题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
参考答案
简答题官方参考答案
（由简答题聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答）
网友提供的答案
更多““The life of Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation.”contains examples of meta…”相关的问题
Harlem Renaissance(文艺复兴)—A Brief Introduction
Important Features
1. Harlem Renaissance (HR) is the name given to the period from the end of World War I and through the middle of the 1930s Depression, during which a group of talented African - American writers produced a sizable body of literature in the four prominent genres of poetry, fiction, drama, and essay.
2. The notion of "twoness" , a divided awareness of one's identity, was introduced by W. E.B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the author of the influential book The Souls of Black Folks (1903): "One ever feels his twoness—an American, a Negro; two souls two thoughts, two unreconciled stirrings: two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder."
3. Common themes: alienation, marginality, the use of folk material, the use of the blues tradition, the problems of writing for an elite audience.
4. HR was more than just a literary movement: it included racial consciousness, "the back to Africa" movement led by Marcus Garvey, racial integration, the explosion of music particularly jazz, spirituals and blues, painting, dramatic revues, and others.
A Chronology of Important Events and Publications
1919
- 369th Regiment marched up Fifth Avenue to Harlem, February 17.
- First Pan-African Congress organized by W. E. B. Du Bois, Paris, February.
- Race riots in Washington, D.C., Chicago, Charleston, Knoxville, Omaha, and elsewhere, June to September.
- Race Relations Commission founded, September.
- Benjamin Brawley published The Negro in Literature and Art in the United States.
1920
- Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Convention held at Madison Square Garden, August.
- Charles Gilpin starred in Eugene O'Neill, The Emperor Jones, November.
- James Weldon Johnson, first black officer (secretary) of NAACP appointed.
- Claude McKay published Spring in New Hampshire.
- Du Bois's Darkwater is published.
1921
- Marcus Garvey founded African Orthodox Church, September.
- Second Pan-African Congress.
- Colored Players Guild of New York founded.
- Benjamin Brawley published Social History of the American Negro.
1922
- First Anti -Lynching legislation approved by House of Representatives.
- Publications of The Book of American Negro Poetry edited by James Weldon Johnson; Claude McKay, Harlem
Shadows.
1923
- Claude McKay spoke at the Fourth Congress of the Third International in Moscow, June,
- Marcus Garvey arrested for mail fraud and sentenced to five years in prison.
- Third Pan-African Congress.
1924
- Civic Club Dinner, bringing black writers and white publishers together, March 21. This event is considered the for- real launching of the New Negro movement.
1925
- American Negro Labor Congress held in Chicago, October.
1927
- Marcus Garvey deported.
- Louis Armstrong in Chicago and Duke Ellington in New York began their careers.
- Publications of Hughes, Fine Clothes to the Jew.
1928
- Publications of Wallace Thurman, Harlem: A Forum of Negro Life; Du Bois, The Dark Princess.
1929
- Negro Experimental Theatre founded, February; Negro Art Theatre founded, June.
- Wallace Thurman's play Harlem, opens at the Apollo Theater on Broadway and becomes hugely successful.
- Black Thursday,
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
Harlem Renaissance—A Brief Introduction
Important Features
1. Harlem Renaissance(HR) is the name given to the period from the end of World War I and through the middle of the 1930s Depression, during which a group of talented African-American writers produced a sizable body of literature in the four prominent genres of poetry, fiction, drama, and essay.
2. The notion of "twoness", a divided awareness of one's identity, was introduced by W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP). and the author of the influential book The Souls of Black Folks(1903): "One ever feels his two-ness—an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled stirrings: two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being tom asunder."
3. Common themes: alienation, marginality, the use of folk material, the use of the blues tradition, the problems of writing for an Mite audience.
4. HR was more than just a literary movement: it included racial consciousness, "the back to Africa" movement led by Marcus Garvey, racial integration, the explosion of music particularly jazz, spirituals and blues, painting, dramatic revues, and others.
A Chronology of Important Events and Publications
1919
- 369th Regiment marched up Fifth Avenue to Harlem, February 17.
- First Pan African Congress organized by W.E.B. Du Bois, Paris, February.
- Race riots in Washington, D.C., Chicago, Charleston, Knoxville, Omaha, and elsewhere, June to September.
- Race Relations Commission founded, September.
- Benjamin Brawley published The Negro in Literature and Art in the United States.
1920
- Universal Negro Improvement Association(UNIA) Convention held at Madison Square Garden, August.
- Charles Gilpin starred in Eugene O'Neill, The Emperor Jones, November.
- James Johnson Johnson, first black officer(secretary) of NAACP appointed.
- Claude MeKay published Spring in New Hampshire.
- Du Bois's Durkwater is published.
1921
- Marcus Garvey founded African Orthodox Church, September.
- Second Pan African Congress.
- Colored Players Guild of New York founded.
- Benjamin Brawley published Social History of the American Negro.
1922
- First Anti-Lynching legislation approved by House of Representatives.
- Publications of The Book of American Negro Poetry edited by James Weldon Johnson; Claude McKay, Harlem Shadows.
1923
- Claude McKay spoke at the Fourth Congress of the Third International in Moscow, June.
- Marcus Garvey arrested for mail fraud and sentenced to five years in prison.
- Third Pan African Congress.
1924
- Civic Club Dinner, bringing black writers and white publishers together, March 21. This event is considered the formal launching of the New Negro movement.
1925
- American Negro Labor Congress held in Chicago, October.
1927
- Marcus Garvey deported.
- Louis Armstrong in Chicago and Duke Ellington in New York began their careers.
- Publications of Hughes, Fine Clothes to the Jew.
1928
- Publications of Wallace Thurman, Harlem: A Forum of Negro Life; Du Bois, The Dark Princess.
1929
- Negro Experimental Theatre founded, February; Negro art Theatre founded, June;
- Wallace Thurman's play Harlem, opens at the Apollo Theater on Broadway and becomes hugely successful.
- Black Thursday, October 29, Stock Exchange crash.
&n
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
【C1】
A．Inferior to
B．In contrast to
C．Similar to
D．Superior to
The literature of the Harlem Renaissance was, for the most part, the work of a race-conscious group. Through poetry, prose, and song, the writers cried out against social and economic wrongs. They protested against segregation and lynching. They demanded higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions of work. They stood for full social equality and first-class citizenship. The new vision of social and economic freedom which they had did not force them to embrace the several foreign ideologies that sought to sink their roots in some American groups during the period.
The writers of the Harlem Renaissance, bitter and cynical as some of them were, gave little attention to the propaganda of the socialists and communists. The editor of the Messenger ventured the opinion that the New Negro was the "product of the same world-wide forces that have brought into being the great liberal and radical movements that are now seizing the reins of power in all the civilized countries of the world." Such forces may have produced the New Negro, but the more articulate of the group did not resort to advocating the type of political action that would have subverted American constitutional government. Indeed, the writers of the Harlem Renaissance were protesting its inefficient operation. In this approach they proved as characteristically American as any writers of the period. Like his contemporaries, the Negro writer was merely becoming more aware of America's pressing problems; and like the others, he was willing to use his art, not only to contribute to the great body of American culture but to improve the culture of which he was a part.
It seems possible, moreover, for the historian to assign to the Negro writer a role that he did not assume. There were doubtless many who were not immediately concerned with the injustices heaped on the Negro. Some contrived their poems, novels, and songs merely for the sake of art, while others took up their pens to escape the sordid aspects of their writings, it is because the writings flow out of their individual and group experiences. This is not to say that such writings were not effective as protest literature, but rather that not all the authors were conscious crusaders for a better world. As a matter of fact, it was this detachment, this objectivity, that made it possible for many of the writers of the Harlem Renaissance to achieve a mobility of expression and a poignancy of feeling in their writings that placed them among the masters of recent American literature.
The author is primarily concerned with
A．analyzing stages in the development of the New Negro Movement into the Harlem Renaissance
B．arguing that the literature of the Harlem Renaissance arise from the willingness of black writers to portray their own lives
C．providing examples of the injustices protested by the writers of the Harlem Renaissance
D．describing the social and political background that led to the blossoming of the Harlem Renaissance
What is the talk mainly about？
A．Jazz musicians.
B．The origins of jazz.
C．The music style. of jazz.
D．The features of jazz.
Jazz is America's contribution to popular music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, expressing the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. Brash, uninhibited, exciting, it has a modem sound. In the 1920's jazz sounded like America. And so it does today.
The origins of this music are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was invented by American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, who were brought to the Southern states as slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. This work was hard and life was short. When a Negro died his .friends and relatives formed a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.
A band often accompanied the procession. On the way, to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. But on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everybody was happy. Death had removed one of their number, but the living were 'glad to be alive. The band played happy music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes presented at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form. of jazz. But there were other influences, too.
Music has always been important in Negro life. Coming mainly from West Africa, the blacks who were brought to America already possessed a irich musical tradition, This music centered on religious ceremonies in which .dancing, singing, clapping, and stamping to the beat of a drum were important forms of musical and rhythmic expression. As these people settled in to their new life in the plantations of the South, music retained its importance. In the fields, they made UP work songs. Singing made the hard work go faster. And as the people were converted to Christianity, they composed lovely spirituals which have become a permanent part of American music.
Another musical form. which contributed to jazz was the blues. Blues songs always describe something sad — an unhappy love affair, a money problem, bad luck. To this day, the expression "feeling blue" mean being sad or depressed.
In fact, there was hardly any activity or social event that could not be set to music, Weddings, births, christenings, funerals, picnics, parades — all had their musical accompaniment.
After the American Civil War, the Negroes had gained their freedom and were ready for a new type of music, one that would preserve their musical, traditions but be fast and happy to express their new-found freedom. They wanted something they could play as professional
musicians for both black and white audiences. Jazz was the answer. It combined themes from Negro work songs, spirituals and blues, set to a fast beat, with the musicians improvising as they went along, like the funeral marching bands. To be good, a musician had not only to remember his part but also to be able to invent new variations on the spur of the moment.
Jazz belongs to the people, but popular taste is changeable. Jazz has to keep up to date. Over the last half century it has changed many times in form, style, and tempo. Each change added something new.
This passage is primarily concerned with______.
A．the history of Jazz
B．the themes of pop music
C．the varieties of world music
D．the importance of music in everyday life
Negroes were not served there, I was told, and they had been waiting for me to realize that I was always the only Negro present. Once I was told this, I determined to go there all the time. But now they were ready for me and, though some dreadful scenes were subsequently enacted in that restaurant, I never ate there again.
It was same story all over New Jersey, in Bars, bowling alleys, diners, places to live. I was always being forced to leave, silently, or with mutual imprecations. I very shortly became notorious and children giggled behind me when I passed and their elders whispered or shouted -- they really believed that I was mad. And it did begin to work on my mind, of course; I began to be afraid to go anywhere and to compensate for this I went places to witch I really should not have gone and where, God knows, I had no desire to be. My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble. I cannot say that these acrobatics night, with But one aim: to eject me. I was fired once, and contrived, with tile aid of a friend from New York, to get back on the payroll; was fired again, and bounced back again. It took a while to fire me for the third time, but the third time took. There were no loopholes anywhere. There was not even any way of getting back inside the gates.
That year in New Jersey lives in my mind as though it were the year during which, having an unsuspected predilection for it, I first contracted some dread, chronic disease, the unfailing symptom of which is kind of blind fever, a pounding in the skull and fire in the bowels. Once this disease is contracted, one can never be really carefree again, for the fever, with- out an instant’s warning, can recur at any moment. It can wreck more. important race relations. There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his Blood -- one has the choice, mere]y, of living with it consciously or surrendering to it. As for me, this fever has recurred in me, and does, and will until the day I die.
My last night in New Jersey, a white friend from New York took me to the nearest Big town, Trenton, to go to the movies and have a few drinks. As it turned out, he also saved me from, at the very least, a violent whipping. Almost every de- tail of that night stands out very clearly in my memory. I even remember the name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so partly ironical. It wa
A．derogatory
B．ironical
C．appreciative
D．neutral
It was same story all over New Jersey, in bars, bowling alleys, diners, and places t0 live. I was always being forced to leave, silently, or with mutual imprecations. I very shortly became notorious and children giggled behind me when I passed and their elders whispered or shouted--they really believed that I was mad. And it did begin to work on my mind, of course.
I began to be afraid to go anywhere and to compensate for this I went places to which I really should not have gone and where, God knows, I had no desire to be. My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble. I cannot say that these acrobatics night, with but one aim: to eject me. I was fired once, and contrived, with the aid of a friend from New York, to get back on the payroll; was fired again, and bounced back again. It took a while to fire me for the third time, but the third time took me. There were no loopholes anywhere. There was not even any way of getting back inside the gates.
That year in New Jersey lives in my mind as though it were the year during which, having an unsuspected predilection for it, I first contracted some dread, chronic disease, the unfailing symptom of which is a kind of blind fever, a pounding in the skull and fire in the bowels. Once this disease is contracted, one can never be really carefree again, for the fever, without an instant’s warning, can recur at any moment. It can wreck more important race relations. There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his blood--one has the choice, merely, of living with it consciously or surrendering to it. As for me, this fever has recurred in me, and does, and will until the day I die.
My last night in New Jersey, a white friend from New York took me to the nearest big town, Trenton, to go to the movies and have a few drinks. As it turned out, he also saved me from, at the very least, a violent whipping. Almost every detail of that night stands out very clearly in my memory. I even remember the name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so pertly ironical. It was a movie abou
A．derogatory
B．ironical
C．appreciative
D．neutral
Why did the writer stop in front of the store？
A．He wanted to take some clothes to be cleaned.
B．He was thinking about his boyhood.
C．He was looking for a good place to eat.
D．He wanted to buy some fresh bread.
警告：系统检测到您的账号存在安全风险
为了保护您的账号安全，请在“简答题”公众号进行验证，点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证，验证成功后方可继续查看答案！
