___________

Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled \"Cultures-National and International\".

In the essay you should

1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and

2) give your comment on the phenomenon.

You should write about 200 words neatlyon ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

An American girl in traditional Chinese costume (服装)

Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled \"Cultures-National and International\".

In the essay you should

1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and

2) give your comment on the phenomenon.

You should write about 200 words neatlyon ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

An American girl in traditional Chinese costume (服装)

Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort to their fellows. (1)_____, medical authorities ex press their (2)_____ about the effect of smoking (3)_____ the health not only (4)_____ those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, non smokers who must (5)_____ inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may (6)_____ more than the smokers themselves.

As you aye doubtless, (7)_____, a considerable number of our students have (8)_____ in effort to (9)_____ the university to ban smoking in the classroom. I believe they are (10)_____ right in their aim. (11)_____ I would hope that it is (12)_____ to achieve this by (13)_____ on the smokers to use good judgment and show concern (14)_____ others rather than regulation. Smoking is (15)_____ by law in theater and in halls used for (16)_____ films as well as in laboratories where there (17)_____ be a fire hazard. Elsewhere, it is up to your good sense.

I am (18)_____ asking you to maintain (19)_____ in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmokers health and well-being in (20)_____, which is very important to a large number of our students.

A．Still

B．More

C．Again

D．Further

What is the passage mainly about?

A．Dressing for effect.

B．How to dress appropriately.

C．Managerial positions and clothing.

D．Dressing for the occasion.

The author's purpose of writing this passage is to ______.

A．explain why people have emotions

B．show how people avoid the negative emotions

C．explain what people should do before emotions

D．define anti classify people's emotions

Who should pay for the expenses of the meetings and why?______

A．Council members should because they spend all the money

B．The company should because it will profit from them

C．Customers should because they reap the profit in the end

D．The organizers should because it is their responsibility

The phrase "impinge on" in Paragraph 1 most probably means______

A．promote

B．rely on

C．have an impact on

D．block

In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the world's rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly impinges on the universities' efforts to perform. their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward.

With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious hind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since WWII, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education.

While higher education has become a great "growth industry", it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita outlay for their students, one crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in rum, to a declining standard of competence in instruction.

Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions; organization and functioning to conform. to the demands of research rather than those of teaching.

According to the passage,—is the most important function of institutions of higher education.

A．creating new knowledge

B．providing solutions to social problems

C．making experts on sophisticated industries out of their students

D．preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge

The dot-com collapse may have been a disaster for Wall Street, but here in Silicon Valley, it was a blessing. It was the welcome end to an abnormal condition that very nearly destroyed the area in an overabundance of success. You see, the secret to the Valley's astounding multiple-decade boom is failure. Failure is what fuels and renews this place. Failure is the foundation for innovation.

The valley's business ecology depends on failure the same way the tree-covered hills around us depend on fire—it wipes out the old growth and creates space for new life. The valley has always been in danger of drowning in the unwelcome waste products of success—too many people, too expensive houses, too much traffic, too little office space and too much money chasing too few startups. Failure is the safety valve, the destructive renewing force that frees up people, ideas and capital and recombines them, creating new revolutions.

Consider how the Internet revolution came to be. After half a decade of start-up struggles, for example, hundreds of millions of Hollywood dollars were going up in smoke. It all seemed like a terrible waste, but no one noticed that the collapse left one very important byproduct, a community of laid-off C-H programmers who were now expert in multimedia design, and out on the street looking for the next big thing.

These media geeks were the pioneer of the dot-com revolution. They were the Web's business pioneers, applying their newfound media sensibilities to create one little company after another. Most of these start-ups failed, but even in failure they advanced the new medium of cyberspace. A few geeks, like Silicon Graphics founder Jim Clark, succeeded and utterly changed our lives. In 1994 Clark was unemployed after leaving the company be founded, doggedly trying to develop a new interactive-TV concept. He approached Marc Andreessen, the co-developer of Mosaic, the first widely used Internet browser, in hope of persuading Andreessen to help him design his new system. Instead, Andreessen opened Clark's eyes to the Web's potential. Clark promptly tossed his TV plans in the trash, and the two co-founded Netscape, the cornerstone of the consumer Web revolution.

Like the interactive-TV refugees and generations of innovators before them, the dot comers are already hatching new companies. Many are revisiting good ideas executed badly in the '90s, while others are striking out into entirely new spaces. This happy chaos is certain to mature into a new order likely to upset an establishment, as it delivers life-changing wonders to the rest of us. But this is just the start, for revolutions give birth to revolutions. So let's hope for more of Silicon Valley's successful failures.

What is implied in the first sentence?

A．The Silicon Valley blamed its failure on the success of Wall Street.

B．The Silicon Valley is also noted for its complex ecological web.

C．The Silicon Valley takes a vain pride in its overabundant successes.

D．The Silicon Valley would benefit from the collapse in certain ways.

What underlies the courts rulings seems to be that _____.

A．the courts have been bribed heavily by the rich employers.

B．the courts think that the disabled should not go to work.

C．the courts underestimate discrimination against the disabled.

D．the courts are too busy with other lawsuits to care enough.