So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and..

第1题

Ever since this government's term began, the attitude to teachers has been overshadowed by

the mantra that good teachers cannot be rewarded if it means bad teachers are rewarded, too. That's why, despite the obvious need for them, big pay rises have not been awarded to teachers across the board. The latest pay rise was 3.6 per cent--mad in the present situation. That's why, as well, the long battle over performance-related pay was fought as teacher numbers slid.

The idea is that some kind of year zero can eventually be achieved whereby all the bad teachers are gone and only the good teachers remain. That is why the Government's attempts to relieve the teacher shortage have been so focused on offering incentives to get a new generation of teachers into training. The assumption is that so many of the teachers we have already are bad, that only by starting again can standards be raised.

But the teacher shortage is not caused only because of a lack of new teachers coming into the profession. It is also because teaching has a retention problem, with many leaving the profession. These people have their reasons for doing so, which cannot be purely about wanting irresponsibly to "abandon" pupils more permanently. Such an exodus suggests that even beyond the hated union grandstanding, teachers are not happy.

Unions and government appear to be in broad agreement that the shortage of teachers is a parlous state of affairs. Oddly, though, they don't seem entirely to agree that the reasons for this may lie in features of the profession itself and the way it is run. Instead, the Government is so suspicious of the idea that teachers may be able to represent themselves, that they have set up the General Teaching Council, a body that will represent teachers whether they want it to or not, and to which they have to pay ￡ 25 a year whether they want to or not.

The attitudes of both sides promise to exacerbate rather than solve the problem. Teachers are certainly exacerbating the problem by stressing just how bad things are. Quite a few potential teachers must be put off. And while the Government has made quite a success of convincing the public that bad education is almost exclusively linked to bad teachers represented by destructive unions, it also seems appalling that in a survey last year, working hours for primary teachers averaged 53 hours per week, while secondary teachers clocked up 51 hours.

At their spring conferences, the four major teaching unions intend to ballot their members on demanding from government an independent inquiry into working conditions. This follows the McCrone report in Scotland, which produced an agreement to limit hours to 35 per week, with a maximum class contact-time of 22 and a half hours. That sounds most attractive.

The third sentence of Paragraph 1 implies that a 3% pay rise______

A．is too small to be attractive to teachers.

B．is too big even for good teachers.

C．is close-knit to teachers' performance.

D．is in itself anything but a reward.

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第2题

In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly a

ll the teachers are women, mostly married. (80) The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.

The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a Society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on cooperation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.

According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children ______.

A．sensible and sensitive

B．competitive and interested

C．curious and friendly

D．happy and cooperative

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第3题

请阅读Passage 1，完成第小题。 So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching a

请阅读Passage 1，完成第小题。

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learnin9，they will continue to undeaake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves．Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them．It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading．Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible．”

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes．They differ in kind and function． The funetion of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate tllat will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read．Teaching is also a public activity：It can be seen and observed．

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the word of printed language．Almost all of it is private，for learning is an occupation of the mind，and that process is not open to public scrutiny．If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable，what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest for knowledge？ Smith has one principal rule for all instructions．“Make learning to read easy，which means and frequent experience for children． making reading a meaningful，teaching enjoyable

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are，and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately，then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated．Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading．

The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that__________. 查看材料

A.it is one of the most difficult school courses

B.students spend endless hours in reading

C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

D.too much time is spent on teaching about reading

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第4题

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conve

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：W: Professor Johnson helps me so much that I'm thinking of buying him a book of poetry.

M: I think you should get him a record, just because being an English teacher doesn't mean all he does is reading.

Q: What does the man mean？

(12)

A．English teachers usually like reading a lot.

B．The English like to read a lot and listen to music.

C．Not everyone from England likes to read all the time.

D．People who teach English like things other than books.

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第5题

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: In the United States el

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly ail the teachers are women, mostly married. (76) The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago - so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.

The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.

11. According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children__________.

A. sensible and sensitive B. competitive and interested

C. curious and friendly D. happy and co-operative

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第6题

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conve

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：W: Professor Thomson helped me so much that I'm thinking of buying him a book of poetry.

M: I think you should get him a music CD. Just because he's an English teacher doesn't mean that all he does is read.

Q: What does the man mean？

(12)

A．Not everyone from England likes to read all the time.

B．People who teach English like things besides book.

C．The English like to read a lot and listen to music.

D．English teachers usually like to read a lot.

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第7题

In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly a

ll the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the chil-dren happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interestedrather than giving them actual instruction.

The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co- operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for mak-ing people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of educa-tion. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.

According to the passage, the American elementary education is supposed to make children______.

A．sensible and sensitive

B．competitive and interested

C．curious and friendly

D．happy and co-operative

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第8题

Teachers found it painful to read students’ long and lifeless essays.（）

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第9题

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue

to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible."

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. 7he function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and ob served.

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public serum.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest for knowledge？ Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children."

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.

The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ______

A．too much time is spent in teaching about reading

B．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

C．it is one of the most difficult school courses

D．students spend endless hours in reading

点击查看答案

第10题

But the implications of not using technology in an increasingly technology-laden world may

be even more unsatisfactory. Computers and access to the Internet are now common features in most American schools, but they have taken a long and winding road to get there, so quick and widely shared improvements in math and science test scores may be unrealistic. Also, the use of computers in classrooms does not necessarily mean that science and math curricula have been adjusted to take full advantage of them. And a widely perceived lack of teacher training prevents many teachers from effectively implementing both the technology and new approaches to teaching.

"Technology access is important," says Roberts. "But technology alone never makes the difference in student performance. It's equally important [ to have] teachers who are comfortable and competent with technology, and who have the right kind of training and support."

Federal funding for public school technology, which goes directly to the states, is $ 425 million this year. About one-third of that amount is earmarked for professional development.

In some cases, technology can help move both teachers and students toward their goals. One of Roberts' favorite Web sites is Ask Dr. Math, which can help teachers and students struggling with difficult material. Ask Dr. Math is a question and answer service for K-12 math students and their teachers; it has received a number of Internet awards, including the Best Education Site Award. You can search an archive of questions and answers by level and topic, and students and teachers can e-mail their specific questions as well. E-mail answers come courtesy of 225 volunteer math "doctors" from all over the world.

But teachers need some formal technology training too. That' s the objective of the W. M. Keck Summer Technology Institute, which takes place at the Thacher School, a 110-year-old boarding school in Ojai, California. With a $ 280,000 grant from the Keck Foundation, the school accepts Southern California teachers for intensive training in using computers, the Internet, and a gaggle of high-tech equipment. The one-week summer sessions began in 1997, continued in 1998, and will repeat in 1999. Roughly 60 percent of the attendees are math and science teachers.

Ask Dr. Math could be described as the following EXCEPT ______.

A．a question and answer service

B．a technology training program

C．with a database of questions and answers

D．supported by volunteer math teachers

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