题目内容
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Who constitutes the fortune's favored children？
A．Those who always work and play at the same time.
B．Those who drew a clear line between work and pleasure.
C．Those who can get pleasure out of their work.
D．Those who choose to enjoy their life over working when the two conflict.
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Those who resist this revolution【56】science are not regarded as a threat. They are not branded as counterrevolutionary. There is a good reason for【57】Stated simply, it is that if change marks a step forward on, say, 1 July 1997, then change can【58】represent progress at some future date.
The concept of "one matter, two descriptions" introduced in the 1920s represented a【59】advance. But it constitutes no more than a step along the path toward greater【60】. The door remains open to further discoveries. (185 Words)
(31)
A．that is
B．it is
C．it was
D．which is
A．Test evacuations showed that putting on the smoke hoods ridded considerably to the overall time it took passengers to leave the cabin.
B．Some airlines are unwilling to buy the smoke hoods because they consider them to be prohibitively expensive.
C．Although the smoke hoods protect passengers from the toxic gases, they can do nothing to prevent the gases from igniting.
D．Some experienced flyers fail to pay attention to the safety instructions given on every commercial flight before takeoff.
E．In many airplane accidents, passengers who were able to reach emergency exits were overcome by toxic gases before they could exit the airplane.
SECTION B PASSAGES
Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文： Bertrand Russell wrote a short and sweet essay called "Three Passions I Have Lived For." Here are Russell's three: The longing for love; the search for knowledge; and what he called "the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. "Of these three, the first two require no external reminders. One seeks love because love brings ecstasy and relieves loneliness; one seeks knowledge to understand the human heart. It is the third passion, the unbearable sympathy for the suffering of others that seems to call for frequent updating. So the world accommodates, with glimpses of that unbearable sympathy in Africa, where among the spasms of slaughter and disease, volunteers labour to keep that tortured continent alive; or in Iraq, where, between the pictures of invasions and explosions, a soldier occasionally is spotted lifting a child to safety. Or within our own borders, where those without homes or food are attended by those who refuse to let them go under. That constitutes the "unbearable" part, passion undercut by the powerlessness. Of course, reason and gentleness are politics by other means as well, but they require a different sort of passion. Russell's ideas of passion were straightforward and in the right place, which made his life worth living.
What has the RSPCA called on the Government to do？
A．Strengthen laws against animal cruelty.
B．Keep records of animal neglect.
C．Send inspectors to look after animals.
D．Punish those owners who maltreat dogs.
It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own language. The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination(传播)of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological development in the West.
There are about 260 million people who can speak ______.
A．English in its regional variety
B．English in its standard variety
C．English as a second language
D．English as a working language
It has often been said that music is a global language. But the idea S1.______
music can bring cultures closer together by transporting listeners to a-
common realm seems somehow unusual. That is of course, unless you are S2.______
unfamiliar with the new genre(流派，风格)of music called "world music". S3.______
What is world music？ Giving the great diversity in category and style, S4.______
it is not surprising there is little agreement on exact what constitutes this S5.______
genre. It could be traditional music such like Afro-Caribbean rhythms, Cel- S6.______
tic fiddles, and reggae.
It includes Gregorian chants, Aborigine didgeridoo, or Tajikistani pop,
Salsa, samba, or Johnny Clegg and Savuka. Some musicologists argue that
all music are world music. After all, rock-and-roll traces back to Africa. S7.______
Record store employees, on other hand, will direct you to a specific section. S8.______
And the Billboard charts seem to define world music by artists who have
put a pop spin on traditional music.
Robert Browning, artistic director of the World Music Institute in New
York, describes world-music on a spectrum of music genres. At one end of
the spectrum you have classical or traditional "roots" music. On the other
hand, you have music that is a mix of sounds and instruments, more S9.______
often composed of Western artists. S10.______
【S1】
In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education, a quite different idea of intellectual purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Overjoyed with their rediscovery of the classical learning that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages, they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification—religious, social, economic, or political. Its purpose, to the extent that it has one, is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. " What could man acquire, by virtuous striving, that is more valuable than knowledge？" asked Erasmus, perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself, " said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "
But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on？ In simpler times, it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium(grammar, rhetoric, logic). As recently as the last century, when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorizeand recite various Latin texts, and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt, " said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. , the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history, "that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college, and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "
The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education
A．wholeheartedly.
B．with reservation.
C．against her own will.
D．with contempt.
In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education, a quite different idea of intellectual purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Overjoyed with their rediscovery of the classical learning that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages, they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification—religious, social, economic, or political. Its purpose, to the extent that it has one, is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. " What could man acquire, by virtuous striving, that is more valuable than knowledge？" asked Erasmus, perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself, " said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "
But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on？ In simpler times, it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium(grammar, rhetoric, logic). As recently as the last century, when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorizeand recite various Latin texts, and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt, " said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. , the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history, "that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college, and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "
The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education
A．wholeheartedly.
B．with reservation.
C．against her own will.
D．with contempt.
Text 4
Jill Ker Conway ,president of Smith ,echoes the prevailing view of contemporary technology when she says that " anyone in today's world who doesn't understand data processing is not educated. " But she insists that the mcreasing emphasis on these matters leave certain gaps. Says she: "The very strongly utilitarian emphasis in education ,which is an effect of man-made satellites and the cold war, has really removed from this culture something that was very profound in its 18th and 19th century roots ,which was a sense that literacy and learning were ends in themselves for a demo- cratic republic. "
In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education,a quite different idea of intellectu-al purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Ovejoyed with their rediscovery of the classical leaming that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages,they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification-religious ,social ,economic ,or political. Its purpose,to the extent that it has one ,is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. "What could man acquire ,by virtuous striving ,that is more valuable than knowledge？" asked Erasmus ,perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself," said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "
But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on？ In simpler times ,it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium(grammar, thetoric ,logic). As recently as the last century ,when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts,and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt," said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. ,the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history ,"that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college ,and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "
56. The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education
[A] wholeheartedly.
[B] with reservation.
[C] against her own will.
[D] with contempt.
The word stems from the French jalousie, formed from jaloux (jealous), and further from Low Latin zelosus (full of zeal), and from the Greek word for "ardour, zeal" (with a root connoting "to boil, ferment"; or
"yeast" ). Jealousy is a familiar experience in human relationships. It has been reported in every culture and in many forms where researchers have looked. It has been observed in infants as young as 5-6 months old and in adults over 65 years old.
It has been an enduring topic of interest for scientists, artists, and theologians. Psychologists have proposed several models of the processes underlying jealousy and have identified individual differences that influence the expression of jealousy. Sociologists have demonstrated that cultural beliefs and values play an important role in determining what triggers jealousy and what constitutes socially acceptable expressions of jealousy. Biologists have identified factors that may unconsciously influence the expression of jealousy. Artists have explored the theme of jealousy in photographs, paintings, movies, songs, plays, poems, and books. Theologians have offered religious views of jealousy based on the scriptures of their respective faiths. Despite its familiarity, however, people define jealousy in different ways. Some even mislabel it as being protective of something or someone, when the fact is, it's really simply possessive jealousy itself; and many feel they don't possess effective strategies for coping with this form. of jealousy.
People who experience pathological jealousy, and people for whom jealousy triggers violence, may benefit from professional counseling. People who experience normal jealousy have at least nine strategies for coping with jealousy. The problem-solving strategies include: improving the primary relationship, interfering with the rival relationship, demanding commitment, and serf-assessment. The emotion-focused strategies include: derogation of partner or rival, developing alternatives, denial/avoidance, support/catharsis, and appraisal challenge. These strategies are related to emotion regulation, conflict management, cognitive change, and ground rides for managing jealous competition. The most important thing to do about any feelings of jealousy is to first admit them, and then attempt to overcome them.
Jealousy can be defined as ______.
A．a feeling of resentment towards one who threatens a relationship
B．a relationship threatened by an aggressive rival
C．a feeling or behavior. regardless of one's age, gender or appearance
D．an imagination of a potential rival
Why is it that under certain circumstances, the plant cover is unable to regenerate itself, thus setting the stage for serious erosion(腐蚀)？ To answer this question, let us take an extreme example, the destruction of tropical rain forests. In general, the equatorial(赤道附近的)soil is poor: forests can exist in these regions only because they are part of a balanced cycle. All that the forest produces is returned to the forest. The organic matter that falls from the trees constitutes the humus(腐殖土)that the forest requires. When people cut down all the trees to make room for crops, the soil is laid bare and, deprived of shade, heats up. An increase in soil temperature increases the rate of decomposition(分解)of organic matter. Organic nitrogen(氮)is converted into soluble ammonia(氨)and nitrates(硝酸盐), which the rains quickly leach(沥滤,溶滤)away. It has been calculated that a rise in temperature from 77 to 78.8 may increase the loss of nitrogen by fifteen to twenty pounds per acre per year. With the fertility of soil destroyed, an irreversible change from forest to desert can be initiated.
What do people usually think contributed to the decline of North Africa？
A．Human factors.
B．Economic factors.
C．Climatic factors.
D．Population factors.
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