A.hearingB.sharingC.bearingD.caring

A、abstain

B、motion

C、second

D、hearing

A.visual and auditory information in the surroundings

B.meaningful processing of relevant information

C.rapid calculating of the possibility of an event

D.quickly reaching the threshold of decision—making

根据下列材料，请回答下列各题 The relentless march of technology into everyday life has always given rise to debate about whether it is a good or a bad thing．Some believe that the Internet and computer software are making humans more stupid or shallow．But others argue that computer programs in the form. of video games can make people smarter or improve specific skills，suchas spatial awareness． Shawn Green and Alexandre Pouget，from the University of Rochester，in New York state，set out to find an answer．Their study，reported in Current Biology，involved a number of experiments．In one，the participants had to watch 12 dots moving randomly on a screen and quickly assess their aggregate direction of movement．Another test asked participants to work out the direction of specific sounds embedded within stereo white noise．In both tests the video．gamers did better．However，the scientists were aware that gamers could have been born with improved abilities to perform. such tasks，which were possibly what attracted them to gaming in the first place．Consequently，a third test was necessary to see if these abilities could have been learnt． The non．gaming volunteers were put through 50 hours of video—game training．For some this involved playing fast-action shoot-em-up games such as“Call of Duty 2”and“Unreal Tournament”．but others were given a slow-moving life—strategy game，“The Sims 2”．The researchers found that those trained with action games raised their performance to the level of the experienced garners．Moreover，they were more efficient in their use of visual or auditory evidence than those playing with the Sims． The researchers conclude that fast action video-games players develop an enhanced sensitivity to what is going on around them and that this may help with activities such as multitasking，driving，reading small print，navigation and keeping track of friends or children in a crowd．The precise neural mechanism for this effect，however，is still unknown． What is known is that people make decisions based on probabilities that are constantly being calculated and refined in their heads--something called“probabilistic inference”．The brain collects small pieces of information，eventually gathering enough to make an accurate decision．When driving a car，for example，many probabilities will be collated to make decisions such as whether or not to brake．The more efficient someone is at coUecting visual and auditory information，the faster he can reach the threshold needed to make a decision． Shawn Green，Alexandre Pouget suggest that reaction times in the population will probably improve with the rise of fast—action videO—games．There are a lot of players：last year a report estimated that 67％of American households contained at least one video-gamer．And if video—gamers are really better equipped to make quick decisions．they might also turn out to be better drivers and end up in fewer accidents．However，the notion that gamers acquire some minor physical skills may not pacify concerned parents．What，after all，of the skills they are not acquiring when shooting virtual cops instead of reading or talking？ The problem of first two experiments lies in that______．

A.they are too simple to support researchers’assumption

B.they do lead to unambiguous conclusion

C.they focus on irrelevant skills of participants

D.they do not seperate video-gamers from non-gamers

A.The employer．

B.Public at large．

C.The customers．

D.The policy-makers．

A.people’s judgment on looking varies greatly

B.people’s judgment on looking is generally the same

C.beauty is in the eye of the beholder

D.judgment on looking depends on your relationship with the person

B.extent

C.group

D.range

A.escape into the wild to breed abundantly

B.break the rule of natural selection

C.generate unknown harm to human body

D.replace natural fish as a result of less predator

A.FDA has not approved the selling of genetically modified food and animals until 2009．

B.Aqua Bounty is behind Terry Bradley in submitting the application for approval oftheir recent studies．

C.The creation of Belgian blue has provided scientists with necessary genetic information to create double-muscled fish．

D.Consumers are SO concerned with what they put into their mouth that nobody can influence their decision about what to buy．

根据以下资料，回答下列各题：Directions： The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order．For Questions 41-45，you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box．The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes．Mark your answers Oil the ANSWER SHEET．(10 points) A．So what do we do to be safer？ Many smart people have tackled this question．Peter Pronovost at Johns Hopkins developed a checklist shown to bring hospital-acquiredinfections down to close to zero．There are rules against disturbing nurses while they dispense medications and software that warns doctors when patients’prescriptions will interact badly．There are policies designed to empower nurses to confront doctors if they see something wrong，even if a senior doctor is at fault． B．Here’S one theory．It is a given that American doctors perform. a staggering number oftests and procedures，far more than in other industrialized nations．and far more than we used to．Since 1996，the percentage of doctor visits leading to at least five drugs being prescribed has nearly tripled．and the number of M．R．I．scans quadrupled． C．Doctors make mistakes．They may be mistakes of technique，judgment.ignorance or even，sometimes，recklessness．Regardless of the cause，each time a mistake happens。 a patient may suffer．We fail to uphold our profession’s basic oath：“First．do no harm．” D．Herein lies a stunning irony．Defensive medicine is rooted in the goal of avoiding mistakes．But each additional procedure or test，no matter how cautiously performed，injects a fresh possibility of error．CT and M．R．I．scans can lead to false positives and unnecessary operations，which carry the risk of complications like infections and bleeding．The more medications patients are prescribed．the more likely they are to accidentally overdose or suffer an allergic reaction。 E．According to a l999 report by the Institute of Medicine，as many as 98.000 Americans were dying every year because of medical mistakes．Today，exact figures are hard to come by because states don’t abide by the same reporting guidelines，and few cases gain as much attention as that of Rory Staunton，the l2一year—old boy who died of septic shock this spring after being sent home from a New York hospital．But a reasonable estimate is that medical mistakes now kill around 200，000 Americans every year．That would make them one of the leading causes of death in the United States．Why have these mistakes been so hard to prevent？ F．What may be even more important is remembering the limits of our power．More--more procedures，more testing，more treatment--is not always better．In l979，Stephen Bergman，under the pen name Dr．Samuel Shem，published rules for hospitals in his caustically humorous novel，The House of God．Rule N0．13 reads：“The delivery ofmedical care is to do as much nothing as possible．”First．do no harm． G．Certainly many procedures，tests and prescriptions are based on legitimate need．But many are not．In a recent anonymous survey，oIrthopedic surgeons said 24 percent of the tests they ordered were medically unnecessary．This kind of treatment is a form. of defensive medicine，meant less to protect the patient than to protect the doctor orhospital against potential lawsuits． ___________