题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A．In the early 1990s
B．In the late 1970s
C．In the early 1950s
D．In the early 1940s
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更多“Cable television had developed technology that allowed them to add more programming to cab”相关的问题
A．1948
B．1940s
C．1970s
D．1990s
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1- 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Cable Television
In the 1940s, there were four networks in the United States. Because of the frequencies allotted to television, the signals could only be received in a "line of sight" from the transmitting antenna. People living in remote areas couldn't see the programs that were already becoming an important part of U. S. culture.
In 1948, people living in remote valleys in Pennsylvania solved their reception problems by putting antennas on hills and running cables to their houses. These days, the same technology once used by remote villages and select cities allows viewers all over the country to access a wide variety of programs and channels that meet their individual needs and desires. By the early 1990s, cable television had reached nearly half the homes in the United States.
Today, U. S. cable systems deliver hundreds of channels to some 60 million homes, while also providing a growing number of people with high-speed Internet access. Some cable systems even let you make telephone calls and receive new programming technologies!
The earliest cable systems were, in effect, strategically placed antennas with very long cables connecting them to subscribers' television sets. Because the signal from the antenna became Weaker as it traveled through the length of cable, cable providers had to insert amplifiers at regular intervals to boost the strength of the signal and make it acceptable for viewing.
"In a cable system, the signal might have gone through 30 or 40 amplifiers before reaching your house, one every 1,000 feet or so," Wall says, "With each amplifier, you would get noise and distortion. Plus, if one of the amplifiers failed, you lost the picture. Cable got a reputation for not having the best quality picture and for not being reliable." In the late 1970s, cable television would find a solution to the amplifier problem. By then, they had also developed technology that allowed them to add more programming to cable service.
In the early 1950s, cable systems began experimenting with ways to use microwave transmitting and receiving towers to capture the signals from distant stations. In some cases, this made television available to people who lived outside the range of standard broadcasts. In other cases, especially in the northeastern United States, it meant that cable customers might have access to several broadcast stations of the same network. For the first time, cable was used to enrich television viewing, not just make ordinary viewing possible.
The addition of community antenna television stations and the spread of cable systems ultimately led manufacturers to add a switch to most new television sets. People could set their televisions to tune to channels, or they could set them for the plan used by most cable systems.
In both tuning systems, each television station was given a 6-megahertz (MHz) slice of the radio spectrum. The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) had originally devoted parts of the very high frequency (VHF) spectrum to 12 television channels. The channels weren't put into a single block of frequencies, but were instead broken into two groups to avoid interfering with existing services.
Later, when the growing popularity of television necessitated additional channels, the FCC allocated frequencies in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) portion of the spectrum. They established channels 14 to
A．a "line of sight"
B．transmitting antenna
C．frequencies allotted to television
D．putting antennas on hills and running cables to houses
Public radio and television stations, on the 【33】______ hand, do not have advertisements and people do not have to 【34】______ to watch them. These stations gain their money 【35】______ the government, private companies, and from some of the 【36】______ who watch or listen to their programs. The 【37】______ government and some large corporations give 【38】______ , large gifts on money, to the public stations. Small businesses and people also 【39】______ money to their local public radio and television stations.
ABC, CBS, and NBC are the three 【40】______ commercial radio and television 【41】______ in the United States. Most local commercial radio and TV stations 【42】______ their programs from one of these national networks. 【43】______ example, each network had a TV news program in the evening, 【44】______ the local stations broadcast in addition to their 【45】______ local news programs.
【26】
A．that
B．this
C．it
D．which
听力原文： A twenty-one-year-old American named Philo Farnsworth built the first working television receiver in nineteen twenty-seven. Many scientists around the world had made important discoveries that led to the development of television. But Philo Farnsworth had recognized as a boy that electrons could capture a picture sent as light and sound waves through the air.
Over the years, the technology has changed and improved. But the idea behind the television broadcast is still the same. TV stations send a powerful signal from a transmitting antenna. An antenna connected to a television set receives the signal.
The problem with this system is that the receiver antenna has to be in line with the transmitting antenna. Mountains or tall buildings can interfere. One solution is cable television.
This system began in the nineteen forties in Pennsylvania. Only a few television stations existed then, and they were in large cities. People in small towns could not receive the signals. So a store owner put an antenna on top of a pole and placed it on a nearby mountain. This antenna received the television signal. Wires led from the antenna to the store. The cable brought clear pictures to the television sets inside. Later, the idea of cable television spread to cities, to provide people with more stations to watch.
Today, people can watch hundreds of stations. And another way to receive them is with a satellite dish antenna. A small round device of the size of a pizza can receive signals from satellites .high above the Earth. The antenna is connected to a special receiver which connects to the television set. Some broadcasts over satellite can be watched free of charge. But the others cost money, just like cable service.
The passage mainly focuses on ______.
A．the importance of TV
B．the function of TV
C．the production of TV
D．the evolution of TV
Public radio and television stations, on the【C8】______hand, do not have advertisements and people do not have to【C9】______to watch them. These stations gain their money from the【C10】______, from private companies, and from some of the【C11】______who watch or listen to their programs. The【C12】______government and some large corporations give【C13】______, large gifts on money, to the public stations. Small businesses and people also【C14】______money to their local public radio and television stations.
ABC, CBS, and NBC are the three【C15】______commercial radio and television【C16】______in the United States. Most local commercial radio and TV stations【C17】______their programs from one of these national networks.【C18】______example, each network had a TV news program in the evening,【C19】______the local stations broadcast in addition to their【C20】______local news programs.
【C1】
A．that
B．this
C．it
D．which
Under pressure from social conservatives, America's politicians are now threatening to extend indecency regulation further. If they get their way, not just broadcast television and radio but cable and satellite TV, and possibly satellite radio, would be monitored by the FCC for indecency. America's media firms have been shaken by this threat.
Every society, of course, has the right to protect children from adult material. But increasing censorship by the central government is the wrong way to go about this. A wiser course would be to eliminate the government's role and rely more on parents. Fortunately, changes in technology and the media industry itself now make this approach more feasible than ever.
Television has changed beyond recognition since indecency rules were first imposed. In 1978 the Supreme Court upheld the FCC's right to punish indecency on the grounds that broadcasters had what it called a "uniquely pervasive presence in the lives of all Americans." Back then, that was a plausible argument. But with television fragmenting in to so many outlets such unique pervasiveness no longer prevails. Over four-fifths of American households, for instance, subscribe to cable or satellite television. They are just as likely to be watching one of the hundreds of cable channels they have at home as one of the main six broadcast networks. With so much choice, avoiding the indecent is easier than it was 30 years ago when most people had only three channels.
At the same time, new technology now allows families to filter the television they receive. Cable and satellite TV come with set-top boxes that can screen out individual channels. Digital cable set-top boxes are particularly precise, and allow parents to block individual programmes at the touch of a button on their remote control. Every new television set sold in America since 2000 is equipped with a "v-chip", a blocking device that Bill Clinton forced on the media industry in 1996. It is only thanks to the v-chip and set-top boxes, in fact, that children get any protection from violence, since the FCC regulates only sex and bad language. America is the only country where blocking technology is already in the vast majority of homes, thanks to the ubiquity of pay television. But it is likely soon to be available elsewhere as well.
The unique function of up-to-date technological devices lies in its
A．capability of keeping the young from violence.
B．context of contemporary community.
C．complaints of programs.
D．standards for the broadcast media.
Ⅰ. Translate the following negative sentences. 1. As regards our foreign policy, it is no less our interest than our duty to maintain the most friendly relations with other countries. (complete negation) 2. An increasing traffic jam of arriving troops and vehicles hampered the armor trying to thrust towards the city. (connotative negation) Ⅱ. Translate the following passive sentences. 3. In that sense the characters are called into existence by the demands of the plot. 4. The use of English in international diplomacy is strengthened by its acceptance as one of the official languages of the United Nations. Ⅲ. Please translate the following sentences with attributive clauses. 5. Cable television which in many countries now give a choice of dozens of channels will soon be used to protect our homes by operating burglar and fire alarms linked to police and fire stations.（translate the attributive clause into an independent clause） 6. When the ideas of a scientist are expressed in a simple mathematical form, new relationships and new channels of investigation often suggest themselves which would be lost in words if mathematics were not used. (repeating the antecedent) Ⅳ. Please translate the following adverbial sentences. 7. John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. （omit the conjunction “as”） 8. She had chosen to stay among poor folks when she might have had everything of the best. （adverbial of time into adverbial of concession）
What happens after cable television has moved into cities？
A．All classrooms use cable television.
B．City people can see extra programs.
C．The charge of cable is much lowered.
D．TV signals can be received more easily.
A．0．66
B．0．75
C．1．0
D．1．4
E．2．0
A．subscribe
B．relate
C．limit
D．apply
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