spending. Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in trouble or a valued customer? The gap between these two messages is enormous. The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds with each other. One is the "permissive" perspective, "Buy, spend, get it now. You need this!" The other we could call an "upright" message, which urges us, "Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need." This message comes to us from many sources: from school, from parents, even from political figures referring to "traditional values". Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity to postpone desires are core American values that have made our country great. It's been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one million. Each advertisement is doing its utmost to influence our diverse buying decisions, from the breakfast cereal we eat to which cruise line we will use for our vacation. There is no shortage of ideas and things to buy! Now, of course, we don't remember exactly what the products were, but the essential message is cemented into our consciousness, "It's good to satisfy your desires. You should have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should buy it – now!" A famous advertisement said it perfectly, "I love me. I'm a good friend to myself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure from nice things and feel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. Today I'll buy new ski equipment, look at new compact cars, and buy that camera I've always wanted. I live my dreams today, not tomorrow." What happens as we take in these contradictory but explicit messages? What are the psychological and social consequences of this campaign to control our spending habits? On one hand, we want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves. On the other hand, a little voice inside us echoes those upright messages: "Watch out, take stock of your life, don't let your attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Don't fall into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It will make you stronger."
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