题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A、Simple present tense一般现在时
B、Simple past tense一般过去时
C、Simple future tense 一般将来时
D、Present progressive tense现在进行时
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（由简答题聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答）
更多“Which option is the most appropriate TENSE in a thank-you letter when you describe the help given by…”相关的问题
A、“Are you Miss Jones?”
B、“I want to talk to Miss Jones.”
C、“May I please speak to Miss Jones?”
D、“ Let Miss Jones answer the phone.”
A、Don't mention it.
B、Welcome.
C、All right.
D、That's all.
Several weeks ago I was riding in a cab when the driver's eyes caught mine in the rear view mirror and he said, "Excuse me, Miss？ Can you help me？"
As any hard-bitten city dweller knows, the correct answer to a question like "Can you help me？" should always be some version of "It depends." I chirped, "Sure."
"Thank you," he said. He passed a slip of yellow paper into the back seat.
I stared at the paper, wondering. Was this a joke？ A threat？ Hand-printed on the paper in tiny block letters was this:
proverb
peculiar
idiomatic
"Please," he said. "What is the meaning of these words？"
I stared at the words in the distressed way you might stare at party guests whose faces you've seen somewhere before but whose names have escaped your mind. Proverb？ Peculiar？ Idiomatic？ How on earth should I know？ It's one thing to use a word, it's another to explain it. I resorted to shifting the topic.
"Where did you get these words？"
The driver explained that he was Pakistani. He listened to the radio as he drove and often jotted down unfamiliar, fascinating words whose meanings and spellings he then sought from his passengers.
"Peculiar," he said. "What does this mean？"
I could manage that one. "Strange," I said. "Odd. Often with a hint of something suspicious."
"Thank you, Miss. And idiomatic？"
I cleared my throat. "Um, it's a, well, um. It involves a peculiar use of the language."
I thought my use of peculiar was kind of clever. He looked confused, a reminder that clever's not clever if it doesn't communicate.
"Uh, let's see. 'Idiomatic' is related to the word 'idiom'. An idiom's something that's used in, say, a particular part of the country or by a particular group of people. People who aren't part of that group aren't likely to use it and might not understand it."
Watching his puzzled look, I did what a person often does when at a loss for the right words: I went on talking, as if a thousand vague words would add up to one accurate definition.
"Can you give me an example？"
I racked my brains. "Gapers block ," I said. A peculiarly Chicago phrase.
But did it really qualify as idiomatic？ I had no idea because the longer I thought about idioms the less sure I was what they were.
"And proverb？"
I should have told the poor man right then that I might be misleading him down the proverbial path, whatever that really means, but instead I said, "I think a proverb is kind of like an aphorism. But not quite."
"A what？"
"Never mind. A proverb is a condensed saying that teaches you a lesson."
"An example？"
The meter clicked off a full 20 cents while I searched madly through my mind. "Haste makes waste？" I finally whimpered.
But was that a proverb？ Wait. Weren't proverbs actually stories, not just phrases？ While I was convincing myself they were, he said, "Can an idiom be a proverb？"
I could answer that. Just not right now, now when it mattered, now when the fate of a curious, intelligent immigrant hung on the answers he assumed would fall from a native speaker's tongue as naturally as leaves from an October tree. So I retreated.
"Do most of your passengers give you answers when you ask for definitions？"
"Oh, yes, Miss. Very interesting definitions."
Until that moment, I'd been so inspired by the driver's determination to learn English, so enthralled by the chance to indulge my curiosity about words with another curious soul, that I didn't fully grasp the potential for linguistic fraud committed in this man's cab. Now I could barely allow myself to imagine what kind of deformed English he was being fed by cowards like me who couldn't simply say, "I don't really know my own language."
I can only trust that someone as curious as he is also owns a dictionary. And that he figures out that, no matter what his passengers may say, haste doesn't always make waste at the gapers block.
Well, as you are no doubt aware disease-spreading germs or pathogens are everywhere. On a daily basis the human body has to ward off attacks by various harmful bacteria and viruses. A healthy body has a good defence system against many of these germs but the defence only operates well against micro-organisms that it has already encountered, in which case it is said to be immune. There are two ways in which humans acquire natural immunity: actively, when a person has first suffered and then recovered from an illness, and passively, when ready-made protection is transferred into the body, for example, from the maternal blood via the umbilical cord to an unborn child, or through breast milk.
Now, artificially acquired immunity can help the body to fight disease so we can use active immunization as a preventative measure. This is when a person is vaccinated against an illness by injection or oral ingestion of a tiny amount of weakened or inactive germs—not enough to actually cause him or her to contract the illness but sufficient for the body's defence system to recognize and respond to the threat by forming antibodies.
Intervention using passive immunization, on the other hand, is a method of curing an illness after it is too late for prevention. It is less effective than active immunization and takes longer to work. It is used when the body has already been invaded by bacteria and the person is ill. In this case there is no time for the body to make antibodies of its own so proteins—usually taken from the blood of animals—are injected to equip the patient with the essential antibodies to combat the particular illness.
Let's have a quick look at a bit of history: The discovery of vaccination to boost the body's immune system by making it sensitive to particular disease-causing bacteria was made by an eighteenth-century English doctor called Edward Jeanne. He noticed that survivors of smallpox, a common but extremely dangerous disease, never contracted the disease a second time. In other words, they were immune. He studied a similar disease in cows called cowpox and realized that people in contact with the infected cows became ill with symptoms resembling smallpox. However, this disease was quite mild by comparison and those who contracted cowpox were then immune to smallpox. He conducted an experiment by injecting a child with a small amount of pus taken from a cowpox pustule. The child subsequently became ill but soon recovered. Later, he injected the child with pus from a smallpox pustule and the child did not get sick. He had developed immunity to the more dangerous disease. Then antibodies produced to fight the cowpox bacteria had been able to fight off the smallpox bacteria.
What are antibodies？ Well, antibodies are made by white blood cells called B-lymphocytes. And this is done in response to the presence of antigens, or other bacterial toxins, which have been released by the micro-organisms (what we commonly refer to as' germs' ) that have invaded the body. These Y-shaped antibodies (or you can think of them as ' antitoxins' ) may stop the toxins or repair the damage they have done by what is known as the antigen-antibody reaction which takes place within the plasma of the blood. A correct antibody (for that disease) clings to a particular antigen in order to render it harmless. Large numbers of these pairs clump together to form. a bigger unit. This is called agglutination and is able to be seen by the naked eye which is very helpful for doctors and other specialists to determine which illnesses a patient is immune to.
Inoculation, or active vaccination, can protect people from serious diseases. The vaccine may make a person feel unwell for a few days when the immune system starts to produce antibodies to match the introduced antigen. This is called a primary reaction. If that particular antigen should ever enter the body again later, a secondary reaction takes place. The body is then able to produce large numbers of corresponding antibodies within a short time so the invading antigens are quickly wiped out without the person suffering any harm from the disease.
Complete the summary below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Every day the human body is fighting off (31) by destructive pathogens. A person in good health has natural protection in the form. of an immune system which works best against familiar microorganisms which may have been encountered during a previous (32) or passed on by the mother before or after birth.
Vaccination is a way to cause (33) immunisation by introducing a small amount of pathogen into the body—just enough for the body's (34) to react by making antibodies. Passive immunization can be used as a way of treating someone who is already sick. Proteins from animal (35) are introduced into the patient to give him the necessary antibodies to fight the disease.
Dr. Edward Jennet observed that people who had suffered and recovered from a serious disease called smallpox did not get it again. He also noted that victims of a milder disease, cowpox, which they caught from (36) , were immune to smallpox. He carried out a successful (37) by deliberately giving a child cowpox in order to make him immune to smallpox.
(31)
I almost forgot ________ you the money.”
A、Borrows; lend
B、Borrowed; to lend
C、Borrowed; lending
D、lent; to lend
E、lent; lending
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