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提问人：网友liuxuxu 发布时间：2022-01-07

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Passage Three Since software piracy （盗版) is an i...

Passage Three Since software piracy (盗版) is an international issue, it’s possible that politics play a role as well. According to the BSA, the United States experiences a lower rate of software piracy than other nations. The United States also produces much of the software used throughout the world. Citizens of some countries may feel that it’s permissible to steal software because it’s a product of a large, wealthy nation that’s already a dominant power in the world. Others may steal software with a sense of nationalistic pride — if their culture views the United States in a negative light, stealing from the country may seem like a good thing. Psychologists at the University of Notre Dame suggest that the computer creates a “psychological distance” between the pirate and his or her victim. The computer appears to act like an ethical filter. The act of piracy doesn’t seem to carry with it any consequences. The pirate doesn’t see the harm in his or her actions and the likelihood of getting caught is low. The nature of the Internet seems to play a part, too. It’s easy to access pirated software. The Internet also gives users a sense of anonymity (匿名), which in turn can reduce a person’s sense of accountability (责任). When given the chance to grab something valuable for nothing with little to no risk of being caught, it’s easy to understand why some people will pirate software. 34. The “psychological distance” in the second paragraph means ______.

A、the pirated software users’ subjective thinking about the consequences of piracy

B、the possibility of being caught for using pirated software

C、the relationship between the people involved in piracy and the victims

D、how the pirated software users think of the victims

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第1题

Passage Three

When jack Davis, 9, looks up at the night sky, he doesn’t see just the stars. He sees his future. The fourth grader from New Jersey has a deep interest in outer space and the alien(外星的) beings he thinks might live there.

In July, Jack heard that NASA was looking for a new planetary protection officer and decided he was the right person for the job. The position, which focuses on preventing astronauts from accidentally bringing extremely small, potentially dangerous alien life-forms back to Earth and ensuring that astronauts do not take Earth-based germs with them into space, pays from $124,406 to $187,000 per year.

Jack wrote a letter to NASA, noting his qualifications for the job. “My sister says I am an alien,” Jack wrote, pointing out that since he is young, he can “learn to think like an alien.” He signed the letter “Jack Davis, Guardian of the Galaxy.” Within days, Jack received a personal letter from NASA’s planetary science director, James L. Green. “We are always looking for bright future scientists and engineers to help us,” Green wrote.”I hope you will study hard and do well in school. We hope to see you here at NASA one of these days!” Jack said he was “shocked” when Green’s response arrived. “I shouted, I got a letter from NASA!” Green says he loves to answer letters from children. He calls his response a “gravity assist.” Spacecraft use gravity assistance from objects like planets and moons to help power the craft toward another celestial(天上的) body. Green hopes a reply can influence a person’s path in life in a similar way.

26. Which of the following can best describe Jack Davis？

A.Mature

B.Curious.

C.Talented

D.Honest

What is the job responsibility of the planetary protection officer？A.To ensure the mental and physical health of the astronauts

B.To protect Earth from possible alien attacks in the future

C.To keep harmful substances form spreading between Earth and outer space

E.To study the unknown substances astronauts brought back to Earth

In the last paragraph, the author intends to _____.A.Support Green for using gravity assist in projects.

B.Introduce the concept of gravity assist

C.Guide young people by giving them a gravity assist

D.Explain how Green’s letter serves as a gravity assist

In this letter, Jack explains that his strength lies in his _____A.Personality

B.Appearance

C.Hobby

D.Age

In his response to the boy, James Green _____.A.Encourages Jack to be a future NASA scientist

B.Invites Jack to visit NASA as soon as possible

C.Tells Jack NASA’s requirements for scientists

D.Offers to provide training for Jack at NASA

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第2题

Passage One Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Immigration poses two main challenges for the rich world’s governments. One is how to manage the inflow (流入) of migrants; the other, how to integrate those who are already there. Whom, for example, to allow in? Already, many governments have realized that the market for top talent is global and competitive. Led by Canada and Australia, they are redesigning migration policies not just to admit, but actively to attract highly skilled immigrants. Germany, for instance, tentatively introduced a green card of its own two years ago for information-technology staff. Whereas the case for attracting the highly skilled is fast becoming conventional wisdom, a thornier issue is what to do about the unskilled. Because the difference in earnings is greatest in this sector, migration of the unskilled delivers the largest global economic gains. Moreover, wealthy, well-educated, ageing economies create lots of jobs for which their own workers have little appetite. So immigrants tend to cluster at the upper and lower ends of the skill spectrum. Immigrants either have university degrees or no high-school education. Mr. Smith’s survey makes the point: Among immigrants to America, the proportion with a postgraduate education, at 21%, is almost three times as high as in the native population; equally, the proportion with less than nine years of schooling, at 20%, is more than three times as high as that of the native-born. All this means that some immigrants do far better than others. The unskilled are the problem. Research by George Boras, a Harvard University professor whose parents were unskilled Cuban immigrants, has drawn attention to the fact that the unskilled account for a growing proportion of America’s foreign-born. Newcomers without high-school education not only drag down the wages of the poorest Americans; their children are also disproportionately likely to fail at school. These youngsters are there to stay. “The toothpaste is out of the tube,” says Mark Krikorian, executive director of the Centre for Immigration Studies. And their numbers will grow. Because the rich world’s women spurn motherhood, immigrants give birth to many of the rich world’s babies. Foreign mothers account for one birth in five in Switzerland and one in eight in Germany and Britain. If these children grow up underprivileged and undereducated, they will create a new underclass that may take many years to emerge from poverty. For Europe, immigration creates particular problems. Europe needs it even more than the United States because the continent is ageing faster than any other region. Immigration is not a permanent cure (immigrants grow old too), but it will buy time. And migration can “grease the wheels” of Europe’s sclerotic (硬化的) labor markets, argues Tito Boeri in a report published in July. However, thanks to the generosity of Europe’s welfare states, migration is also a sort of tax on immobile labor. And the more immobile Europeans are — the older, the less educated — the more xenophobic (恐惧外国人的) they are too. Q：It has become a generally accepted view that the rich governments should ________.

A、introduce green cards of their own countries

B、introduce skilled immigrants proportionately

C、create more jobs for the unskilled immigrants

D、try to admit and attract highly-skilled immigrants

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第3题

Even at times when I’ve been between a rock and a hard place , I will always put our customers and staff first. "between a rock and a hard place" means ( two good possibilities).

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第4题

2. The Act 4 Scene 1 is the famous court scene which reflects many of the themes, such as prejudice and intolerance, greedy vs. _______.

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第5题

Which one is right about three methods of outlier mining?

A、Statistics-based approach is simple and fast but difficult to deal with periodicity data and categorical data.

B、The efficiency of distance-based approach is low for the great data set in high dimensional space.

C、Distance-based approach cannot be used in multidimensional data set.

D、Density-based approach spends low cost on searching neighborhood.

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第6题

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. ［A］ abilities ［I］ extent ［B］ achieve ［J］ indicates ［C］ appeal ［K］ proceeds ［D］ complaints ［L］ psychological ［E］ contributions ［M］ raised ［F］ displayed ［N］ smart ［G］ essentially ［O］ standard ［H］ eventually

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第7题

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Since the beginning of the Internet era，it has been widely accepted that when you join an online company，whatever data you put into it belongs to you.

That means you can sign up for one kind of email，import your contacts into that system，and if you later decide to switch to some other email service，you can export all your contacts from the first service into the new one.You can use Microsoft’s Hotmail，then move to Yahoo Mail，then to Google’s Gmail.Or you can have accounts on three services and keep all your contacts in each one.

That’ the way things were — until Facebook appeared. Facebook took a different approach Until recently, everything you put into Facebook could not be exported anywhere. In effect, you didn’t own your data. Facebook did.

Of course this is rubbish.The reality is that Facebook wants to make it difficult，if not impossible，for you to leave.

Now that policy has sparked a fight between Google and Facebook.Google is angry because its users can，and often do，export their Gmail contact information into Facebook.But those people can’t bring Facebook information back into Gmail.

Earlier this month Google declared it would block exports of its data to Facebook.In a shameless move，Facebook broke through Google’s roadblock so its users could keep pulling data from Google.

Google said it was “disappointed’’ with Facebook’s behavior.It also created a warning screen to tell Gmail users that if they export their information to Facebook they won’t get it back.

Basically，Facebook’s position with major IT companies is this：if you want access to all the information we’ve collected，strike a deal with us.Microsoft and Yahoo have done that，and now，like magic，they can export Facebook contact information into their systems，while Google still can’t.

Remember the early days of the Net，when everything was going to be open and flee？ That was great until people realized that their user data could be turned into gold.Now there are billions involved，and nobody is playing nice anymore.

31.Before Facebook appeared，people_______.

A.had a limited number of accounts

B.enjoyed a completely free service

C.had limited access to their contacts

D.enjoyed full ownership of their data

Google is angry with Facebook due to the latter’s refusal to_______.A.let its users use Gmail

B.offer technical support

C.share user information

D.protect user information

The passage indicates that Microsoft and Yahoo have_______.A.agreed to side with Google

B.accepted Facebook’s terms

C.taken their own approaches

D.struck a deal with each other

According to the writer, the current state of the Net is_______.A.misleading

B.frustrating

C.promising

D.satisfying

It seems that Facebook’s approach makes the writer rather_______.A.annoyed

B.assured

C.puzzled

D.pleased

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