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提问人：网友cathy_yly 发布时间：2022-01-06
[主观题]

Divorce doesn't necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage

until it turns around just might do, a new study says.

The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled(选出) from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the "Smart Marriage" conference, sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education.

The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-being. Within the five years, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married.

Divorce didn't reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income. Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around？ To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were "marriage survivors". All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says:

Marital endurance. "With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective." Partners did not work on their marriages.

Marital work. Spouses actively worked "to solve problems, change behavior. or improve communication".

Personal change. Partners found "alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage." In effect, the unhappy partner changed.

According to David Blankenhorn, people commonly believe that ______.

A．divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying together

B．divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriage

C．keeping an unhappy marriage needs much courage and endurance

D．to end an unhappy marriage or net is a tough decision for the spouses

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更多“Divorce doesn't necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage”相关的问题
第1题
Marriage difficulties jump and divorce rates increase if the wife ____.

A、earns more

B、doesn’t work at all

C、earns less

D、doesn’t take care of the household and their children

点击查看答案
第2题
听力原文： In many homes, divorce is caused by the battle between the sexes. To understand
the problem, one must remember the modern American woman is freed. During childhood and adolescence, the American girl is given freedom and education which is equal to a boy's. After completing school, she is able to get a job and support herself. She doesn't have to marry for financial security. She considers herself an independent, self-sufficient person. She wants a husband whom she can respect, but she doesn't want to be dominated by him. She wants a democratic household in which she has a voice in making decisions. When a husband and wife are able to share decision-making, their marriage is probably closer, stronger, and more satisfying. Otherwise, the couple is likely to end up in the divorce court.

When a couple gets divorced, the court usually requires the man to pay his former wife a monthly sum of money. If the couple has children, they usually remain with the mother, and the father is expected to pay for their support.

Although divorce is quite common in the United States, 80% of those who get divorced remarry. The remarriages allow thousands of people, especially children, to enjoy family life again, but at the same time many troubles have arisen. A well- known American joke tells of a wife calling to her second husband, "Quick, John! Come here and help me! Your children and my children are beating up our children!"

The cause of most of the divorce cases in the U.S. is ______.

A．financial trouble in the family

B．women's need for freedom and independence

C．different attitudes to children's education

D．lack of democracy in the household

点击查看答案
第3题
听力原文：Do you want me to reset the clock？ （A) No, it is already 7. （B)That won't be nece

听力原文：Do you want me to reset the clock？

(A) No, it is already 7.

(B)That won't be necessary.

(C) Great, then are we all set？

(9)

A．

B．

C．

点击查看答案
第4题
I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that
had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening, one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening, I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family. " The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true, " he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence.

This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.

The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed—but only a few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year—a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.

In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking and social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication; "He doesn't listen to me. " "He doesn't talk to me. " I found, as Hacker observed years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, first and foremost, conversational partners, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.

In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.

What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands？

A．Talking to them.

B．Trusting them.

C．Supporting their careers.

D．Sharing housework.

点击查看答案
第5题
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questi
ons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

In times of economic crisis, Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.

We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses. By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.

Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.

After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities. A 1940 book, The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job "with tireless search for work." He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.

The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain. Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale (士气) . For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.

Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.

Today's economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably (无法弥补地) ruined. So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.

57. In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to______.

A. tear many troubled families apart

B. contribute to enduring family ties

C. bring about a drop in the divorce rate

D. cause a lot of conflicts in the family

点击查看答案
第6题
In the beginning, E. Mavis Hetherington was looking for as much pathology as the next pers
on.

It was the early 1970s, with the American family in free fall, and she fully expected that her just-launched study. of the impact of divorce would find dysfunction and plenty of it: parents unable to cope, maladjusted children with long-term difficulties. By almost any measure-emotional, social or ecademic-"we expected them to blow it."

Yet here's the surprising thing about her families, with all their couplings and uncouplings and even recouplings during the years that followed: the vast majority of parents rebounded from the pain and upheaval. Resiliency overshadowed pathology. And by the time the children were young adults, considering marriage and families of their own, Hetherington discovered at least 75% coping fairly well--some very well--with life.

Divorce, it seems, is not predestined.

Now at the close of her pioneering career, Hetherington, 75, wants to get the word out. More than that, with the publication of For Better or for Worse: Divorce Reconsidered, she wants to change the public debate about divorce.

Her book offers reassurance to the millions of Americans who don't make it till death does part them. More than 40% of marriage end in divorce, down from the high record of the 1980s hut hardly a statistic for celebration. The most decisive aspect has long centered on the harm inflicted on children-irreparable damage, some researchers contend.

Hetherington, a University of Virginia professor, believes she offers "a more hopeful look, a more realistic look" at the consequences. She says the hook, authored with New York writer John Kelly, is neither anti-marriage (though angry e-mails already are accusing her of such) nor pro-divorce. Rather, it explains the challenges people face and the diverse choices they make. It doesn't ignore the downside. While most children adapt and adjust to their parents' split, she says, 20% to 25% are left deeply scarred.

"I harbour no doubts about the ability of divorce to devastate," she writes. "It can and does ruin lives. But that, I also think much current writing on divorce--both popular and academic--has exaggerated its negative effects and ignored its sometimes considerable positive effects."

After three decades exploring the most important nexus of human relations, through the stability or dissolution of nearly 1,400 marriages, she wishes others weren't so skeptical, "Why are people so afraid to say that in the long run, people end up living reasonable constructive lives？"

Hetherington officially retired three years ago. The emeritus title relieved the 80-hour weeks she'd maintained at the university since her sons were little. She continues to write scholarly article, rising at 4 a.m. to begin work in her study--in Longhand, on yellow legal pads--and still lectures internationally.

Hetherington knows that recasting the way America thinks about divorce won't be easy or politically popular. The pendulum swung far right during the 1990's, with lawmakers debating, and. sometimes passing, measures to encourage couples to-stay married and prevent them from divorcing too quickly. "It's very hard to legislate family relations," Hetherington says, as dubious now as then. "If we could legislate family relations, we wouldn't have people getting married with these unrealistic expectations about marriage."

Far better to understand the dynamics that sustain and threaten families. Far better, she writes, to accept that "divorce is a reasonable solution to an unhappy, acrimonious, destructive marital relationship." Instead of a narrow focus on the hazards, why not acknowledge that it can be an opportunity to build a better life？

"It isn't a matter of whether the glass is half empty or half full. In the long run," she concludes, "the glass is three-quarters full of reasonably

A．most of the divorced parents are hardly able to cope with its impact

B．most of the children of divorced parents find it hard to adjust themselves

C．most of the children of divorced parents do not care about their parents' marital relations

D．most of the divorced parents can adjust themselves to the new lives

点击查看答案
第7题
Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by cho

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

This story began about 10 years ago. I was coming out of a very bad marriage. For seven long years my husband spent his every waking moment telling me just what was wrong with me. When I finally asked for a divorce, he answered by telling me that I would never find anyone to love me because I was just so unattractive. This went on for about two years. One night one of my friends convinced me to go out with her. We went to a nightclub and that was when I met him.

Clint was playing a game with a girl, I sat in the corner watching him. I didn't feel that I had whatever it took to get up and mix with others because of my self-esteem problem. Finally I got up the courage to order him a drink. When he got it, he gave me the most dazzling smile. We spent the rest of the evening talking until I realized that it was almost morning. I figured that he was simply being nice to me because I had bought him a drink, but the very next day he called and told me that he couldn't stop thinking about me and that he wanted to meet my kids, too.

About 3 months later, my divorce was final and Clint sat my boys down and asked them if it was all right with them if he asked me to marry him because he couldn't imagine life without the three of us any more. I was so touched that he went to my boys and asked for their approval because they were the "men of the house" at the ripe old ages of 2 and 4. They said yes and we have all been together ever since. Clint gave my boys and me a second chance at a wonderful life. Not a day goes by that he doesn't tell us that we are the best thing that ever happened to him and that he loves us.

The writer's first marriage was unsuccessful because ______.

A．her husband often woke her up at midnight

B．her husband kept criticizing her

C．she was unattractive

D．she had a self-esteem problem

点击查看答案
第8题
Section A

How to find true love？

As a writer of romance novels, I create exotic fantasies. My heroines are beautiful, my heroes gilded with a touch of the legendary, my plots larger than life.

Fans sometimes think of me as an 'expert' on love, but my children never ask my advice. When I try to give it anyway, they roll their eyes. (86) To them, I'm just Morn—too impossibly old-fashioned and ordinary to understand the winds of their times.

Since they have reached their teens, however, their often painful searches for that special someone have left me sleepless many a night. There are so many things I wish for them that I am utterly powerless to provide. Sometimes I imagine a little scene, Robby and Johanna ask me, 'Morn, how do I find true love？' here is what I say:

1. Understand that love is a state of mind and heart.

It is not dependent on beauty, physical strength or the romantic settings I use in my books. Though it may begin with infatuation, it moves from physical attraction in a golden curve, often involving sacrifice, to the deepest bond between two people. 2. Settle for nothing less than total commitment.

(87) A marriage certificate won't solve all your problems, but until you have the guarantee of one, you can't begin the struggle to forge yourselves into one unit against the world—the ultimate goal. A mate is the post you lean on, the person who, when you've really screwed up, loves you anyway. The only way to get that kind of mate is to make the dreadful leap of trust and be that kind of mate.

3. Talk about everything—except divorce.

I was not a talker when I met your dad. In my childhood, I'd learned that it was best to remain silent around my alcoholic father, who could twist any statement into a weapon. But Robert stubbornly refused to accept my silence. It was my first intimation of tile strength of his love. Your father and I learned this the hard way. During a trying period years ago, I found myself calmly saying, 'Maybe we should get a divorce.' He answered, 'Maybe we should.' The day we frankly confronted the divorce option, we were not terribly angry with each other, but we had gradually let divorce become a real choice in our thinking. We made a pact, then and there, never again to mention the word 'divorce' in association with us. We haven't dared break the pact in 17 years.

4. Want the best for each other.

Being married doesn't mean that you are glued together. One of the wonderful things about love is that it binds without crippling. Remember not all your activities, friends or enthusiasm will be the same as your mate' s. When your father went back to college for his teaching degree, it meant starting over, but I wanted him to fulfill his potential. When I decided to abandon paramedical training and become a writer, he encouraged me. (88) Loving someone doesn't mean your goals are always identical. But if you want something then your mate wants it for you too.

5. Only one person can be crazy at a time.

Life is seldom a smooth highway of cooperation. You get angry. Your mate becomes obsessed. Either one of you can become totally obnoxious. But you can't both go wild at the same time. One of you has to stay in adult mode. The real thing has to do with love. And it isn't always glamorous-or easy. Love helps you get to the bathroom when you're sick. Love agrees to disagree on serious subjects. When you walk out the door in a rage, love trails after you, shouting, 'You can't get away from me! I love you, and I'll follow you wherever you go !'

(89) And so in my sleepless hours, Robby and Johanna, I wish for you that moment when you look up and find someone watching you as if you were a candle—as if you were the only light in a world of darkness.

(57)

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第9题
This story began about 10 years age. I was coming out of a very bad marriage. For seven lo
ng years my husband spent his every waking moment telling me just what was wrong with me. When I finally asked for a divorce, he answered by telling me that I would never find anyone to love me because I was just so unattractive. This went on for about two years. One night one of my friends convinced me to go out with her. We went to a nightclub and that's when I met him.

Clint was playing a game with a girl. I sat in the corner watching him. I didn't feel that I had whatever it took to get up and mix with others because of my self-esteem problem. Finally I got up the courage to order a drink for him. When he got it, he gave me the most dazzling smile. We spent the rest of the evening talking until I realized that it was almost morning. I figured that he was simply being nice to me because I had bought him a drink, but the very next day he called and told me that he could not stop thinking about me and that he wanted to meet my kids too.

(81) About 3 months later, my divorce was final and Clint sat my boys down and asked them if it was all right with them if he asked me to marry him because he could not imagine life without the three of us anymore. I was so touched that he went to my boys and asked for their approval because they were the "men of the house" at the ripe old ages of 2 and 4. They said yes and we have all been together ever since. Clint gave me and my boys a second chance at a wonderful life. (82) Not a day goes by that he doesn't tell we are the best thing that ever has happened to him and that he loves us.

The writer's first marriage was unsuccessful because______ .

A．her husband often woke her up at midnight

B．her husband kept criticizing her

C．she was unattractive

D．she had a self-esteem problem

点击查看答案
第10题
In many homes, divorce is caused by the “battle between the sexes”.To understand the p
roblem, one must remember that modern American woman is freed.During childhood and youth, the American girl is given freedom and education which is equal to a boy’s.After completing school, she is able to get a job and support herself.She doesn’t have to marry for financial security.She considers herself an independent, self-sufficient person.She wants a husband whom she can respect.She wants a democratic household in which she has a voice in making decisions.When a husband and wife are able to share decision-making, their marriage is probably closer, stronger, and more satisfying.Otherwise, the couple is likely to wind up in the divorce court.

When a couple gets divorced, the court usually requires the man to pay his former wife a monthly sum of money.If the couple has children, they usually remain with the mother, and the father is expected to pay for their support.

Although divorce is quite common in the United States, 80 percent of those who get divorced remarry.The remarriages allow thousands of people, especially children, to enjoy family life again, but at the same time many troubles have arisen.A well-known American joke tells of a wife calling to her second husband, “Quick, John! Come here and help me! Your children are beating up our children!”

6.What does the passage mainly discuss？()

A.Financial trouble in the family

B.Different attitudes between husband and wife towards children’s education

C.Women’s liberation movement

D.Lack of democratic atmosphere in the household often leads to divorce

7.What do you know of modern American women according to the passage？()

A.They are overbearing

B.They respect their husbands, but do not listen to them

C.They do not have much to say in the household

D.They are more independent than ever before

8.What kind of marriage can be successful according to the passage？()

A.Both the man and woman are financially secure

B.husband and wife share housework

C.Decisions are made by the man and woman together

D.Both the man and woman are well-educated

9.What happens when a couple is divorced according to the passage？()

A.The children become homeless

B.The man, rather than the woman, remarries soon

C.Life becomes difficult for the woman and her children

D.The man is still held responsible for the welfare of his children

10.What does the well-known joke suggest？()

A.Remarriages often end up in failure

B.Children are unhappy in the new family

C.The mother is not respected by the stepchildren

D.Remarriage causes new troubles in the household

点击查看答案
第11题
Lorna Jorgenson Wendt and former husband Gray Wendt were, of course, the couple engaged in
the highly public disagreement over dividing their assets after divorcing in 1997. A judge ultimately gave her

$ 20 million, a sum she still views as far below her contribution as a "non-economic partner." Gray, now head of Conseco, the Indiana financial services firm, doesn't buy that argument.

But the ugly mess could have been avoided. Jorgenson Wendt now wishes she had known about marital and financial planning: the postnup(婚后财产协议).

The better-known prenup(婚前财产协议)defines, before the marriage, how finances are to be divided if the couple splits.

Postnups, agreements signed during marriage that divide assets if the couple were to divorce, give another option. In some instances couples are using them essentially to update their prenups. Many prenups have sunset clauses: they automatically cease after a predetermined period of time. If it is not updated, a high-net-worth individual could become exposed to a loss in the event of a divorce.

Most commonly, couples with substantial assets or children from previous marriages consider postnups for protection.

Getting a postnup is relatively easy and begins with each spouse hiring a lawyer. Choose a good one. Michael Minton, a Chicago divorce lawyer who says he represented Michael Jordan's wife in a postnup, says creative attempts to avoid fairness abound. He's seen unfair and possibly illegal agreements that say if the couple gets divorced because of one spouse is unfaithful, the unfaithful one gets nothing and gives up the right to alimony(生活费).

Because of the risk of one spouse taking advantages of the other, some state courts examine postnups more carefully than premarriage agreements, says Arlene G. Dubin, a New York City divorce lawyer.

And because marriage contracts are governed by state law, postnups should be revised if you move to another state. Such agreements are signed in fewer than 5% of first marriages and 20% of second marriages, so courts in some states are still figuring out exactly how to deal with them. The Uniform. Premarital Agreement Act of 1983, which governs prenups, generally does not apply to postnups.

Most states, however, simply accept the postnup as a private contract between two adults. But for couples thinking at all about a written financial agreement, the more popular prenup is still a better bet. The law is clearer. And there is a deadline.

What can be inferred about Lorna Jorgenson Wendt？

A．She is a divorce lawyer.

B．She knew about postnups very well before divorce.

C．She likes postnup.

D．She got a satisfactory sum of money after divorce.

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