10）The reference can include all the works the author has read.

A、tide

B、fashion

C、wave

D、style

I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate transitions and expressions of cause and effect. Pay careful attention to the punctuation given. （10%）（共10分，每题1分） Causes of Teenage Smoking A 13-year-old boy, standing in the doorway of his school, puffs on a cigarette. He holds it carelessly, like an adult, yet in plain view. He looks around to make sure that the other guys are watching. If you ask how long he has smoked, you will find out that he started when he was eleven. But now, he is an addicted smoker. If you ask him why he smokes, he will probably say that he enjoys it. ① you wonder if that is really the reason. It seems to me that the causes of teenage smoking are more complex. More specifically, they have more to do with the ambiguous role of teenagers in society. Teenage smoking is ② by personal insecurity, a desire to be like adults, and peer pressure. The ③ cause of teenage smoking is the personal insecurity young people often feel. They are at a different age. They are no longer children, ④__ the ways in which they have behaved in the past are inappropriate. On the other hand, they are not yet adults; ⑤ , they do not know the ways of the adult world. This conflict can ⑥ feelings of insecurity. ⑦ , if children want attention from their parents or a toy or sweet, they can cry to draw attention to their desires. For teenagers ⑧ , crying will be labeled childish and they will be told to “act their age.” Often, ⑨ , the teenager does not know how to act his or her age. ⑩ teenagers do not know what to do, they often turn to smoking as a way to hide their nervousness and insecurities.

II. Rearrange each of the following sentences, so as to make it a coherent paragraph. （10%）（共10分，每题2分） A. Of the effects caused by vitamin A deficiency, those involving eye diseases are the most pronounced and widespread. B. Another result of vitamin A deficiency is skin dryness. C. What children eat can affect their health. D. Several thousand children become blind each because of this dietary deficiency, which is most prevalent in poor, non- industrialized countries. E. Children who do not eat enough foods containing vitamin A can develop serious nutritional disorders.

III. Each sentence below has four underlined parts. Pick out the incorrect part and then correct it. (20%)（共20分，每题2分） 1. Unlike many other people, the America Indians had to discover A B C Agriculture for themselves.( ) D 2. When a spider catches an insect, it releases some poison into an A B insect with its fangs, the poison of most spiders is harmless to man. C D ( ) 3. We see lighting before we hear the thunder because sound travels A B more slowly than light is. ( ) C D 4. Winston Churchill, as the British Prime Minister, leads his country A B to victory during the Second Word War. ( ) C D 5. Bats are able to guide them by producing sound waves too high for A B C us to hear. ( ) D 6. No sooner had the hikers set out on their trip as it began to rain. A B C D ( ) 7. Doctor Godwin says that no matter how forceful arguments against A B smoking there are, many people persist in smoking.( ) C D 8. Since two or three hours, those technicians have been working on A B C D the computer. ( ) 9. The fire began in the fifth floor of the hotel, but it soon spread to A B C D the other floors. ( ) 10. Neither in his campaign nor his acceptance speech did Mr. Miles A B C acknowledge those whose assistance had won him the nomination. D ( )

A、感染性休克

B、慢性肾上腺皮质功能不全

C、肾病综合症

D、湿疹

A、骨髓的造血功能

B、正常的造血细胞功能

C、抗利尿激素对水排泄的控制

D、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺系统