题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A、flawed
B、 deficient
C、 inefficient
D、effective
简答题官方参考答案
（由简答题聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答）
更多“It is important to understand that a repeat of the crisis cannot be averted without a”相关的问题
Sorry, but something important has______and I' 11 have to ring you back.
A．come off
B．come up
C．come across
D．come down
The 1927 study case described in the second paragraph is used to ______.
A．illustrate the usefulness of management theorists
B．demonstrate the efficiency of management theorists
C．show the important role of psychologists
D．reveal the flexibility of the workers
What is the passages main idea？
A．Thousands of people were punished because of salt.
B．The uses and importance of salt in history.
C．Salt was important in history.
D．Nobody knows when salt began to be used.
根据下列材料，请回答题
Messages from the Media
1 The weather forecast，a story about the candidates in an election，and movie reviews are exam pies of messages from the media．A communication medium，of which the plural（复数的）form. is media，is a means of communicating a message．Examples of media are television，radi0，news．papers and books and the telephone．The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media．
2 It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media．Every day we get hundreds of them．Think about advertisements，for example．We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we 90？Advertisements are important messages，even though they are sometime nnoying．They help US compare and evaluate Droducts．
3 Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom．Think for a moment．About how You learn about local news and events．Do Y。u depend on other people or the media？ What about international news？ what is the most important source。Of information for you ？People who are asked this question usually answer，“Television”．
4 Think。fall the messages You received today．Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast， or maybe you read advertisements Off billboards（露天广告牌）on your way to sch001．Did voulis．ten t。a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio。this morning？ Right n。w y。u are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication a book．
5 We use the information we get from radi0，television，newspapers，and other media make decisions and form. opinions．That is why the mass media are so important．Editorials and articles in newspapers help US decide how to vote，consumer reports on television help us decide how to
spend our money，and international news on the radio makes US think and form. opinions about
question of war and peace．
Paragraph 2 ___________ 查看材料
A.Importance of Classroom Learning．
B.Television A Rich Source of Information.
C.Advertisements as important Messages from the Mass Media．
D.Various Messages One May Receive Each Day．
E.Media Means to Communicate Messages
F.Importance of the Mass media.
Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Is teaching important？ Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children ca~ attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.
In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible ”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed u teaching important information to the young. Teachers’ salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The public expects “quality people ” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.
第11题：Before the job of teaching came into being, _________
A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people C. young people had had to be self—educated D. the society had played an important role in educating young people
听力原文： We don't know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to keep the dead from decaying.
Stealing salt was considered a major crime during some periods of history. In the 18th century, for instance, if a person was caught stealing salt, he could be put in jail. History records that about ten thousand people were put in jail that century for stealing salt. About 150 years before, in the year 1533, taking more than one's share of salt was punishable as a crime. The offender's ear was cut off!
Salt was an important item on the table of a king. It was traditionally placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. Important guests at the king's table were seated near the salt. Less important guests were given seats far away from it.
(33)
A．To keep fish alive.
B．To punish criminals.
C．To preserve dead bodies.
D．To help heal wounds.
Is teaching important？ Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children ca~ attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.
In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible ”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed u teaching important information to the young. Teachers’ salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The public expects “quality people ” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.
第11题：Before the job of teaching came into being, _________
A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people C. young people had had to be self—educated D. the society had played an important role in educating young people
听力原文： Mr. Foster started his publishing business with only one magazine. It was called "World news". Mostly it had summaries of important week events from around the world. But it always included one or two stories shout interesting people. Mr. Foster put these in because he believed all people like to read about other people. Several years ago, Mr. Foster started two other magazines. One was called "Enterprise". It is for business people. And the other was called "Action", for sportsmen. Like "World news'. They always have two or three stories a bout interesting people. Five years ago, Mr. Foster got another idea for a magazine. He wanted this one to have even more stories about people than the others and to have more photographs. This one was named "Faces and Places" from the very beginning, it was u big success.
(34)
A．He was good at writing about interesting people.
B．It was much easier to write stories about people.
C．He believed that people are always easier to learn about other people.
D．He thought people played an important role in world events.
Following the end of World War U, substantial changes were undertaken in Japan to liberate the individual from authoritarian restraints. The new democratic value system was accepted by many teachers, students, intellectuals, and old liberals, but it was not immediately embraced by the society as a whole. Japanese traditions were dominated by group values, and notions of personal freedom and individual rights were unfamiliar.
Today, democratic processes are clearly evident in the widespread participation of the Japanese people in social and political life and there is no universally accepted and stable value system. Values are constantly modified by strong infusions of Western ideas, both democratic and Marxist. School textbooks expound democratic principles, emphasizing equality over hierarchy and rationalism over tradition; but in practice these values are often misinterpreted and distorted, particularly by the youth who translate the individualistic and humanistic goals of democracy into egoistic and materialistic ones.
Most Japanese people have consciously rejected Confucianism, but vestiges of the old order remain, an important feature of relationships in many institutions such as political parties, large corporations, and university faculties is the oyabun-kobun or parent-child relation. A party leader, supervisor, or professor, in return for loyalty, protects those subordinate to him and takes general responsibility for their interests throughout their entire lives, an obligation that sometimes even extends to arranging marriages. The corresponding loyalty of the individual to his patron reinforces his allegiance to the group to which they both belong. A willingness to cooperate with other members of the group and to support without qualification the interests of the group in all its external relations is still a widely respected virtue. The oyabun-kobun creates ladders of mobility which an individual can ascend, rising as far as abilities permit, so long as he maintains successful personal ties with a superior in the vertical channel, the latter requirement usually taking precedence over a need for exceptional competence, as a consequence, there is little horizontal relationship between people even: within the same profession.
The author is mainly concerned with______.
A．explaining the influence of Confucianism on modern Japan
B．analyzing the reasons for Japan's postwar economic success
C．discussing some important determinants of Japanese values
D．describing managerial practices in Japanese industry
Rules for Unconventional Research
After years of observing and sometimes participating in the "fringe science" arena, I've come up with a set of rules which I try to follow.
Rule One: If I've made a discovery which violates the laws of conventional physics, then I've almost definitely made a mistake somewhere.
Seriously! Even though I'm involved with non-mainstream science, I intentionally maintain this "skeptic" belief for many reasons. If I let myself start "knowing" that I've found anomaly, I will stop, trying to double-check the results, trying to think up conventional explanations, trying to look for mistakes, looking for subtle ways I've fooled myself. I've seen how easy it is for people to talk themselves into things. I want to avoid these traps. Second, if I keep strongly suspecting an error, I will resist the temptation to let my ego get the better of me. I know the extent and the power of my ego, and that delusions of being great are very easy to fall into.
Rule Two: Publicise it and let others help me find my mistake. Avoid SECRECY, the destroyer of new science.
This rule is a natural consequence of rule one: If I intentionally maintain a conviction that there is a mistake somewhere, then wide publicity is the fastest way to get help in finding it. If instead I hide my discovery from all the greedy people who want to steal it, then I also subvert (搅乱) the whole process of idea-testing by fellow researchers. If my discovery is a mistake or delusion, others may help me discover this, but if I keep it secret, I may remain deluded for decades.
I've come to see that there is one big thing that ruins these fields of amateur research. That thing is SECRECY. Every time amateurs think they've stumbled across something important, they go silent and treat their discovery as a Big Important Secret which must be preserved at all costs from the many enemies who want to steal it. This is garbage! At the same time, it wrecks their discovery by burying it. True, there are often business reasons, but the majority of "weird science" discoveries are not kept secret for this reason. They are kept secret because of shameful human psychology, because of inventors' desire for attention, because of our need to control, and because of our need to be important, to gain fame and accolades, etc. I can say such things because I too have suffered from this kind of "inventor's disease". I solved the problem by posting my inventions on Internet! If a single inventor discovers something wonderful, but it does no good at all for mankind, and is not really a discovery at all, it is an ego trip. Only if an inventor discovers something wonderful and then STARTS SELLING PRODUCTS, or better yet, TELLS EVERYONE THE SECRET, does it make the world a better place.
Rule Three: Figure out what other o/u inventors did, and then do the opposite!
Inventors over and over have announced o/u discoveries, yet where are they now？ Secrecy is the biggest one. Another one is to assume that everyone wants to steal your valuable discovery. Another one is the attempt to sell the discovery to governments or giant corporations. Another is the loss of humility and pursuit of fame. Another is the assumption that scientists will automatically hall your discovery, and that businesses will compete for rights to manufacture it.
Therefore, in order to succeed, we must do some historical research, discover the guaranteed routes to failure, and then avoid them.
Rule Four: Keep a journal. If you notice something strange, WRITE IT DOWN.
Human minds are funny about anything which violates our expectations. Our minds want to maintain a coherent world, so we tend to forget things which don't fit. Amateur scientists should never stop fighting against this tendency in themselves. Avoid too much skepticism. Search for "weird" unex
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
？Reed the following article about personal selling.
？For each question 15- 20, mark one letter (A, B, C or. D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.
Personal Selling
Personal selling is a process of informing potential buyers about and persuading them to purchase a product. It is the most flexible of all promotional methods because it allows marketers to communicate specific information that might trigger a purchase. Of all the promotional activities, only personal selling can zero in on a prospect and attempt to persuade the prospect to make a purchase. Although personal selling has a lot of advantages, it is one of the most costly forms of promotion. A sales mil on an industrial customers in the U.S. can cost as much as $ 200or $ 300. Many products require personal selling in order for the company to achieve sales results. A company must employ effective salespeople to describe a product's advantages and benefits to compete with the sales forces of competing firms. Professional salespeople are professional communicators. They know their companies, their products, competitors, customers, and themselves. Many factors affect a marketer's selection of the type of salesperson to employ. The product's complexity, the type of market, and the general nature of distribution in a particular industry are all important considerations. Three distinct salespersons are order takers, creative salespersons, and support salespersons.
Order takers are salespeople who execute sales for customers who have already decided to buy the product from a particular organization. Their major role is to make sure that suppliers are adequate and there are no problems in the purchase. Inside order takers are located in sales offices and receive orders by mail or telephone. Outside order takers many engage in some important sales functions for the corn- party by encouraging customers to increase the size o[ their orders or reminding them to purchase certain products. In many firms, order takers generate the majority of sales.
Creative salespersons are involved in informing and persuading a prospect to buy a product. The creative salesperson tries to increase the firm's sales by finding new customers and encouraging old customers to purchase. A key role of the creative salesperson is to find new prospects and convert them into customers. Products such as automobiles, insurance, furniture, and appliances require the skill of creative salespeople to maintain sales levels.
Support salespersons facilitate and assist in the selling function but usually do not take orders. They are used in markets where educating the customer, building good will, and providing service are important for supporting the overall sales volume of the company. Technical salespersons, for example, are support salespersons who provide engineering and other types of technical assistance. They help with product application, specific system design, and provide technical information about how a product will function best under particular environments or situations. Technical salespersons are often used for computers, machinery and equipment, and steel and chemicals.
Prospecting. The first step in personal selling is to identify potential buyers of the product that is being sold. This can be done by examining directories or trade lists that identify people who use various types of products. The salesperson concentrates his or her efforts on prospects who have needs and wants, financial ability, and authority to purchase the product.
Approaching. The salesperson finds and analyzes information about prospects' needs and desires for products. The information helps the .salesperson approach the potential customer. There are different types of approaches. U
A．reliable
B．communicative and direct
C．believable
D．dissuasive
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