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提问人:网友zoufutai 发布时间:2022-01-06
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根据下面材料,回答下列各题。 University of York biologist Peter Mayhew recently found that

global warming might actually increase the number of species on the planet,contrary to a previous report that higher temperatures meant fewer life forms—a report mat was his own. In Mayhew’s initial 2008 study,low biodiversity among marine invertebrates(无脊椎动物)appeared to coincide with warmer temperatures on Earth over the last 520 million years. But Mayhew and his colleagues decided to reexamine their hypothesis,this time using data that were“a fairer sample of the history of life.”砌this new collection of material.they found a complete reversal of the relationship between species richness and temperature from what their previous paper argued:the number of different groups present in the fossil record was higher,rather than lower,durin9“greenhouse phases.” Their previous findings rested on an assumption that fossil records can be taken to represent biodiversity changes throughout history.Thisn’t necessarily the case.because there are certain periods with higher.quality fossil samples.and some that are much more difficult to sample well.Aware of this bias.Mayhew’s team used data that standardized the number of fossils examined throughout history and accounted for other variables like sea level changes that might influence biodiversity in their new study to see if their old results would hold up. Two years later,the results did not.But then why doesnt life increasingly emerge on Earth as our temperatures get warmer?While the switch may prompt some to assert that climate change is not hazardous to living creatures,Mayhew explained that the timescales in his team’s study are huge--over 500million years--and therefore inappropriate for the shorter periods that we might look at as humans concerned about global wanning.Many global warming concerns are focused on the next century.He said——and the lifetime of a species is typically one to 10 million years. “I do worry that these findings vill be used by the climate skeptic community to say‘look.Climate warming is fine。he said.Not to mention the numerous other things we seem to do to create a storm of threats to biodiversity—think of what habitat(栖息地)destruction,overfishing,and pollution can do for a species’viability(生存力).Those things,Mayhew explained,give the organisms a far greater challenge in coping with climate change than they would have had in the absence of humans. “If we were to relax all these pressures on biodiversity and allow the world to recover over millions of years in a warmer climate.then my prediction is it would be an improvement in biodiversity,”he said.So it looks like we need to curb our reckless treatment of the planet first,if we want to eventually see a surge in the number of species on the planet as temperatures get warmer.We dont have 500 million years to wait. What is the finding of Peter Mayhew’s recent study?

A.Higher temperature causes the low biodiversity of marine invertebrates.

B.Fossil record can represent a relatively believable history of life.

C.The number of fossils was higher during greenhouse phases.

D.Global warming might promote the richness of species on Earth.

简答题官方参考答案 (由简答题聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答)
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更多“根据下面材料,回答下列各题。 University of York biologist Peter Mayhew recently found that”相关的问题
第1题
根据以下内容回答题:

Celebrities lead very stressful lives,for no matter how fascinating or powerful they are,they have too little privacy,too much pressure,and no safety.

For one thing,celebrities don’t have the privacy an ordinary person has.The most personal details of their lives are printed on the front pages of the National Enquirer and the Globe so that bored supermarket shoppers can read about“Leonardo DiCaprio’s Awful Secret”or“The Heartbreak behind Winona Ryder's Smile”.Even a celebrity’s family is made public.A teen-age son’s arrest for using drug or a wife’s drinking problem becomes the subject of headlines.Photographers chase celebrities at their homes,in restaurants,and on the street,hoping to get a picture of Halle Berry in curlers or Jim Carrey drinking beer.When celebrities try to do the things that normal people do,like eat out or attend a football game,they run the risk of being interrupted by thoughtless photographers.

Celebrities must also cope with the constant pressure of having to look great and act fight.Their physical appearance is always under observation.Famous women,especially,suffer from public attention,inviting remarks like“She really looks old”or“Boy,has she put on weight.”Embarrassing pictures of celebrities are sold at hi|gh prices,which increases the pres-sure on celebrities to look good at all times.Famous people are also under pressure to act“calm and collected under any circumstances.Because they are constantly observed,they have no freedom to be angry or to do something just a little crazy.

Most important,celebrities must deal with the stress of being in constant danger.The friendly behaviors such as kisses of enthusiastic fans can quickly turn into uncontrolled attacks on a celebrity’s hair,clothes,and car.Most people agree that photographers brar some respon-sibility for the death of one of the leading celebrities of the 1990s--Princess Diana.Whether or not their pursuit caused the accident that took her life.it's clear she was chased by reporters like an escaped prisoner chased by police dogs.And celebrities can even fall victim to deliber-ately deadly attacks.The attempts to kill Ronald Reagan and the murder of John Lennon came about because two unbalanced people could not get these world·famous figures off their minds.

As a result,famous people must live with the fact that they are always fair game--and never out of season.

Leonardo DiCaprio and Winona Ryder are probably names of __________. 查看材料

A.shoppers

B.celebrities

C.reporters

D.photographei"s

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第2题
根据下面材料,回答第 31~35 题: In 2010. a federal judge shook America's biotech indust
根据下面材料,回答第 31~35 题:

In 2010. a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO), a trade group, assured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle.

On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.

But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over. Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents' monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growing number seem to agree. Last year a federal task-force urged reform. for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecule “is no less a product of nature... than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds.”

Despite the appeals court's decision, big questions remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.

AS the industry advances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules - most are already patented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy. Companies are eager to win patents for ‘connecting the dots’, explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO.

Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.

第 31 题 It can be learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like______

A.their executives to be active

B.judges to rule out gene patenting

C.genes to be patentable

D.the BIO to issue a warning

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第3题
The company will spend $6 million on the development of new products and sales_________.

A、principles

B、regulations

C、strategies

D、limitations

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第4题
Affective as well as cognitive goals should be examined in the review of an English lesson.
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第5题
A.Coffee is too expensive for the man.

B.The supermarket is going to move away.

C.The man probably likes drinking coffee.

D.The woman will stock up on coffee.

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第6题
A.The weather is fine in New York now.

B.The woman thinks the man shouldnt take Flight 213.

C.The flight will leave for New York very soon.

D.Flight 213 is delayed because of snowy weather.

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第7题
A.Having doom with glass in them.

B.Having a good quality lock.

C.Hiring a strong gatekeeper.

D.Having a good neighbor,

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