题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
People form. a close connection to celebrities not because ______.
A．they have busy lives
B．they live far away from their relatives and friends
C．they cannot escape media coverage of celebrities
D．they work with those celebrities
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W: Sure, but they usually melt too fast for me to get a close look. Why do you ask？
M: I'm just curious. I was reading an article about the formation of snowflakes, and I real- ized that I had never paid much attention to them before.
W: WeI1, there is a big variety, isn't there？
M: Yes, but they all have one of the three basic forms: hexagonal columns, thin hexagonal plates and the blanching starshaped form.
W: I wonder why are forms different, maybe because ice starts to form. on dust particles with different shape.
M: Well, I thought it might have something, to do with the water saturation of the air. But we're both wrong. The author of this article did extensive research and concluded that. the shapes of snow crystals largely controlled by the temperature of the air. For example, the featherly star-shaped snowflake that everyone thinks is typical occurs only at a specific temperature.
W: Doesn't the relative humidity has anything to do with the shapes？
M: Apparently not. The effect of super saturation is simply to alter the growth rate. The greater the saturation, the faster the snowflakes form.
W: Why, next time when it snows. I'll make a point of taking a close look.
What are the people discussing？
A．Whether or not snowflakes can be analyzed.
B．How snowflakes are formed.
C．What causes a snowstorm.
D．Where the largest snowflakes can be found.
听力原文： In all languages there are different levels of formality and informality in talking to other people, The language and speech forms you use in talking to family members and friends are not the same as those you use in talking to strangers. The level of language you use in talking to strangers is more formal and usually contains more polite forms. In talking with strangers in English, people sometimes use extra-polite forms to show special courtesy.
In a dialogue, for example, someone says, "Would you be good enough to mm the radio down a bit7" (Instead of "Turn the radio down, please. ") If you used this extra-polite form. with a member of your family or with a close friend, it would seem very peculiar! However, when you use an extra-polite expression like "Would you be good enough'"" or "Would you be so kind as to…" with a stranger, you are trying to be very polite and courteous.
(30)
A．Informal language and polite forms.
B．Formal language and polite forms.
C．Formal language and impolite forms.
D．Informal language and casual forms.
听力原文：M: Have you ever looked really closely at the snowflake？
W: Sure, but they usually melt too fast for me to get a close look. Why do you ask？
M: I'm just curious. I was reading an article about the formation of snowflakes, and I real- ized that I had never paid much attention to them before.
W: WeI1, there is a big variety, isn't there？
M: Yes, but they all have one of the three basic forms: hexagonal columns, thin hexagonal plates and the blanching starshaped form.
W: I wonder why are forms different, maybe because ice starts to form. on dust particles with different shape.
M: Well, I thought it might have something, to do with the water saturation of the air. But we're both wrong. The author of this article did extensive research and concluded that. the shapes of snow crystals largely controlled by the temperature of the air. For example, the featherly star-shaped snowflake that everyone thinks is typical occurs only at a specific temperature.
W: Doesn't the relative humidity has anything to do with the shapes？
M: Apparently not. The effect of super saturation is simply to alter the growth rate. The greater the saturation, the faster the snowflakes form.
W: Why, next time when it snows. I'll make a point of taking a close look.
What are the people discussing？
A．Whether or not snowflakes can be analyzed.
B．How snowflakes are formed.
C．What causes a snowstorm.
D．Where the largest snowflakes can be found.
Another fragmented idea concerns the planet's seasonal changes in color. Once attributed to the rapid spread of some life-form, these shifts are now known to develop from the movement of fine dust in the atmosphere.
By the close of the 20th century none of the many experiments conducted by spacecraft had ever found persuasive evidence of life. Nevertheless, speculation continued over the existence of some form. of life, in either the present or the past. In 1996 scientists discovered organic compounds and minerals in a meteorite(陨石), consisting of Martian rock, that collided with Earth around 11,000 B.C. These compounds suggest that Mars may have been inhabited by organisms more than three billion years ago.
Why did people in the 19th century believe the existence of intelligent life on Mars？
A．Because the surface of Mars seemed to be geometric.
B．Because the lines were drawn across the surface of the planet.
C．Because a system of canals was thought to be there.
D．Because it was the Martians that built the canals.
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The physicians in a hospital form. the core of the medical staff. But they couldn't provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. Form. the viewpoint of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital.
A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However, each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night.
Under the supervision of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend' to patients' needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty, usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses' station.
A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are
critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital.
Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession.
The nursing staff______.
A．are central to the medical staff
B．played an important role in caring for patients
C．can work effectively without physicians
D．are always in close contact with the patients
Types of insomnia
1.Transient insomnia lasts from one night to a few weeks, but it seems longer to sufferers. Most people occasionally suffer from transient insomnia due to such causes as jet lag or short-term anxiety. If this form. of insomnia continues to occur from time to time, the insomnia is classified as intermittent.
2. Acute insomnia is the inability to consistently sleep well for a period of between three weeks to six months.
3. Chronic insomnia is regarded as the most serious. It persists almost nightly for at least a month.
How many types of insomnia are listed in the article？
A．1.
B．2.
C．3.
D．4.
To obtain this type of data we have spent time with individuals, watching how they communicate where they get confused, what they don't understand and the many mistakes they make. You can do this type of research yourself in an informal way. Just watch someone at the desk next to you trying to use a phone or trying to fill in a form. What you will quickly notice about people on the phone is that they use very few of the buttons available on the keypad, and they get quite anxious if they have to use any buttons outside their normal ones. Most will not use the instruction book, and those that do will not necessarily have a rewarding experience. Watch someone fill out a form--a good meaty one such as an application form. or a tax form--and you will see a similar pattern of distressed behavior.
The simple fact we can all observe from how people use these ordinary instruments of everyday communication is how messy, uncertain and confusing the experience can be. Now multiply these individual close encounters of the communicative kind to take account of the full range you may experience in a single day, from getting up in the morning until you go to bed at night and the world takes on a slightly different appearance.
Even watching television which for many provides an antidote to the daily confusion is itself fraught with a kind of low level confusion. For example, if you ring people up five minutes after the evening news has finished and ask them what the news was about, many cannot remember, and those who do remember get some of it wrong.
One of the reasons why this obvious confusion gone unnoticed is because "communication" is a word we associate with success, and therefore we expect the process to work effectively most of the time. To suggest otherwise is to challenge one of our society's most deeply held beliefs.
How do scientists know many people are uneasy about information technology？
A．By asking people to answer questions orally.
B．By asking people to fill in various question forms.
C．By making people use instruments of everyday communication.
D．By watching people using information technology.
Probably we cannot tomorrow turn all the so-called criminals loose and close the jails--though, of course that is just what we are doing by letting them go at the end of their sentences. No society cannot free the victims. Society has unfitted liar freedom. Doubtless, since the Millennium is still centuries ahead, it is advisable to make prisons as sanitary and well-lighted as possible, that the convicts may live out their living death more comfortably.
Only keep your philosophy straight. Do not imagine that when you have by carelessness in no inoculating them, let your victims get smallpox, you are going to save them or exonerate yourselves by bathing their brows, however grateful the bathing may be.
The author says that prison is like some parents, or like some kinds of religion, in that it ______.
A．makes people incapable of living independently
B．doesn't train people for useful work
C．is too kind for people to live freely
D．is too strict for people to live freely
根据以下材料，回答题
Androids
Computers are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to come. And it won"t be long before we will see realistic cyber companions， complete with skin， dexterity （灵敏），and intelligence. They will be programmed to tend to your every need.
Will we ever want to marry robots？ Artificial intelligence researcher David Levy has published a book claiming human-robot relationships will become popular in the next few decades.
___________ （46）Will humans really be able to form. deep emotional attachments to machines？ It will， in fact， be relatively easy to form. these strong attachments because the human mind loves to give human attributes to other creatures——even objects.
For example， researchers in San Diego recently put a small humanoid robot in with a toddler playgroup for several months. ___________ （47） The children ended up treating it as a fellow toddler. When it lay down because its batteries were flat， the kids even covered it with a blanket.
In a few decades， when humanoid robots with plastic skin look and feel very real， will people want to form. relationships with them？ What if the bots could hold a conversation？ And be programmed to be the perfect companions——soul mates， even？ ___________ （48） And like those toddlers in the experiment， they will be very accepting of them.
The next question， then， is whether there is anything wrong with having an emotional relationship with a machine. Even today there are people who form. deep attachments to their pets and use them as substitutes for friends or even children. Few consider that unethical （不和伦理的，不道德的 ） . ___________ （49） For those who always seem to.end up marrying the wrong man or woman， a robotic Mr. or Ms. Right could be mighty tempting. As the father of artificial intelligence，Marvin Minsky， put it when asked about the ethics of lonely older people forming close relationships with robots: "If a robot had all the virtues of a person and was smarter and more understanding， why would the elderly bother talking to other bad-tempered old people？"
A robot could be programmed to be as dumb or smart， as independent or subservient（服从的），as an owner desired. And that"s the big disadvantage. Having the perfect robot partner will damage the ability to form. equally deep human-human relationships. People will always seem imperfect in comparison. When you"re behaving badly， a good friend will tell you. ___________ （50） People in relationships have to learn to adapt to each other: to enjoy their common interests and to deal with their differences. It makes us richer， stronger， and wiser. A robot companion will be perfect at the start. However， there will be nothing to move the relationship to grow to greater heights.
回答（46）题 查看材料
A.It"s easier to have a robot companion instead of a human friend.
B.But a sophisticated robot will probably be even more attractive.
C.And if you want to go ahead and tie the knot with your special electronic friend， Levy said that such marriages will be socially acceptable by around 2050.
D.However， few owners will program their robots to point out their flaws.
E.Maybe your generation could resist， but eventually there will be a generation of people who grow up with humanoid robots as a normal part of life.
F.The robot knew each child because it was programmed with face and voice recognition.
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