A、primary education
B、secondary education
C、further education
D、higher education
What is the passage mainly about?
A.Education in the U.S.
B.The school system in the U.S.
C.Summer holidays in the U.S.
D.Year-round schooling in the U.S.
What changed children's need for formal schooling?
A.There was a new dependence on communication with people far away and the use of money.
B.The alphabet and numerical system was introduced.
C.The old methods of farming now required the use of complex machines.
D.The global economy made mass electronic communication very common.
By citing the example of the automobile industry, the author intends to argue that
A.Japan’s auto industry is exceeding America’s auto industry.
B.the public schooling has stagnated because of competition.
C.the current American education system is better than the Japanese one.
D.competition must be introduced into the public education system.
What can be inferred from the third paragraph?
A.The Latino population in Arizona is made up of Hispanics and Mexican-Americans.
B.The first-generation Latinos are immigrants instead of being born in America.
C.70 percent of the first-generation Latinos had less schooling than nine years.
D.The educational system used to be in favor of the non-Hispanic Whites.
A.modernization results in wide-ranging structural changes in society
B.modernization leads to a change in individual psychology
C.modernization involves heavy urbanization and extensive schooling
D.modernization has side effects on less developed countries
Dr. Ernest Mannino spoke 【C3】______ about some of the common 【C4】______ parents have 【C5】______ the education of their children. Dr. Mannino 【C6】______ parents against making assumptions about their children's education. To make a(n) 【C7】______ choice, parents need to think through schooling issues and to research post schools in 【C8】______ of a move.
Children who are internationally 【C9】______ have many choices of schools to attend. In most major cities, there are schools 【C10】______ on the US, French, German, and British systems. Some parents also choose to become their children's teachers through 【C11】______ education. Which school is appropriate for your child is an 【C12】______ decision based on many factors.
One of the 【C13】______ factors that should be considered is what type of college or university your child will attend after high school. Some parents want a(n) 【C14】______ education instead of just an education within an American system school and 【C15】______ , they have the opportunity to go to these types of schools. But what parents must keep in mind is whether this school will best prepare your child 【C16】______ education beyond high school.
Parents may be tempted to 【C17】______ their children's school system in order to 【C18】______ cross-cultural understanding, but many experts suggest just the opposite. Mannino warns that differences in the order of curriculum exist in the high school grades; 【C19】______ your child from one academic system to another during this time can 【C20】______ a child academically. At the very least, the parent should learn what the differences in curriculum are and try to keep the child in one system for all of the high school years.
【C1】
A.staying
B.continuing
C.moving
D.convincing
【M1】
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
A problem more specific to schools themselves is pervasive student passivity—a lack of active participation in learning. This problem is commonly found in both public and private schools and all grade levels.
Many students do not perceive the opportunities provided by schooling as a privilege, but rather as a series of hurdles that are mechanically cleared in pursuit of credentials (文凭) that may open doors later in life. Students are bored and much of the pervasive passivity of American students is caused by the educational system.
During this century, expanding state and federal governments favored large regional schools as more efficient means of supervising educational curricula and ensuring uniformity. Schools today, therefore, reflect the high level of bureaucratic organization found throughout American society. Such rigid and impersonal organization can negatively affect administrators, teachers, and students, and this bureaucratic educational system fosters five serious problems.
First, bureaucratic uniformity ignores the cultural variation within count less local communities. It takes schools out of the local community and places them under the control of outside "specialists" who may have little under standing of the everyday lives of students.
Second, bureaucratic schools define success by numerical ratings of performance. School officials focus on attendance rates, dropout rates, and achievement scores. They overlook dimensions of schooling that are difficult to quantify, such as the creativity of students and energy and enthusiasm of teachers. Such bureaucratic school systems tend to define an adequate education in terms of the number of days per year that students are inside a school building rather than the school's contribution to students' personal development.
Third, bureaucratic schools have rigid expectations of all students. For example, fifteen-year-olds are expected to be in the tenth grade, eleven-grade students are expected to score at a certain level on a standardized verbal achievement test. The high school diploma thus rewards a student for going through the proper sequence of educational activities in the proper amount of time. Rarely are exceptionally bright and motivated students allowed to graduate early. Likewise, the system demands that students who have learned little in school graduate with their class.
Fourth, the school's bureaucratic division of labor requires specialized personnel. High-school students learn English from one teacher, receive guidance from another, and are coached in sports by others. No school official comes to know the "full" student as a complex human being. Students experience this division of labor as a continual shuffling among rigidly divided fifty-minute period throughout the school day.
Fifth, the highly bureaucratic school system gives students little responsibility for their own learning. Similarly, teachers have little latitude in what and how they teach their classes; they dare not accelerate learning for fear of disrupting "the system." Standardized policies dictating what is to be taught and how long the teaching should be taken render teachers as passive and un- imaginative as their students.
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of this passage?
A.Most American students today are lacking in readiness for active participation in learning.
B.The prevalent passivity of American students has much to do with the existing educational system.
C.The bureaucratic structure of American schools has negatively affected administrators, teachers, and students.
D.The solution to the problem of student passivity lies in humanizing schools.
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