Her successes were largely _______________ diligence.

A、She had multiple broken bones.

B、There were deep indentations of finger nails on her neck.

C、Her head fell off when the body was moved.

D、Her body was not found in the room.

sses, Citysearch, came out when people needed web pages. GoTo.com, which we (5)_________ actually at TED in 1998 was when companies were looking for cost-effective ways to get traffic.

sults in the last quarter of the twentieth century; women have secured positions as research scientists and won recognition and promotion within their fields. Though the modern struggle for equality in scientific fields is the same in many ways as it was in the early part of the century, it is also different. The women who first began undertaking careers in science had little support from any part of the society in which they lived. This vanguard had to struggle alone against the social conditioning they had received as women members of that society and against the male-dominated scientific community.

Women scientific researchers made a seemingly auspicious beginning. In the first quarter of the twentieth century, some women scientists who engaged in research worked at the most prestigious institutes of the period and enjoyed more career mobility than women researchers would experience again for several decades. Florence Sabin, an anatomist at the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research noted for her research on the lymphatic system, is one important example. This encouraging beginning, however, was not to be followed by other successes for many decades. To have maintained an active role in research institutions, women would have had to share some of the decision-making power: they needed to be part of hiring, promotion, and funding decisions. Unfortunately, these early women scientists were excluded from the power structure of scientific research. As a result, they found it almost impossible to provide opportunities for a younger set of female colleagues seeking employment in a research setting, to foster their productivity and facilitate their career mobility, and eventually to allow them access to the top ranks.

Even those with very high professional aspirations accepted subordinate status as assistants if doing so seemed necessary to gain access to research positions—and too often these were the only positions offered them in their chosen careers. Time and again they pulled back from offering any real resistance or challenge to the organizational structure that barred their advancement. But we must remember that these women scientists were few in number, their participation in decision, making positions was virtually nil, and their political clout was minimal. Thus they could easily become highly visible targets for elimination from the staff, especially if their behavior. was judged in the least imprudent.

Women's awareness that they were unequal colleagues, included in professional settings only on the sufferance of male colleagues, who held the positions of power, conflicted with their belief in meritocracy. They wanted to believe that achieving persons would be welcomed for their abilities and contributions. Yet they were surrounded by evidence to the contrary. An assistant professor of zoology observed that the men who were heads of departments were insistent on having other men in the department, they told her that women ought to be satisfied teaching high school. She relates that, during her ten years in the department, men were given at least six positions that she was qualified for and wanted desperately, but for which she was not even considered because she was a woman.

The primary purpose of the passage is to ______.

A．explain a situation

B．refute an argument

C．propose a change

D．honor an achievement

The author and her sister didnt make much contact with their father because

A．they didn"t love him very much.

B．he was busy in making a living.

C．their mother didn"t allow them to do so.

D．they were expected to love their stepfather.

Beauty

Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability(不利因素).

While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.

Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.

Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability to factors such as luck.

All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable titan the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.

Why are attractive women not thought to be able？ An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.

This is true even in politics. "When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently. " says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.

The passage is mainly about:

A．Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy.

B．Beauty is a positive factor for woman on her way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a man.

C．Why are attractive women not thought to be able？

D．To women, beauty can become a disadvantage in the executive circle.

听力原文：M：How long did the exam take，Mary？

W：We were allowed two hours，but I finished in less than half the time．My desk-mate Jean handed in her paper just in time．

Q：How much time did the woman take for the exam？

(19)

A．Half an hour.

B．Less than an hour.

C．One hour.

D．Two hours.

听力原文：W: I wish my hair were longer.

M: Yes, what a pity you had it cut. If only you'd listened to me.

What can we learn from the dialogue？

A．The woman followed the man's advice.

B．The woman is wearing long hair now.

C．The man didn't want the woman to have her hair cut.

D．The man showed indifference to the woman's hair.

根据下列文章,请回答 36～40 题。

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale was born in Florence，Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe。As a child，she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages．

When Nightingale was l 7，she told her family that she was going to help sick people．Her parents did not approve。but Nightingale was determined．

She traveled to hospitals all over Europe．She saw that doctors were working too hard．She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care．Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people．

Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more，they needed special training in how to take care of sick people．Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursin9．Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness．These women cared for sick people in their homes．

In l 854．England was fighting a war with Russia．War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded．People demanded that something be done about it．A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals．S0，in November l 854，Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital．

She took alon9 38 nurses whom she had trained herself．

At first．the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals．They did not believe that women could help．But in fact，the nurses did make a difference．They worked around the clock，tending the sick．Thanks to their hard work，many wounded soldiers survived．

After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes．Finally, in l 860，she started the Nightingale School for Nurses In time．thanks to Florence Nightingale，nursing became an important part of medicine．

第 36 题 Florence Nightingale was born into a rich

A．Italian family．

B．Russian family．

C．English family．

D．German family．

A、A 　　Coaching involves two or more people sitting down together to talk through issues that have come up recently at work, and analysing how they were managed and how they might be dealt with more effectively on subsequent occasions. Coaching thus transfers skills and information from one person to another in an on-the-job situation so that the work experience of the coach is used to advise and guide the individual being coached. It also allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a non-threatening atmosphere.

B、B 　　Coaching means influencing the learner's personal development, for example his or her confidence and ambition. It can take place any time during an individual's career. Coaching is intended to assist individuals to function more effectively, and it is a powerful learning model. It begins where skills-based training ends, and helps individuals to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day work and management situations. Individuals being coached are in a demanding situation with their coach, which requires them to consider their own behaviour and question their reasons for doing things.

C、C 　　The coach professionally assists the career development of another individual, outside the normal manager/subordinate relationship. In theory, the coaching relationship should provide answers to every problem, but in practice it falls short of this. However, it can provide a space for discussion and feedback on topics such as people management and skills, behaviour patterns, confidence-building and time management. Through coaching, an organisation can meet skills shortages, discuss targets and indicate how employees should deal with challenging situations, all at short notice.

D、D Effective coaches are usually those who get satisfaction from the success of others and who give time to the coaching role. Giving people coaching responsibilities can support their development, either by encouraging management potential through small-scale one-to-one assignments, or by providing added job satisfaction to managers who feel they are stuck in their present jobs. A coach is also a confidential adviser, accustomed to developing positive and effective approaches to complex management, organisational and change problems.

Directions： Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the word bank. Each word can be used only once. A) spoiled B) crippled C) hindered D) surrounded E) legal F) permissive G) catalog H) ongoing I) appetites J) outline K) submitted L) profile M) committed N) echoed O) responded The idea for the book Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone came to J. K. Rowling in 1990. It took her five years to finish writing it. In accordance with her 1) ________, during those seven years she had a number of jobs, including one job as an English teacher in Portugal. Rowling 2) _________ the book to four publishers before one of them bought it. She was very happy to sell her book because it was her life’s dream to be a published writer. Before she sold her book, Rowling was financially 3) ________, living in a small apartment with her daughter without heat in the winter. Harry Potter became very successful with children and adults in England since it satisfied their 4) _______. The book also became very popular overseas. For example, once it came to the United States, it was immediately 5) ________ by many crazy readers. Her second and third books 6) ________ this popularity as well. The three books soon filled the top three places on many newspapers’ 7) _________ of best-sellers. Then the books were made into movies, which were undoubtedly in 8) _______ demand. Rowling’s life had changed significantly, in just three years. Not being 9) _________, Harry Potter soon sold more than 30 million books around the world and was translated into more than thirty-five languages. In 1997, she earned £70 a week. By the end of 2001, her 10) ________ income had mounted over £150 million, making her one of the most successful female writers of all time.