题目内容
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The United States entered the war against Japan ______.
A．because Japan declared war
B．because Japan was an ally of Germany
C．after Japan launched the Pearl Harbor attack
D．after peaceful efforts had failed
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What can be inferred about poor people in the United States？
A．They are not able to find entry-level jobs.
B．They work in jobs that require little education.
C．They are service workers and manual laborers.
D．They do not try to find employment.
A businesswoman with dual citizenship in the United States and the United Kingdom decided to transfer her entire business overseas. She entered into a contract with a buyer for the sale of her home, which included a large home office, for $325,000. The contract further provided that the transfer of the deed, as well as the buyer’s payment of the purchase price, would occur on May 1, one month from the date of the contract. After the signing of the contract, the businesswoman traveled to England to begin the process of setting up her headquarters there. She expected to stay four weeks and to return home the day before the closing date of the contract. However, en route home to the United States, the businesswoman found herself stranded in Madrid, Spain, following a layover and several flight delays and cancellation. As a result, she did not arrive home until May 2, the day after the closing date. Upon her return the businesswoman contacted the buyer to reschedule the closing. However, the buyer was highly offended at the businesswoman’s failure to show upon the promised date or to contact him about the delay, and he informed her that he would be canceling the contract due to her breach. If the businesswoman files an action seeking the buyer’s specific performance of the contract, will she prevail？
A、(A) No, because unless otherwise provided in the terms of the contract, a party’s failure to render performance on the date promised constitutes a repudiation of the contract.
B、(B) No, because specific performance is not and appropriate remedy for a buyer’s breach of a contract for the sale of land.
C、(C) Yes, because the businesswoman’s delay in performance was justified under the circumstances.
D、(D) Yes, because the contract did not provide that time was of the essence.
听力原文： The police in Brazil have recovered most of the eight million dollars in cash that disappeared last month, while en route to Argentina from the United States Federal Reserve Board in New York. The police said four men who worked for a baggage handling company at Rio de Janeiro airport were later arrested. The money was discovered by chance during a drug investigation. The stolen money was part of shipment of more than 50 million dollars being transferred from New York to the Central Bank of Argentina.
How much money was being transferred from Federal Reserve Board in New York to the Central Bank of Argentina？
A．More than 8,000,000 dollars.
B．More than 15,000,000 dollars.
C．More than 50,000,000 dollars.
D．More than 25,000,000 dollars.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： "The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor it is 'foreign' to any. "
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country's coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can en force in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea's rules of the road are established by international conference and treaties.
(27)
A．Any powerful nation may control the sea.
B．Any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to it.
C．No one has exclusive rights to the open sea.
D．No nations has any sea rights.
Trademark
What is a trademark？
Trademark is any visible sign or device used by a business enterprise to identify its goods and distinguish them from those made or carried by others. Trademarks may be words or groups of words, letters, numerals, devices, names, the shape or other presentation of products or their packages, color combinations with signs, combinations of colors, and combinations of any of the above signs.
What are the functions of the trademark？
By indicating the origin of goods and services, trademarks serve two important purposes. They provide manufacturers and traders with protection from unfair competition (one person representing or passing for sale his goods as the goods of another), and they provide customers with protection from imitations (assuring them of a certain expected quality). In terms of the protection of the rights of trademark holders, the law in most countries extends beyond the rule of unfair competition, for a trademark is considered the property of the holder; and, as such, unauthorized use of the trademark constitutes not only misrepresentation and fraud but also a violation of the holder's private property fights.
How to register a trademark？
In most countries, registration is a prerequisite (先决条件) for ownership and protection of the mark. In the United States, however, the trademark right is granted by the mere use of the mark; registering the mark provides the owner only with certain procedural advantages and is not a prerequisite for legal protection.
It is not necessary for the mark to be in use before a registration application is filed, although most countries require applicants to have a sincere intent to use the mark after registration. Formerly, the United States was one of the few countries requiring actual use prior to registration. Under the Trademark Law Revision Act of 1988, the United States permits registration upon application showing an intent to use the trademark in the near future.
In many countries, ownership of a trademark is not acknowledged until the mark has been registered and gone uncontested (无异议的) for a given period of time, so as to afford protection to a prior user of the mark. Even after that period has passed, the prior user may move to have the registration canceled. After a certain number of years (from three to seven, depending on the country), the registration and ownership become uncontested.
For a mark to be registered, it must be distinctive. In many cases a mark, when first brought into use, may not have been distinctive, but over time the public may have attached a secondary meaning to it, forming a specific association between the mark and the product, thus making the mark distinctive, hence registrable.
How to treat the infringement？
When a question of infringement (unauthorized use) of a trademark arises, the primary legal question addressed in court is whether the accused infringer's use of the mark is likely to confuse the purchasing public. In most countries, including the United States, protection against infringement extends to goods or services similar to those covered by the registration. In countries following British law (same 66 nations), an infringement action can, however, be brought only for the precise goods identified in the registration.
How to deal with the transfer of a trademark？
For a long time the rights of a trademark could not be transferred separately from the business to which it was attached. Now, however, because trademarks are viewed as property, they may be sold, inherited, or rented, as long as such a transfer of rights does not deceive the public. In most countries a public notice of such a transfer must be given. A common form. of transfer is international licensing, whereby a trademark holder allows the use of his mark
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
The United States and Mexico are typical future-oriented societies.()
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