Let us consider what science and technology have to contribu..

第1题

（非英语专业学生做）（Para. 4, Passage 4)If our self-examination has brought any causes of st

（非英语专业学生做）(Para. 4, Passage 4)If our self-examination has brought any causes of stress to light, let us consider what we can do about them.

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第2题

Cancer is among the top killer diseases in our society today and scientists have foun

d out that stress helps to bring it on. It is worthwhile to consider, therefore, what are the causes of stress in our life, and whether we can do anything about them.

Are we under-employed, or overburdened with too many responsibilities？ Do we have a right balance of work and leisure in our lives？ Are our relationships with family, friends or fellow workers all they should be？

All these things can be a cause of stress, and it is best to face them honestly, and to bring our frustrations into the open. People who have a good row and then forget it are doing their health more good than those who bottle up their feelings.

(85) If our self-examination has brought any causes of stress to light, let us consider what we can do about them. It is possible to change jobs. We can make more leisure and fill it more happily, if we will accept a different living standard. We can improve our personal relationships by a different attitude. It is we who allow other people to make ourselves unhappy. Often the little things that disturb us are not worth an hour's anger. The teaching in the Bible "Let not the sun go down upon your wrath" is good advice from the health point of view as well as the religious.

Which of the following statements is TRUE？

A．Freedom from responsibilities helps relieve stress.

B．Stress is the direct cause of cancer.

C．The causes of stress are worthy of serious study.

D．Cancer is the number one killer in our society today.

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第3题

To collect data in an introductory statistics cour...

To collect data in an introductory statistics course, recently I gave the students a questionnaire. One question asked whether the student was a vegetarian. Of 25 students, 0 answered “yes.”They were not a random sample, but let us use these data to illustrate inference for a proportion. (You may wish to refer to Section1.4.1onmethodsofinference.) Let π denote the population proportion who would say “yes.” Consider H0:π =0.50 and Ha:π =0.50. a. What happens when you try to conduct the “Wald test,” for which To collect data in an introductory statistics cour uses the estimated standard error？ b. Find the 95% “Wald conﬁdence interval” for π. Is it believable？ (When the observation falls at the boundary of the sample space, often Wald methods do not provide sensible answers.) c. Conduct the “score test,” for which To collect data in an introductory statistics cour uses the null standard error. Report the P-value. d. Verify that the 95% score conﬁdence interval (i.e., the set of π0 for which |z|＜ 1.96 in the score test) equals (0.0,0.133). (Hint: What do the z test statistic and P-value equal when you test H0:π =0.133 against Ha:π = 0.133.)

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第4题

Let us consider what science and technology have to contribute to the food problem.The sim

Let us consider what science and technology have to contribute to the food problem.

The simplest way to increase food production, one might suppose, is to bring more land【B1】cultivation and put more people to work on it. Some of the underdeveloped countries have resorted to this【B2】approach, without notable success. It contains several fallacies. For one thing, it usually means【B3】into marginal lands where the soil and climatic conditions give a poor【B4】. Cultivation may quickly deplete this soil,【B5】it for pasture or forest growth. It is often possible, of course, to turn such lands into useful farms by agricultural【B6】; for instance, a sophisticated knowledge of how to use the available water【B7】an irrigation system may reclaim semi-arid grasslands for crop-growing. But the cultivation of marginal lands is in any case unsuccessful【B8】it is carried out by farmers with a centuries-old tradition of experience or by modern experts with a detailed knowledge of the【B94】conditions and the varieties of crops that are suitable for those conditions. Such knowledge is【B10】absent in the underdeveloped countries.

【B11】, we know that highly developed countries have not increased the【B12】of acres under cultivation,【B13】on the contrary have【B14】their marginal lands and steadily reduced the proportion of the population engaged in fanning. Efficient fanning【B15】concentration on the most efficient lands, and it results in greater production with【B16】people. The problem of the underdeveloped countries, then is to increase the【B17】of their farms and farmers. This would allow them to industrialize and to feed their people more adequately. It is not easy to【B18】, however. The farmers are conservative and resistant to change【B19】their methods of cultivation. The underdeveloped countries are greatly in need of studies and experiments to help them to【B20】modern agricultural methods to their own conditions.

【B1】

A．under

B．of

C．by

D．in

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第5题

Let us consider each of these points __________.A.to turnB.by turnC.in turnD.for turn

A.to turn

B.by turn

C.in turn

D.for turn

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第6题

It is often said that, provided we are not of the unfortunate minority of people who have

pathological language defects, our language mechanism automatically equips us to say anything we need to say. This does not mean that I can talk about all the technicalities of company law or of central heating with the glibness of a solicitor or a plumber. What it does mean is that if my job or my hobby entailed knowledge of these activities, my language would rise to the occasion. We thus have the general truth that any normal person has the language tools to handle anything he needs to handle. But there are odd little exceptions. Let us consider, for instance, forms of address to strangers. Quite often we need to draw a persons attention to something that has just dropped out of pocket or handbag, or to the fact that he is just going to walk into a plate glass door. Not merely does English lack anything corresponding to the French attention, but we do not have the equivalent of Msieur or Madame or even Mademoiselle.

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第7题

听力原文： The first step in writing is to get over the guilt of not writing. You don' t "o

we” anybody a letter. Letters are a gift. The burning shame you feel when you see unanswered mail makes it harder to pick up a pen and makes for a cheerless letter when you finally do. Skip sentences like "I feel bad about not writing, but I' ve been so busy, "etc. A few letters are obligatory, and they are "Thanks for the wonderful gift "and "You are welcome your friends to stay with me. "and not many more than that. Write those promptly if you want to keep your friends. Don' t worry about others, except love letters, of course. When your true love writes "Dear light of my life; joy of my beart, "some response is called for.

Keep your writing stuff and in one place where you can sit down for a few minutes. For ex ample, keep envelopes, stamps, an address book, everything in a drawer so you can write fast when the mood strikes you.

Sit down for a few minutes with the blank sheet in front of you, and meditate on the person you will write to. Let your friend come to mind until you can almost see her or him in the room with you. Remember the last time you saw each other and how your friend looked and what you said and what perhaps was unsaid between you. And when your friend becomes real to you, start to write.

Write the salutation - Dear You - and take a deep breath and plunge in. A simple declarative sentence will do, followed by another and another and another. Tell us what you' re doing and tell it like you were talking to us. Don't think about grammar, don't think about style, don't try to write dramatically, just give us your news. Where did you go, who did you see, what did they say, what do you think.

How to get over the first step to write a letter？

A．You consider that you owe somebody a letter.

B．You consider that letters are gifts.

C．You consider that writing letters makes you feel cheerful.

D．You should feel shamed that you haven' t answered a letter.

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第8题

听力原文： The first step in writing letters is to get over the guilt of not writing. You d

on't "owe" any body a letter. Letters are gifts. The burning shame you feel when you see unanswered mail makes it harder to pick up a pen and makes for a cheerless letter when you finally do. Skip sentences like "I feel bad about not writing, but I've been so busy," etc. Few letters are obligatory except when you need to show your appreciation. Write promptly if you want to keep your friends. Don't worry about others, except love letters, of course.

Keep your writing stuff in one place where you can sit down for a few minutes. Such as envelopes, stamps, address book, everything in a drawer so you can write fast when the pen is hot.

Sit down for a few minutes with the blank sheet in front of you, and meditate on the per son you will write to, let your friends come to mind until you can almost see her or him in the room with you. Remember the last time you saw each other and how your friend looked and what you said and what perhaps was unsaid between you, and when your friends becomes real to you, start to write.

Write the salutation--Dear You--and take deep breath and plunge in. A simple declarative sentence will do, followed by another and another and another. Tell us what you're doing and tell it like you were talking to us. Don't think about grammar, don't think about style, don't try to write dramatically, just give us your news--where did you go, who did you see, what did they say, what do you think.

How to get over the first step to write a letter？

A．You consider that you owe somebody a letter.

B．You consider that letters are gifts.

C．You consider that writing letters makes you feel cheerful.

D．You should feel ashamed that you haven't answered a letter.

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第9题

The world has spent on preparation for war more than $112 billion a year, roughly $450 per

head for every man, woman, and child in the world. Let us consider for a moment what could be done with this sum of money if it were spent on peace and not on war. Some of it, at any rate, in the more prosperous countries, could be spent on the reduction of taxation. The rest should be spent in ways that will, at the same time, be of benefit to mankind and a solution to the economic problem of change from war industry to the expansion of peace industries. As to this expansion, let us begin with the most elementary of all needs, namely, food. Today, the majority of mankind suffers from undernourishment, and in view of the population explosion, this situation is likely to grow worse in the coming decades. A very small part of what is now being spent upon weapons would improve our predicament. Not only could the American surplus of grain, which was for many years uselessly destroyed, be spent in relief of famine, but, by irrigation, large region now desert could be made fertile, and by improvement in transport, distribution from regions of excess to regions of scarcity could be helped.

Housing, even in the richest countries, is often disastrously inadequate. This could be relieved by a tiny fraction of what is being spent on missiles. Education everywhere, but especially in the newly liberated countries of Africa and Asia, demands an expenditure many times as great as that which it receives now. But it is not only greater expenditure that is needed in education. If the terror of war were removed, science could be devoted to improving human welfare, instead of to the invention of increasingly expensive methods of mutual killing, and schools would no longer think it a part of their duty to promote hatred of possible enemies by means of ignorance hardened by lies.

According to the passage, the problem of famine can be relieved by the following means EXCEPT ______.

A．increasing taxes in rich countries

B．distributing food from regions of excess to regions of scarcity

C．controlling population explosion

D．developing irrigating techniques

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第10题

听力原文：M: What would you wish for if I let you make a wish？W: I'd wish I had a robot.M:

听力原文：M: What would you wish for if I let you make a wish？

W: I'd wish I had a robot.

M: Why a robot？

W: a robot is clever, efficient, and obedient. It'll work with precision. And it will work round the clock without complaint.

M: Yes, it will free us from tedious and boring housework. But what would you do if you had a robot to work for you？

W: What would I do？ I'd make it work wonders. Things you may not even imagine possible.

M: But aren't you creating a world of machines, a world of cold, emotionless, mechanical creatures？

W: I don't think so. Robots can provide us with all kinds of entertainment imaginable, including both artistic and popular forms of entertainment. You may call them "cyber culture".

M: I don't like your "cyber culture". It's too general and abstract.

W: Well, for one thing, no human culture could match cyber culture in variety and creativity, you know.

M: It depends on what you mean by variety and creativity. I consider humans the most varied, sophisticated, creative and powerful creature on earth. Any mechanical culture is simply lifeless, and it's harmful to the human world.

W: Don't get so emotional. You know robots would willingly do the kind of work that is physically unbearable to humans. They would protect us from risking harmful hazards.

M: I see your point.

W: A robot can help with housework, too.

M: Yeah, and do physical exercise for you.

W: You're kidding. I'll do bodybuilding myself in the gym. Do you know what else I'd definitely do myself, even if I had a thousand robots？

M: What？

W: I'd do my study. If not, I'd be done. 1 fear robots might develop to such a degree that they would threaten our existence. I must study and learn enough theories and techniques to operate and control my robot, before it would begin to control me.

M: That's very sensible. Science is a sword with double blades. It benefits, and harms too, if things get out of control.

W: Right, we'll try to take advantage of its benefits and guard against any possible harm.

(23)

A．They work with precision.

B．They do physical exercises for us.

C．They work round the clock.

D．They free us from tedious and boring work

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