Since the late 1930s the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States has been working to
In the first sentence "literacy" means______.
A.freedom
B.concerning literature
C.quality
D.being able to read and/or write
In the first sentence "literacy" means______.
A.freedom
B.concerning literature
C.quality
D.being able to read and/or write
A、bank failures
B、serious unemployment
C、farm foreclosures
D、the stock market crash
A.the 19th century
B.the 1930s
C.the late 1960s
D.the early 1970s
American structuralism started in______.
A. the early 20th century
B. the late 20th century
C. the early 19th century
D. the late 1930s and 40s
A.the 1910s
B.the 1930s
C.the 1980s
D.the 1990s
How are jigsaw puzzles made?
The method of making a jigsaw puzzle hasn't changed much since its invention in the late 18th century: an image is mounted on solid material and cut into a bunch of pieces. The first puzzles were made of wood and cut with a jigsaw, hence the name of the game.
You can still buy puzzles made Of wood, but the type you're probably most familiar with is die-cut cardboard. The die-cut press, in wide use in the United States by the 1930s, according to puzzle historian Anne D. Williams, exerts 500 tons of pressure to hold a board in place while a steel-rule die cuts it into pieces. The die consists of pieces of metal that have been shaped to form. each piece in the puzzle — much like a cookie cutter punches out a shape in dough. Recent innovations include the use of lasers and computer-contro11ed water jets to cut puzzle pieces.
Some manufacturers still have their puzzle pieces drawn by hand; others use a computer to ensure that only two pieces will fit together exactly. Puzzle styles have evolved, however, from maps and flat images to three-dimensional objects and trick puzzles. In some of these complicated puzzles, several pieces will fit together securely, but only one combination of pieces yields the correct solution to the puzzle.
When was the jigsaw puzzle first invented?
A.Not earlier than 1800.
B.1930's.
C.1750 to 1799.
D.Not known.
The Grammar-Translation Method dominated foreign language teaching______.
A. from mid-19th century to mid-20th century
B. from 1920s to 1940s
C. from the late 18th century to early 19th century
D. from 1910s to 1930s
In the late 1930s, many big bands broke up【C7】______smaller units and formed "jump blues" bands【C8】______played loud music with a strong dance beat, quickly【C9】______popular in the dance halls at the time.
Early R&B【C10】______were those of Count Basie, Louis Jordan and Lionel Hampton. Basic had a hit in 1937 with One O'clock Jump,【C11】______Jordan had a string of hits from the late 1930s through the 1940s. By the mid 1940s, R.M. Blues by Roy Milton and The Honey dripper by Joe Liggin each【C12】______one million copies.
The new music style【C13】______to evolve and was gaining【C14】______rapidly. In Annapolis, more than 50,000 people【C15】______up to a concert with seating for 8,000. There was a traffic【C16】______for seven hours.
Rhythm and blues has come a long way【C17】______American African musicians of the mid 20th century developed their own style. of【C18】______music based on some more conservative styles at the time. R&B had huge success in the 1950s and 1960s before making an even【C19】______comeback as contemporary R&B【C20】______the 1980s on.
【C1】
A.style
B.form
C.way
D.group
Many American families pride themselves () their cooking, and have deep freezers, () they store foodthey grow in their gardens or buy in the supermarket. Supermarkets are large self service stores () every kind of food--fresh, canned or frozen. So, () the fast-food restaurant, their produce is less expensive andeasier () . There have been supermarkets in the USA since the 1930s, and they have now spread through a large part of the world.
Investors would have been better off investing in pretty much anything else, from bonds to gold or even just stuffing money under a mattress. Since the end of 1999, stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange have lost an average of 0.5% a year thanks to the twin bear markets this decade. The period has provided a lesson for ordinary Americans who used stocks as their primary way of saving for retirement.
Many investors were lured to the stock market by the bull market that began in the early 1980s and gained force through the 1990s. But coming out of the 1990s, the best calendar decade in history with a 17.6% average annual gain, stocks simply had gotten too expensive. Companies also pared dividends, cutting into investor returns. And in a time of financial panic like 2008, stocks were a terrible place to invest.
The decline edges out the 0.2% decline stocks suffered during the Depression years of the 1930s, which up until now held the title of worst decade. And it is worse than other decades with financial panics, such as in 1907 and 1893. Even the 1970s, when a bear market was coupled with inflation, wasn't as bad as the most recent period. The S&P 500 lost 1.4% after inflation during that decade. That is especially disappointing news for investors, considering that a key goal of investing in stocks is to increase money faster than inflation.
"This decade is the big loser." said Mr. Jones. For investors counting on stocks for retirement plans, the most recent decade means many have fallen behind retirement goals. Many financial plans assume a 10%0 annual return for stocks over the long term, but over the last 20 years, the S&P 500 is registering 8.2% annual gains. Should stocks average 10% a year for the next decade, that would lift the 30-year average return to only 8.8%, said North Carolina State's Mr. Jones. It is even worse news for those who started investing in 2000; a 10% return a year would get them up to only 4.4% a year.
There were ways to make money in U. S. stocks during the last decade. But the returns paled in comparison with those posted in the 1990s. Of the 30 stocks today that comprise the Dow Jones Industrial Average, only 13 are up since the end of 1999, and just two, Caterpillar Inc. and United Technologies Corp., doubled over the 10-year span.
So what went wrong for the U.S. stock market?
For starters, it turned out that the old rules of valuation matter. "We came into this decade horribly overpriced," said Jeremy Grantham, co-founder of money managers GMO LLC. In late 1999, the stocks in the S&P 500 were trading at about an all-time high of 44 times earnings, based on Yale professor Robert Shiller's measure, which tracks prices compared with 10-year earnings and adjusts for inflation. That compares with a long-run average of about 16. Buying at those kinds of values, "you'd better believe you're going to get dismal returns for a considerable chunk of time," said Mr. Grantham, whose firm predicted 10 years ago that the S&P 500 likely would lose nearly 2% a year in the 10 years through 2009. Despite the woeful returns this decade, stocks today aren't a steal. The S&P is trading at a price-to-earnings ratio of about 20 on Mr. Shiller's measure. Mr. Grantham thinks U.S. large-cap stocks are about 30% overpriced, which means returns should be about 30% less than their long-term average for the next seven years. That means returns of just 1.6% a year before adding in inflation.
Another hurdle for the stock market has been the decline in dividends that began in the late 1980s. Over the long term, dividends have played an important role in helping stocks achieve a 9.5% average annual return since 1926. But since that year, the average yield on S&P 500 stocks was r
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