National culture has various impacts on corporate culture.

ntry. It has no influence on the corporate culture.()

The tourist industry has played a positive role in____________(满足公众的文化需求), carrying forward national culture and achieving the sustainable development of resources.

the population… they are within the larger world of our national culture" (Komarovsky & Sargent, 1949, p.143).

A、mainstream / dominant culture

B、subculture

C、physical culture

D、popular culture

has no established culture of cycling as a transport option, is one of the countries now keen to change that. It is spending S＄43million on bike lanes and cycling facilities as part of a national cycling plan.

A、Han Chinese clothing (汉服）has become more and more popular in some community activities of young people.

B、A large number of young people are seen in TV programs exhibiting their knowledge of Chinese ancient poems.

C、The number of women dancing in the square with the folk music has increased a lot.

D、Young people are increasingly interested in practising calligraphy and Chinese painting.

s recently by an aboriginal (土著). "He fell in love with our country, our culture and especially our rock art," said Mick Alderson, the Aboriginal chairman of Kakadu National Park's board of management. "Perhaps, more importantly, he also fell in love with our people. This was based on respect for our people and their knowledge. In turn, George has our respect--more than any other European I know."

Alderson's praise was read out at a party to mark 65-year-old Chaloupka’s retirement from the Northern Territory Museum and Art Gallery. Chaloupka was the dedicated amateur who discovered thousands of previously unidentified rock art sites across Arnhem Land. From them, he formulated the definite time sequence of those paintings, lending evidence to a much earlier aboriginal occupation of Australia than previously imagined. He fought the over-exploitation of the mineral-rich region, resulting in the establishment of Kakadu National Park. His work recognized the art on the rock walls as the world's oldest existing record of human expression, created thousands of years before the first designs were painted on the torch-lit cave walls of Europe.

George has the respect from the aboriginals because ______.

A．he has found the rock paintings for them

B．he is an amateur who has the achievement of a professional

C．he respects them and their culture

D．he falls in love with them

ctors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether the commentator is North American or Puerto Rican. Many North American social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Oscar Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. Such a "sociodemographic" approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantage and inevitable cultural integration, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike their European predecessors, coming from a nation politically subordinated to the United States. Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illustrate the cultural subordination if Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.

In contrast, the "colonialist" approach of island-based writers such as Eduardo SedaBonilla, Manuel Maldonado-Denis, and Luis Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal contest with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of cultural accommodation among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings of Eugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico's commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the subjugation of colonial nationalities.

This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlooking the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history. They pose the clash of national culture as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiated. Yet both the Puerto Rican and North American traditions have been subject to constant challenge from cultural forces within their own societies, forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere "assimilation". Consider, for example, the indigenous and AfroCaribbean traditions in Puerto Rican culture and how they influence and are influenced by other Caribbean cultures and Black cultures in the United States. The elements of coercion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework, play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same social class.

The author's main purpose is to ______.

A．criticize the emphasis on social standing in discussions of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States

B．support the thesis that assimilation has not been a benign process for Puerto Ricans

C．defend a view of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans that emphasizes the preservation of national culture

D．indicate deficiencies in two schools if thoughts in the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States

The tension in the Middle East has attracted much attention. The terms of the contract must be clear, definite, certain and complete. Unless these issues are addressed as a matter of urgency, the consequent de-motivation of staff will undoubtedly have a negative impact on the performance of the company. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. The big company has its disadvantages. Managing multinationals means handling both national and organizational culture differences at the same time. The main difficulty is the shortage of funds, teachers and teaching materials. We thank you very much for the warm hospitality accorded to our trade delegation during this visit to your country and for the close co-operation in the business discussions. With respect to manuscripts and pictures that are provided by the Chinese party, without the consent of the Chinese Party, the other party may not transfer the copyright, or extend the use thereof, or extend the areas where they shall be distributed. A big family has its difficulties.

s of many people in many countries．However，one country resisted these changes．High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia，the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate．Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years．Bhutan，however，was a poor country．People died at a young age．Most of its people could not read，and they did not know much about the outside world．Then，in 1972，a Dew ruier named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas．He saw that most countries measured tnmrprogress by their Gross National Product(GNP)．The GNP measures products and money．When the number of Droducts sold increases people say the country is making progress．King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan．He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness．If the people’s happiness increased，the king could say that Bhutan was making progress．To decide if people were happier，he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GN H)． GN H is based on certain principles that create happiness．People are happier if they have health care．education，and jobs．They are happier when they live in a healthy，protected environment．They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs．Finally，people are happier when they have a good，stable government． Now this is some evidence of increased GN H in Bhutan．People are healthier and are living longer． More people are educated and employed．Twenty—five percent of the land has become national parks，and the country has almost no pollution．The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs．Bhutan has also become a democracy．In 2008，King Wang chuck gave his power to his son．Although the country still had a king，it held its first democratic elections that year．Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time．Finally，Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet． Bhutan is a symbol for social progress．Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH． These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness．They want to create new policies that take care of their people，cultures，and land． Brazil nlay be the next country to use the principles of GNH．Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration．Brazil is a large country with a diverse population．If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil，perhaps the rest of the world will follow． {TS}Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck？

A. A Dresident．

B. A Buddhist priest．

C. A general．

D. A king．

Gross National Happiness

In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. Howev-er, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist (佛教) culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new rulernamed King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.

King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country's progress by people's happiness. If the people's happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH).

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.

Now this is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan's GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new poli-cies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.

Brazil may be the next country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck？

A.A president

B.A Buddhist priest

C.A general

D.A king