A Sunshade for the Planet_简答题试题答案

第1题

A Sunshade for the PlanetEven with the best will in the world, reducing our carbon emissio

A Sunshade for the Planet

Even with the best will in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still leave open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level. At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented soon enough.

Fortunately, if the worst comes to the worst, scientists still have a few tricks up their sleeves. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing these options for fear of inviting a sense of complacency that might thwart efforts to tackle the root of the problem. Until now, that is. A growing number of researchers are taking a fresh look at large-scale "geoengineering" projects that might be used to counteract global warming. "I use the analogy of methadone," says Stephen Schneider, a climate researcher at Stanford University in California who was among the first to draw attention to global warming. "If you have a heroin addict, the correct treatment is hospitalization, and a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse, methadone is better than heroin."

Basically the idea is to apply "sunscreen" to the whole planet. One astronomer has come up with a radical plan to cool Earth: launch trillions of feather-light discs into space, where they would form. a vast cloud that would block the sun's rays. It's controversial, but recent studies suggest there are ways to deflect just enough of the sunlight reaching the Earth's surface to counteract the warming produced by the greenhouse effect. Global climate models show that blocking just 1.8 per cent of the incident energy in the sun's rays would cancel out the warming effects produced by a doubling of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. That could be crucial, because even the most severe emissions-control measures being proposed would leave us with a doubling of carbon dioxide by the end of this century, and that would last for at 1east a century more.

According to the first two paragraphs, the author thinks that

A．strong measures have been taken by the government to prevent global warming.

B．to reduce carbon emissions is an impossible mission.

C．despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.

D．actions suggested by scientists will never be realized.

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第2题

A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and

over:

"Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! That's all right!" He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence.

Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow "bridges" which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining.

He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before.

Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed.

Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called "the house," to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young gifts, the Farival twins, were playing a duet from "Zampa" upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining-room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skins crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudetet's lugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the water-oaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontellier's two children were there—sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air.

Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snail's pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post.

"What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!" exclaimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him.

"You are burnt beyond recognition," he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she b

A．Energetic

B．Robust

C．Good-humored

D．Inactive

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第3题

琵琶pí pá

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第4题

A.P(A)-P(B)

B.P(A)-P(B)+1

C.P(AB)-P(B)-1

D.P(A)P(B)-P(B)+1

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第5题

证明：P（A1∪A2∪…∪An)≤P（A1)+P（A2)+…+P（An)．

证明：P(A₁∪A₂∪…∪A_n)≤P(A₁)+P(A₂)+…+P(A_n)．

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第6题

鼙鼓pí ɡǔ

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第7题

A.P(1)＞ P(2)＞ P(3)

B.P(1)＞ P(3)＞ P(2)

C.P(1)＜ P(2)＜ P(3)

D.P(1)＜ P(3)＜ P(2)

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第8题

如果两个事件A、B独立，则

A.P(AB)=P(B)P(A∣B)

B.P(AB)=P(B)P(A)

C.P(AB)=P(B)P(A)+P(A)

D.P(AB)=P(B)P(A)+P(B)

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第9题

A.p＜0

B.p＞0

C.p≠0

D.p=0

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第10题

对任意两个事件A与B，有()。

A.P(AB)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A∪B)

B.P(AB)=P(A)P(B)

C.P(A-B)=P(A)-P(AB)

D.P(A)P(B｜A)=P(B)P(A｜B)

E.P(A∪B)=P(A)+P(B)

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