题目内容
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There used to be some trees by the lake, ____________？
A、was there
B、were there
C、weren't there
D、wasn't there
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Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text？
A．By culture the author means something that people have in common in relation to their ideas, art, or their way of life.
B．All animals are found to have the same culture as human beings.
C．The ability to use tools used to serve as a dividing line between human beings and animals.
D．Many things that animals used to be considered unable to do are now proved possible.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one-fifth of a mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel to the hill and back. Thus, by timing the interval between a sound and its reflection (the echo), you can estimate the distance to an obstruction.
During World War I1 the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London before the enemy was near the target. They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force (RAF) always seemed to the puzzled Germans to be lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised (袭击). It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of Britain.
Since the radio waves were used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and distance to send them (their range of flight, in other words), the device was called radio directing and ranging, and from the initials the word radar was coined.
Sound waves reflected from a hill can be used to estimate______.
A．height of the hill
B．speed of sound
C．distance of the hill
D．intensity of sound
听力原文： Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money some 2,000 years ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. In other words it must be, durable, distinct, divisible and portable. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular local money to exchange for food.
Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still be used to buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.
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A．It should be made of metal.
B．It should be durable, distinct, divisible and portable.
C．It had been 2,000 years old.
D．It should be made of high-quality materials.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute and relative sense: the surface of the Earth is finite, imposing absolute scarcity; but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of resources in different uses. Materials used for one purpose cannot at the same time be used for other purposes; if the quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing process must cause it to become
less available for other uses.
The cost of a product in terms of money may not measure its true cost to society. The true cost of, say, the construction of a supersonic jet is the value of the schools and refrigerators that will never be built as a result. Every act of production uses up some of society's available resources; it means the foregoing of an opportunity to produce something else. In deciding how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the wants of the community, this opportunity cost must ultimately be taken into account.
In a market economy the price of a good and the quantity supplied depend on the cost of making it, and that cost, ultimately, is the cost of not making other goods. The market mechanism enforces this relationship. The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the labor, the fuel, and other elements used up in producing them. But the price of these inputs, in turn, depends on what they can produce elsewhere--if the leather can be used to produce handbags that are valued highly by consumers, the prices of leather will be bid up correspondingly.
What does this passage mainly discuss？
A．The scarcity of manufactured goods.
B．The value of scarce materials.
C．The manufacturing of scarce goods.
D．The cost of producing shoes.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition it's in. A car that's been in a major accident is always a bigger risk, but sellers often try to hide this information. Andrew Bleakley, evaluator-inspector, runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal. For about $ 80 he will perform. a full, unbiased inspection on a used vehicle. In his ten years as a professional inspector, Bleakley has seen a lot. He warns, "Watch out for dealers demonstrating vehicles which are used, not new. They may have been in a collision." He adds that it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous sellers to toll back the odometer or to even disengage it. Bleakley has special tools to check for this.
Bleakley always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it. The problem is that finding someone qualified to do the inspection includes checking the compression and drive line, fluids, brakes, suspension, and steering. Essential, too, is an inspection of the car's body and finally a road test. There are, however, a few things everyone can do before buying a used car:
Do a visual check of the car. Look at the right rear door hinges. If they are very worn, or the door doesn't close well, the car may have been used as a taxi. Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries.
Check for oil leaks on the pavement. Note that leaks are not necessarily a significant problem—it depends on the cause.
Don't assume that new-looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasn't been driven much. Resellers know people check these details and can buy new pads for around $ 6.
Copy down the vehicle identification number, a 17-character combination of numbers and letters, from the vehicle's dashboard. In Ontario, ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package. This gives details of previous owners, any outstanding liens on the car, and the fair market value of the vehicle.
According to the passage, in buying a second-hand vehicle it is most important to know______.
A．how long it has been used
B．what color it is
C．whether it has been in a collision
D．whether it leaks oil
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Men seem to have always taken an interest in meteorites, but not until the early nineteenth century were these objects considered worth preserving for scientific study.
In the beginning, people believed that because meteorites fell from the heavens, they were either gods themselves or messages from the gods. Thus the more civilized of early men carefully kept the meteorites, drapping them in costly linens and anointing them with oil. In many instances, the people built special temples in which the meteorites were to be worshiped. Meteorite worship was common long in the Mediterranean area, and in Africa, India, Japan, and Mexico: such worship still persists in some regions.
Although many people held meteorites in reverence paritcularly if they were seen to fall, other practical minded individuals made good use of the durable and easily worked alloy provided by nature in the nickel-iron meteorites. They frequently used of this metal to make tools, and often pots and other utensils. Throughout history, meteoritic iron has been used in the manufacture of special swords, daggers, and knives for members of royalty. Attila and other early conquerors of Europe. boasted of "swords form. heaven". As late as the end of nineteenth century, several swords were made from a Japanese iron meteorite at the command of a member of the Japanese court.
In the nineteenth century men began to ______.
A．investigate practical uses for meteoritic iron
B．study meteorites scientifically
C．take more than a casual interest in meteorites
D．preserve meteorites
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
To get a chocolate out of a box requires a considerable amount of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived, the cellophane (玻璃纸) wrapper has to be torn off, the lid opened and the paper removed, the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. But this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the refuse put out by the average London household each week. So why is it done？ Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up scarce energy and resources and messing up the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic packs.
Tile trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environ mentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and reuse of various materials and into the cost of colleting and recycling containers as opposed to producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.
"... this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries" (Sentence 2, Paragraph 1) means ______.
A．more wrapping is needed for ordinary products
B．more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products
C．too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products
D．the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
The most prevalent use of intelligence test scores is to predict degree of academic success. Such scores are used in some communities as bases for admitting able children to schools at ages younger than normal, and they are very generally used to determine admissions to schools beyond public secondary school. Another use common in elementary schools involves comparing such scores with performances in various subjects to identify children who are working below capacity.
The greatest problem in using intelligence tests for the purpose of prediction is that no dependable criterion of their accuracy exists. The ideal criteria would be objective and reliable achievement tests following instruction in each subject, but there are few such tests, especially at the college level. Studies have shown that correlations between intelligence tests and achievement tests in various subjects through secondary school range roughly from 0.5 to 0.8. Such correlations are fairly high, but they do not suggest anywhere near complete agreement.
At the college level there are two major tests used as criteria of admission. By far the more important is the College Entrance Examination, constructed by the Educational Testing Service authorized by the College Entrance Examination Board. These tests are returned to the Educational Testing Service for scoring, and the results are then made available to the various colleges authorized by the students to receive them. The second test of this type is the American College Test, which operates in essentially the same fashion.
Both tests constitute measures of certain skills, abilities, and knowledge that have been found to be related to success in college. Their correlations with academic success are limited for three outstanding reasons. First, measures of achievement in college are themselves perhaps no more reliable than those in elementary and secondary schools. Second, intellectual factors do not alone determine academic success, especially at the college level. Many students drop out of schools because they are inadequately motivated or because they dislike the instructional programme. Third, correlations are lowered because the use of such tests for denying admission to some students means that the range of scores for those admitted is restricted, and such restrictions tend to reduce correlation.
The intelligence scores can be used in the following way EXCEPT ______.
A．telling in advance the degree of academic success
B．admitting intelligent children to school at the age younger than ordinary
C．finding out children with lower ability in primary schools
D．selecting pupils by public secondary schools
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Much of Canada's forestry production goes towards making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian pulp and Paper Association, Canada supplies 34% of the world's wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. Id these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be preserved. Recently, a possible alternative way of producing pa per has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp.
Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fibre which can be made into paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading net work would not have been feasible without hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canada's forests.
However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the world This plant, so useful for fibre, tope, oil, fuel and textiles, is a species of cannabis, related to the plant from which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force, resulting in the eventual hanging of the cultivation not only of the plant used to produce the drug, but also of the commercial fibre-producing, hemp plant. In fact, marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC(the active ingredient in the drug).
In recent years, a movement for legalization have been gathering strength. It is concerned only with the hemp plant used to produce fibre this group wants to make it legal to cultivate the plant and sell the fibre for paper and pulp production.
Why is pulp and paper production important to Canada？
A．Canada needs to find a way to use all its spare wood.
B．Canada publishes a lot of newspapers and books.
C．Pulp and paper export is a major source of income for Canada.
D．Hemp is a traditional plant of Canada.
听力原文： Let me warn you against a mistake that historians of science often make. They sometimes assume that people in the past use the same concepts we do. Here is a wonderful example that makes the use of history of mathematics some while ago. It concerns an ancient Mesopotamian(美索不达米亚人) tablet that has some calculations on it using square numbers. The calculations look an awful one like the calculations of the link of the sides of triangle. So that's what many historians assume they were. But using square numbers to do this is a very sophisticated technique. If the Mesopotamians knew how to do it, as historians started thinking that they did. Well, they learn math with incredibly advanced. Well, it turns out the idea of Mesopotamians use square numbers to calculate the link of triangle's sides is probably wrong. Why？ Because we discovered that Mesopotamians didn't know how to measure angles, which is a crucial element in the whole process of triangle calculations. Apparently the Mesopotamians had a number of other uses for square numbers. These other uses were important but they were not used with triangles. And so these tablets in all likelihood were practice sheets, if you like, for doing simpler math exercises with square numbers. In all likelihood, it was the ancient Greeks who first calculate the link of triangle's sides using square numbers. And this was hundreds of years after the Mesopotamians.
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A．To explain how angles are measured.
B．To prove that Mesopotamiansdid not know how to use square numbers.
C．To discuss a mistaken historical interpretation.
D．To explain why tablets are reliable historical records.
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