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提问人：网友hudahai521 发布时间：2022-01-07
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The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor en-trances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts bay Colony in 1716 on Little brew-ster Island at the entrance to boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by "light dues" levied （征收） on ships， the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only adozen or sotrue lighthouses in the colonies. Little over acentury later， there were 700 lighthouses.

The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basicNew England design:aCape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing closeby. In New England and elsewhere， though， lighthouses reflected avariety of architectural styles.

Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences （高处）， enormous towerswere not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick， others of wood or metal. Some stood onpilings or stilts; some were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south， from Maryland throughthe FloridA．Keys， the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there——massive structures like the majesticlighthouse in Cape Hatteras， North Carolina，which was lit in1870. 190 feet high， it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.

Not withstanding differences in construction appearance， most lighthouses in Americasharedseveral features : alight， living quarters， and sometimes abell （or， later， afoghorn）. They alsohad something else in common: akeeper and usually the keeper"s family. The keeper"s essentialtask was trimming the lantern wick （灯芯） in order to maintain asteady， bright flame. The earli-est keepers came from every walk of life， they were seamen， farmers， mechanics， rough millhands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.

After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouseboard， and agency of the Treasury Department， the keeper corps gradually became highly profes-sional.

Which is the best title for the passage？ 查看材料

A.The Lighthouse on Little brewster Island.

B.The Life of aLighthouse Keeper.

C.Early Lighthouses in the United States.

D.The Modem Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.

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更多“阅读材料，回答题：”相关的问题
第1题
阅读材料，回答题。Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to beknown internatio

阅读材料，回答题。

Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to beknown internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in Englandand in the United States. He was, in fact; one of the most successful writersof his time in the country, and at the same time winning the admiration offellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the UnitedStates. The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, withhis warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, hisartistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackeray describedIrving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, wasmost finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refinedEuropeans. " In England be was granted an honorary degree from Oxford anunusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation and he received themedal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain.

Irving’s background provides little to explain his literaryachievements. A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling. He studiedlaw, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to hisslrict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and thetheater.

The main point of the first paragraph is that WashingtonIrving was________ 查看材料

A.America’s first man of letters

B.a writer who had great success both in and outside his owncountry

C.a man who was able to move from literature to politics

D.a man whose personal charm enabled him to get by withbasically inferior work

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第2题
阅读材料，回答题。Not long ago, I had my first online chat. I thought it would be ____51____

阅读材料，回答题。

Not long ago, I had my first online chat. I thought it would be ____51_______ because I have heard so many people describe it in that way. But it was, disappointingly, quite an unpleasant ______52_____

On line I met a man ____53_______ said he was a manager in a big company in Dalian. We chatted pleasantly first, then exchanged email a dresses in order to keep in touch in the future._____54______, he sent me an email. When I opened it, I found, to my surprise, a detailed(详细的) self introduction including age,______55_____, weight, habits and future plans. It was an advertisement for a dating(约会) service! I was hurt _____56______ felt rather angry.

When I told a veteran (有经验的) Internet surfer(网民 ) of my experience, he said it was not uncommon. I was ____57_______ The Web provides such a nice, large place to make friends, why do some people ____58____ it？

The relationship between one another should be mutual(互助的) politeness and respect. Online we can’t see one another’s physical form, but we are talking through our _____59______. Such tricks as the one I met are not polite at all.

Since the Web belongs to everyone, every user has a duty to keep a friendly and polite atmosphere(氛围. We need ____60_______ honesty and respect online.

__________ 查看材料

A.exciting

B.disappointing

C.surprising

D.frightening

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第3题
阅读材料，回答题。Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.. People

阅读材料，回答题。

Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.. People use money tobuy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of others they need or want. When they work,they usually get paid in money.

Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.

Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In thePhilippine Islands, rice was used as money. In some parts of Africa, cattle were one of the earliestkinds of money. Other animals were used as money, too.

The f&39;irst metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the cen-tre. People strung them together and carried them from place to place.

Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. The first coins inEngland were made of tin. Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later, othercountries began to make coins of gold and silver.

But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the &39;Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. The first papermoney looked more like a note from one person to another than paper money used today.

Money has had an interesting history from the days of sh~ll money until today.

Which of the following can be cited as an example of the use of money in exchange for services？ 查看材料

A.To sell a bicycle for $ 20

B.To get some money for old books at a garage sale

C.To buy things you need or want

D.To get paid for your work

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第4题
阅读材料，回答题。Do you know insurance （保险)？Buying insurance is a means by which people c

阅读材料，回答题。

Do you know insurance (保险)？Buying insurance is a means by which people can protect themselves____51____large losses. Protection against fire is one kind of insurance. Large numbers of people pay____52____sums of money to an insurance company. Although thousands of people have paid for fire insurance, only____53____will lose their homes by fire. The insurance company will pay for these homes out of the sums of money it has collected.

The first modem fire insurance company was____54____in London, England, in 1666. A great fire had just____55____most of the city, and people wanted to protect against____56____losses. The fire company grew rapidly. Soon, other companies were founded in other areas.

Benjamin Franklin helped form. the first fire insurance company in America in 1752. He also____57____a new kind of insurance for farmers. The new insurance would offer protection against the loss of crops by storm.

In 1759, Benjamin Franklin helped start____58____new insurance. This company, which offered life insurance, collected some money regularly from different men. Although a man died, his family was given a large sum of money. Today, this company is still in business.

Over the years, people have____59____from many new kinds of insurance when they have suffered from such accidents as car, plane crashes. Tomorrow, almost everyone has____60____kind of insurance.

______ 查看材料

A.against

B.to

C.from

D.on

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第5题
阅读材料，回答题。On November 19,1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to

阅读材料，回答题。

On November 19,1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.

It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, &39;alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, "I have failed again". On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed".

Some newspapers at first criticized the speech, but little by little as people redid the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.

Today, every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

In 1863， Abraham Lincoln was__________ 查看材料

A.very critical

B.unpopular

C.very popular

D.very courteous

点击查看答案
第6题
阅读材料，回答题。

Even a child knows that nodding head means "Yes". But some people would probably____51____ when they first came to India. When they talked to an Indian, he would often shake hishead. They might think that the India did not like____52____they said, but on the contrary, he wasexpressing____53____

The Indians have a habit of shaking their heads slightly when they talk to____54____It doesn&39; t mean "No", but "Yes". If a person doesn&39; t____55____, it might cause misunderstandings.

At one time, a foreign diplomat (外交官) to India told his driver who was an Indian to sendhim to his office. The driver____56____his head. The young diplomat repeated his____57____ and thedriver shook his head again. At last, the ____58____shouted angrily, "Drive me to my office atonce!" The driver also in a quite loud____59____, "Yes, sir. "smiling and____60____his head at thesame time.

__________ 查看材料

A.puzzled

B.be puzzled

C.puzzle

D.be puzzling

点击查看答案
第7题
阅读下文，回答题Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People u

阅读下文，回答题

Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of others they need or want. When they work,they usually get paid in money.

Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.

Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money. In some parts of Africa, cattle were one of the earliest kinds of money. Other animals were used as money, too.

The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the cen-ter. People strung them together and carried them from place to place.

Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. The first coins in England were made of tin. Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later, other countries began to make coins of gold and silver.

But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. (80) The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than paper moneused toda .

Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.

Which of the following can be cited as an example of the use of money in exchange for serv- ices？ 查看材料

A.To sell a bicycle for $20

B.To get some money for old books at a garage sale

C.To buy things you need or want

D.To get paid for your work

点击查看答案
第8题
阅读材料，回答题。 Stories One of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Be

阅读材料，回答题。

Stories

One of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in 1968.46Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success.

The first principle in Consumer Concept. To build a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality.47He created clothes to match people&39;s wants : the style. is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent.

The System Link in another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about what customers like and what they dislike before making the clothes.48

The Information Link means making sure the company responds quickly to people&39;s demands.49 This information is then sent to the main office in Italy. Benetton can use this information to identify popular products and to continue making them; it can also identify less popular products and stop making them.

A final important marketing principle is the Retail Link. There are Benetton stores in countries around the world. All the stores have the same clothing, the same window display, and the same approach to sales.50

The things people like about Benetton stores are that the quality is always high and the prices are generally low. And that spells success.

请在第__（46）__处填上正确答案。 查看材料

A.The founder of Benetton began by asking people what they wanted.

B.There used to be a good reason for this.

C.When something is sold at a Benetton store， the store records information about the type，size， and color of the item.

D.Today， there are Benetton shops in major cities all over the world.

E.This means that customers can go into any Benetton store in the world and be sure of what they are buying.

F.In other words， Benetton"s clothes are made to order.

点击查看答案
第9题
阅读下文，回答题On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to

阅读下文，回答题

On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of Presi-dent Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg on-ly out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.

It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked,"I have failed again". On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a fiat failure, and the people are disappointed".

Some newspapers at first criticized the speech, but little by little as people redid the speech they began to understand better. (76) They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep mean-ing. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.

Today, every American school child learns Lincoln' s Gettysburg Address by heart. Now eve-ryone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

In 1863， Abraham Lincoln was__________. 查看材料

A.very critical

B.unpopular

C.very popular

D.very courteous

点击查看答案
第10题
阅读材料，回答题。My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto

阅读材料，回答题。

My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. My first jobwas to drive the oxen that plowed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with abroomstick. For $1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.

It was very tediou work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Be-cause the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work ashard as I could. I&39; ve never been late for any job since. I also learned about being respectful andloyal to the people you work for.. More important, I earned my pay.

I was only six years old, but I was doing a man&39; s job. Our family needed every dollar wecould make because my father never earned more than $18 a week. Our home was a three-roomwood shack with dirty floor and no toilet. Nothing made me prouder than bringing home money tohelp my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters. This gave me self-esteem, one of the mostimportant things a person can have.

When I was seven, I got work at a golf course near our house. My job was to stand down thefairway and spot the balls as they landed so the golfers could find them. Losing a ball meant youwere fired, so I never miss one. Some nights I would lie in bed and dream of making thousands ofdollars playing golf and being able to buy a bicycle.

The more I dreamed, the more I thought. Why not？ I made my first golf club out of guavalimb and a piece of pipe. Then I hammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball. And finallyI dug two small holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth. I practiced with the same devo-tion and intensity I learned working in the field--except now I was driving golf balls with club, notoxen with a broomstick.

What was the writer‘ s first job？ 查看材料

A.To stand down the fairway at a golf course

B.To spot the balls as they landed so the golfers could find them

C.To drive the oxen that plowed the cane fields

D.To watch the sugar-cane plantation

点击查看答案
第11题
阅读材料，回答题。Television has changed the lifestyle. of people in everyindustrialized cou

阅读材料，回答题。

Television has changed the lifestyle. of people in everyindustrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologistshave studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.

Television, although not essential, has become an importantpart of most people’s lives. It alters people&39;s ways of seeing the World; inmany ways, it supports and sustains(维持) modem life. Televisionhas become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitterof culture and a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in oneday is critically .analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not ateacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate(提高)people into greater, understanding, but rather maintains and encouragesthe life as it exists.

The primary reason for the lack of quality in Americantelevision is related to both the history of TV programming development and theeconomics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companiesand their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationshipwhich the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American.TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actuallyproduced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarilyconcerned" with reflecting and attracting society rather thanexperimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewingaudience possible&39;. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining ratherthan educational, attractive rather than challenging.

Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with thesame organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope forfurther development and true achievement-toward improving society will requirea change in the entire system.

According to theauthor， American television is poor in quality because________ 查看材料

A.advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas

B.it is still at an early stage of development， compared withthe radio

C.the programs have to be developed in the interests of thesponsors for economic reasons

D.it is controlled by radio companies

点击查看答案
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