Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st Century

第1题

Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st CenturyA group of aging experts from the Unit

A group of aging experts from the United States and the United Kingdom suggest that the best strategy for preventing and fighting a multitude of diseases is to focus on slowing the biological processes of aging.

"The traditional medical approach of attacking individual diseases—cancer, diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimer's disease(早老性痴呆病) and Parkinson's disease(帕金森氏病)—will soon become less effective if we do not determine how all of these diseases either interact or share common mechanisms with aging", says S. Jay Olshansky, professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health and senior author of the commentary.

Middle-aged and older people are most often impacted by simultaneous but independent medical conditions. A cure for any of the major fatal diseases would have only a marginal impact on life expectancy(预期寿命) and the length of healthy life, Olshansky said. The authors suggest that a new paradigm(模式) of health promotion and disease prevention could produce unprecedented social, economic and health dividends for current and future generations if the aging population is provided with extended years of healthy life.

They note that all living things, including humans, possess biochemical mechanisms that influence how quickly we age and, through dietary(饮食的) intervention or genetic alteration, it is possible to extend lifespan to postpone aging-related processes and diseases.

Further research in laboratory models is expected to provide clues to and deeper understanding of how existing interventions, such as exercise and good nutrition, may lead to lifelong well-being.

The authors also propose greatly increased funding for basic research into the "fundamental cellular(细胞的) and physiological changes that drive aging itself".

"We believe that the potential benefits of slowing aging processes have been underrecognized by most of the scientific community", said Olshansky, "We call on the health-research decision-makers to allocate substantial resources to support and develop practical interventions that slow aging in people".

An increase in age-related diseases and escalating health care costs make this the time for a "systematic attack on aging itself", the authors write.

Olshansky and colleagues contend that modern medicine is already heavily invested in efforts to extend life, and they argue that a fresh emphasis on aging has the potential to improve health and quality of life far more efficiently than is currently possible.

The experts believe the traditional approach of attacking individual diseases______.

A．is the best strategy for fighting diseases.

B．focuses on slowing aging processes.

C．has gone out of date.

D．needs to be improved.

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第2题

第三篇Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st CenturyA group of aging experts from th

第三篇

Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st Century

A group of aging experts from the United States and the United Kingdom suggest that the best strategy for preventing and fighting a multitude of diseases is to focus on slowing the biological processes of aging.

"The traditional medical approach of attacking individual diseases - cancer, diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆病) and Parkinson's disease (帕金森氏病) -will soon become less effective if we do not determine how all of these diseases either interact or share common mechanisms with aging," says S. Jay Olshansky, professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health and senior author of the commentary.

Middle-aged and older people are most often impacted by simultaneous but independent medical conditions. A cure for any of the major fatal diseases would have only a marginal impact on life expectancy (预期寿命) and the length of healthy life, Olshansky said.

The authors suggest that a new paradigm (模式) of health promotion and disease prevention could produce unprecedented social, economic and health dividends for current and future generations if the aging population is provided with extended years of healthy life.

They note that all living things, including humans, possess biochemical mechanisms that influence how quickly we age and, through dietary (饮食的) intervention or genetic alteration, it is possible to extend lifespan to postpone aging-related processes and diseases.

Further research in laboratory models is expected to provide clues to and deeper understanding of how existing interventions, such as exercise and good nutrition, may lead to lifelong well-being.

The authors also propose greatly increased funding for basic research into the

"fundamental cellular (细胞的) and physiological changes that drive aging itself."

"We believe that the potential benefits of slowing aging processes have been

underrecognized by most of the scientific community," said Olshansky. "We call on the health-research decision-makers to allocate substantial resources to support and develop practical interventions that slow aging in people."

An increase in age-related diseases and escalating health care costs make this the time for a "systematic attack on aging itself," the authors write.

Olshansky and colleagues contend that modern medicine is already heavily invested in efforts to extend life, and they argue that a fresh emphasis on aging has the potential to improve health and quality of life far more efficiently than is currently possible.

41 The experts believe the traditional approach of attacking individual diseases

A is the best strategy for fighting diseases.

B focuses on slowing aging processes.

C needs to be improved.

D has gone out of date.

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第3题

根据以下材料，回答题Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st CenturyA group of aging ex

根据以下材料，回答题

Slowing Aging: Way to Fight Diseases in 21st Century

A group of aging experts from the United States and the United Kingdom suggest that the best strategy for preventing and fighting a multitude of diseases is to focus on slowing the biological processes of aging.

"The traditional medical approach of attacking individual diseases- cancer， diabetes， heart disease， Alzheimer"s disease （早老性痴呆病） and Parkinson"s disease （帕金森氏病） –will soon become less effective if we do not determine how all of these diseases either interact or share common mechanisms with aging，" says S. Jay Olshansky， professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health and senior author of the commentary.

Middle-aged and older people are most often impacted by simultaneous but independent medical conditions. A cure for any of the major fatal diseases would have only a marginal impact on life expectancy （预期寿命） and the length of healthy life， Olshansky said.

The authors suggest that a new paradigm （模式） of health promotion and disease prevention could produce unprecedented social， economic and health dividends for current and future generations if the aging population is provided with extended years of healthy life.

They note that all living things， including humans， possess biochemical mechanisms that influence how quickly we age and， through dietary （饮食的） intervention or genetic alteration， it is possible to extend lifespan to postpone aging-related processes and diseases.

Further research in laboratory models is expected to provide clues to and deeper understanding of how existing interventions， such as exercise and good nutrition， may lead to life-long well-being.

The authors also propose greatly increased funding for basic research into the "fundamental cellular （细胞的） and physiological changes that drive aging itself".

"We believe that the potential benefits of slowing aghag processes have been underrecognized by most of the scientific community，" said Olshansky. "We call on the health research decision-makers to allocate substantial resources to support and develop practical interventions that slow aging in people."

An increase in age-related diseases and escalating health care costs make this the time for a"systematic attack on aging itself"， the authors write.

Olshansky and colleagues contend that modem medicine is already heavily invested in efforts to extend life， and they argue that a fresh emphasis on aging has the potential to improve health and quality of life far more efficiently than is currently possible.

The experts believe the traditional approach of attacking individual diseases __________. 查看材料

A.is the best strategy for fighting diseases

B.focuses on slowing aging processes

C.has gone out of date

D.needs to be improved

点击查看答案

第4题

Many post-80s couples are complaining that going to the movies, shopping or attending part

ies have become impossible since their kids were born. That&39; s the way most parents are living their lives, no weekends of their own, no time to visit friends, not even a chance of promotion in their jobs.

Asking help from their parents might be a way out,but problems are that some out aging parents are not strong enough to take care of the kids, and that the kids may also become too spoiled by their grandparents.

Then, here comes a solution: families with kids can form. a small group, and parents of each family can take turns to look after all the kids in this group on weekends. Thus, other parents can have some quiet time and feel free to do something they&39; ve been planning for a long time. At the same time, the kids can make new friends and won&39; t be hanging around their parents all day long. This is baby-pooling.

46. Many post-80s couples can&39;t go to the movies, shop or attend parties because__________

A.they have to look after their kids

B.they have to look after their parents

C.they are busy with their work

D.they have no money

According to the last paragraph, the solution to the problem of post-80s couples is that__________A.families with kids form a small group

B.they ask their aging parents for help

C.they give up their jobs

D.they take cheir kids wherever they go

In paragraph 2, “a way out” means__________A.out of date

B.a solution

C.without question

D.a complaint

What is(are) the advantage(s) of baby-pooling？__________.

A.The parents can have much more free time

B.The kids can make new friends

C.The kids won’t be hanging around their parents all day long

D.All of the above

The passage mainly discusses__________A.post-80s couples and their friends

B.post-80s couples and baby-pooling

C.post-80s couples and their parents

D.kids and their grandparents

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第5题

According to Dr. Small, ______.A．left-handers may start brain aging later than right-hande

According to Dr. Small, ______.

A．left-handers may start brain aging later than right-handers do

B．learning a foreign language does not help to keep our brain from getting old

C．doing crossword puzzles is a good way to keep us from memory loss

D．mental exercises plus healthy diet alone cannot keep us from brain aging

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第6题

I strongly believe that it is rather important to be a good listener. And although I have

become a better listener than I was ten years ago, I have to admit I'm still only an adequate listener.

Effective listening is more than simply avoiding the bad habit of interrupting others while they are speaking or finishing their sentences. It's being content to listen to the entire thought of someone rather than waiting impatiently for your chance to respond. In some ways, the way we fail to listen is symbolic of the way we live. We often treat communication as if it were a race. It's almost like our goal is to have no gaps between the conclusion of the sentence of the person we are speaking with and the beginning of our own. My wife and I were recently at a cafeteria having lunch, overhearing the conversation around us. It seemed that no one was really listening to one another; instead they were taking turns not listening to one another. I asked my wife if I still did the same thing. With a smile on her face she said, "only sometimes".

Slowing down your responses and becoming a better listener aids you in becoming a more peaceful person. It takes pressure from you. If you think about it, you'll notice that it takes an enormous amount of energy and is very stressful to be sitting at the edge of your seat trying to guess what the person in front of you (or on the telephone) is going to say so that you can fire back your responses. But as you wait for the person you are communicating with to finish, as you simply listen more carefully to what is being said, you'll notice that the pressure you feel is off. You will immediately feel more relaxed, and so will the people you are talking to. They will feel safe in slowing down their own responses because they won't feel in competition with you for "air time"! Not only will becoming a better listener make you a more patient person, it will also enhance the quality of your relationships. Everyone loves to talk to someone who truly listens to what they are saying.

According to the passage, an effective listener should ______.

A．accept the speaker's thought critically

B．respond to the speaker's words slowly

C．wait for the chance to respond patiently

D．reply the speaker's questions patiently

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第7题

A recent report on population trend conducted by the think【1】of the World watch Institute

identifies signs of slowing growth in some countries. It says populations in 32 countries—all in the industrialized world—have stabilized because of declining birthrates. But in a handful of developing countries where population is slowing, the cause isn't something to【2】, because more people are dying.

This trend is called "population fatigue", and it's beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced【3】birthrates and sharp population growth for several decades. Governments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children,【4】at the same time confronting the falling water【5】, deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth brings. In these countries any new threat—infectious disease, drought or famine—can become a【6】crisis.

AIDS is a case【7】. WHO estimates calculate that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe and Botswana are infected with the AIDS virus,【8】, these countries stands to lose at least one-quarter of their labor force in the next decade from AIDS alone, a situation【9】since the yellow fever swept through Europe in the 14'h century.

Social unrest is also increasing in these countries. One example is the【10】conflict between the Tutsis and the Hutus in Rwanda, where population pressures reduced cropland【11】where it could no longer feed those who lived on it. Demands on the world fisheries and shared water resources are likely to spark similar conflicts. Already the waters of the Nile are so heavily used that little reaches the Mediterranean, so any increase in demand or【12】in allocation will also increase tensions.

The bottom line is that human population growth is【13】to slow one way or the other. Developing societies will either recognize problems【14】the horizon and act to encourage smaller families — or unchecked births will have their【15】in rising death rates.

(1)

A．group

B．panel

C．tank

D．council

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第8题

The purpose of the experiment conducted by the scientists is to ______.A．win a gradual vic

The purpose of the experiment conducted by the scientists is to ______.

A．win a gradual victory over death and aging

B．extend a person's life when he has an incurable disease

C．bring youth back to a person when he becomes very old

D．find a way to cure incurable diseases such as AIDS

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第9题

Why are some scientists interested in studying aging problem？A．They want to increase the g

Why are some scientists interested in studying aging problem？

A．They want to increase the general ability of our bodies．

B．They may be able to find a better way of our life．

C．If they can pin down the biochemical process that makes us age, there will be hope for extending the length of life．

D．They want to find out if there is a link between how efficiently a cell could repair itself and how long a creature lives．

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第10题

Scientists know that there are two basic approaches to prolonging for life. One approach i

s the【79】of the disease that generally【80】older people-disease such as cancer, heart attack and strokes.【81】is the delay of the process of growing old--the【82】of the body.

In recent years scientific researchers【83】much time in the study of the process of aging. They believe that, within a few years, they will develop the knowledge and the【84】to delay the aging process for 10 to 15 years. The result will be that more people will live longer, more healthy lives.【85】, scientists believe that with the fight diet, exercise, medical【86】, and mental attitude many people can【87】100 years old.

Gerontologists, people who【88】studies of the growing old, are investigating why body cells show and【89】die. They feel that delaying this slowing down process would help postpone death. In a number of American universities, scientists are【90】the activity of cells, the effects of diet and internal body temperature【91】aging. If their studies are successful, the results should help【92】the quality of life for older people in the next few years,【93】increase the life span of the next generation.

(46)

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