Demography is the statistical study of human populationIt can be a-general science that ca

Demography is the statistical study of human population

It can be a-general science that can be applied to any kind

of dynamic population, that is, one that changed over 【M1】______

the time or space. It encompasses the study of the size, 【M2】______

structure and distribution of populations, and spatial or

temporal changes in them in response to birth, death,

migration and aging.

Human demography is the most well known discipline

of demography, and typically what people refer when 【M3】______

using the term demography. Demographic analysis

can be applied to whole societies or to groups defined by

criterion such as education, nationality, religion and ethnicity. 【M4】______

In academia, demography is often regarded as a branch

of either economy or sociology. Formal demography 【M5】______

limits its object of study to the measurement of populations

processes, when the more broad field of social demography 【M6】______

studies also analyze the relationships between

economic, social, cultural and biological processes influencing on 【M7】______

a population.

Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) is regarded as the "father of demography"

for his economic analysis of social organization which

produced the first scientific and theoretical work on

population, development, and group dynamics. At the end of the

18th century, Thomas Malthus concluded that, if unchecked,

populations would be subject to exponential growth. He feared

that population growth would intend to outstrip growth in food 【M8】______

production, leading to ever increased famine and poverty; he 【M9】______

is seen as the intellectual father of ideas of overpopulation and

the limits for growth. Later more sophisticated and realistic 【M10】______

models were presented by Benjamin Gompertz and Verhulst.

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