英译中：Fixed interval system（FIS)

A.AQS

B.FQS

C.HQS

D.WQS

A.Fixed Quantity System

B.Fixed Timing System

C.Fixed Channel System

D.Double-note system

file stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth's axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintain fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australia maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had and independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes it position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon's path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth's path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does, so they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

The ancient people believed that ______.

A．the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky

B．the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth

C．the patterns of stars on the sky would never change

D．the stars around the sky were not stationary

the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth’s axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintain fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australia maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had an independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however changes it position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and Set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon’s path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth’s path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does. So they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

The ancient people believed that

A．the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky.

B．the patterns of stars on the sky would never change.

C．the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth.

D．the stars around the sky were not stationary.

at a fixed interval, called a period (T ). The frequency (f ) is the rate at which it repeats itself and is measured in hertz (Hz). The relationship between f and T is expressed as follows: 2、In digital systems, all digital waveforms are synchronized with a basic timing waveform, called the clock. The clock is a periodic waveform. The clock waveform itself does not carry information.

Geography and Movement

To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth’s axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintains fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australian maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had and independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes it position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon’s path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth’s path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and the Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does, so they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

The ancient people believed that______.

A．the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky

B．the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth

C．the patterns of stars on the sky would never change

D．the stars around the sky were not stationary

3. History of the Solar Calendar A Solar Calendar is a way of measuring and recording periods of time.It takes for the Earth to revolve around the Sun. With the help of the solar calendar, we can predict the times in which the sun will set and rise every day throughout the course of the year as well as the occurence of Solar and Lunar Eclipses when it is compared to the Lunar Calendar. The solar calendar was first developed by the Egyptians who used the annual appearance of the Dog Star-Sirius , which coincided with the yearly flooding of the Nile River, as a fixed point. However, the Egyptians forgot to consider the extra fraction of a day in their 365 day calendar. Later, the Roman republic calendar, based on the Lunar Calendar of the ancient Greeks, was replaced by Julius Caesar in favour of the Julian Calendar. The Julian Calendar allowed for February’s leap year but made the solar year too long by adding a quarter of a day annually. By the 16th Century, the extra time accumulated to form an error of around 10 days which was corrected in the form of the current Gregorian Calendar. In the Western World, the definition of the year is based on the Earth’s revolution around the Sun and, therefore, is referred to as a “Solar Year”. However, several varieties of Solar years exist: A Tropical Year lasts 365.242199 days UT and the name refers to the changes of seasons (from the greek ‘tropai’ meaning “the turning points”) which are fixed in this kind of year. A Sidereal Year lasts 365.256366 days UT and is the interval between two successive passages of the Mean Sun at the same star. What is the difference between a Lunar and Solar Calendar？ There are 365 days in a solar calendar year and an additional day during leap years. In a Lunar calendar, there are 354 days and 384 in a leap year. A Lunar Calendar will shift very quickly in contrast to a solar calendar. 6. What is the difference between a Lunar and Solar Calendar？

A、There are 365 days in a solar calendar year.

B、In a Lunar calendar, there are 384 days.

C、A solar calendar will shift very quickly.

D、There is an additional day during solar year.