（）are new words or new meanings for established words.

___.

A．drop out their original meanings

B．keep their original meanings

C．be regarded as new words

D．have some new senses added to their original meanings

What do young people like to do in their speech？

A．Invent words that older people cannot understand.

B．Use words invented by pop stars.

C．Give words new meanings to mislead their parents.

D．Copy the speech of their contemporaries.

re ______.

A．words that have been learnt new meanings by the Internet

B．words that became popular only a century ago

C．words that are strong candidates to define the end of the century

D．words that have the most frequency count in the Internet publications

According to the passage, English is a rich language in that__________.

A.a lot of its words are from various languages

B.there are minor differences between even equivalents

C.its words are blended by the old and new words together

D.its words are grouped according to their differences in meanings

The author of the passage advises us to do all the following EXCEPT______.

A. we should think before, while and after we read a passage

B. we'd better look up every new word in a dictionary

C. we should learn to guess the meanings of new words

D. the clues in a passage should be made use of

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

As everyone knows, words constantly take on new meanings. Since these do not necessarily, nor even usually, take the place of the old ones, we should picture this process as the analogy of a tree throwing out new branches which themselves throw out subordinate branches. The new branches sometimes overshadow and kill the old one but by no means always. We shall again and again find the earliest senses of a word flourishing for centuries despite a vast overgrowth of later senses which might be expected to kill them.

When a word has several meanings historical circumstances often, make one of them dominant during a particular period. Thus "station" is now more likely to mean a railway station than anything else; "speculation" more likely to bear its financial sense than any other. Until this century "plane" had as its dominant meaning "a flat surface" or "a carpenter's tool to make a surface smooth", but the meaning "an aeroplane" is dominant now. The dominant sense of a word lies uppermost in our minds. Whenever we meet the word, our natural impulse is to give it that sense. We are often deceived. To an old author the word may mean something different.

One of my aims is to make the reading of old books easy as far as certain words are concerned. If we read an old poem with insufficient regard for the change of the dictionary meanings of words we won't be able to understand the poem the old author intended. And to avoid this, knowledge is necessary.

We see good words or good senses of words losing their edge or more rarely getting a new edge that serves some different purpose. "Verbicide", the murder of a word, happens in many ways. Inflation is the commonest: those who taught us to say "awfully" for "very", "tremendous" for "great", and "unthinkable" for "undesirable" were verbicides.

I should be glad if I sent any reader away with a sense of responsibility to the language. It is unnecessary to think we can do nothing about it. Our conversation will have little effect, but if we get into print -- perhaps especially if we are leader-writers or reporters -- we can help to strengthen or weaken some disastrous word, can encourage a good and resist a bad Americanism. For many things the press prints today will be taken up by a great mass of people in a few years.

In the first paragraph the author believes ______.

A．only old words take on new meanings

B．a tree throws out new branches as the words pick up new meanings

C．words obtain new meanings from time to time

D．it is possible for the old words to lose their old senses

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： The average person learns most of the 30,000-40,000 words whose meanings we recognize by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context without conscious effort. [26] The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good conversations. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. Here are some suggestions of how to do it.

Read plenty of good books. [27] When you come across a new word or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really conscientious, write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use the new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.

[28] Listen to good conversations and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you have already known. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read.

Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes, suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meanings of words.

(27)

A．To recite a lot of wonderful reading materials.

B．To combine prefixes, suffixes and roots freely.

C．To take part in a lot of good talks.

D．To make as many word lists as possible.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： The average person learns most of the 30,000-40,000 words whose meanings We recognize by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context without conscious effort．The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore，is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good conversations．There are relatively few words that we learn permanently by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists．Here are some suggestions of how to do it.

Read plenty of good books．When you come across a new word or a new meaning or an old word，stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't，and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much，look up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times．If you are really conscientious，write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list．Go over the list from time to time．Further, try to use the new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days．

Listen to good conversations and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you have already known. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read．

Learn and be alert to the parts of words：prefixes，suffixes and roots．Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meanings of words．

(27)

A．To recite a lot of wonderful reading materials.

B．To combine prefixes, suffixes and roots freely.

C．To take part in a lot of good talks.

D．To make as many word lists as possible.

once （） between words may help you to remember them. The more you practice, the better you will use them. You can also write a list of some new words. Express your ideas with them and discuss the 小题2: of these words as much as possible. However, there is one more thing you should pay attention to. Don’t try to learn 小题3: many words at one time. Choose several important ones to you. Repeat their pronunciations, spellings as well as their meanings in your mind. Learn 小题4: every day and you will learn a lot in a few years. It is the skills that can make you learn new words easily. It is the skills that can help you know more words quickly.

We all believe that words of a language evolve (进化) gradually over the centuries, rather as animals and plants evolve over millions of years. Sometimes the change is so slight. as to be almost unnoticeable--finger, for example, means the same today as it did 1,000 years ago. Other words have changed out of all recognition. For example, modem English "lord", a person with high social positions, comes from Old English "hlaford". It used to mean "guardian of the bread", a person who protects the bread. But not all word meanings change like this. Just as new and different types of animals and plants can be reproduced, we can call completely new words into being.

Anyone can make a word. The difficult part is to make it stay in the language. To stand the best chance it should probably relate to a particular and fairly specialized subject. That cuts down the number of people who need to agree to use it. Chemists are often having to find expressions for new findings. Once that is achieved, there may be a chance for wider recognition if the expression comes to be of interest to the general public.

Ordinary people can make long-lasting words, though. In 1924, a competition (比赛) was held to make a word for a drinker of illegal liquor (非法出售的酒). A prize of US $200 was offered, and there were reportedly over 25,000 suggestions. The winners were Henry Irving Dale and Kate L. Butler, who both came up with "scofflaw". And that word exists in American English to this day, in the rather wider sense "someone who disobeys the law".

What can we learn from the text？

A．It is the duty of specialists to make new words.

B．People are encouraged to make new words.

C．Words evolve faster than animals and plants.

D．New words are usually made by chemists.