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The year was 1930. The depression (经济萧条) had brought hard times.
As he walked through Harlem, Jacob noticed the people on the sidewalks. He looked hard at the churches, the funeral parlors and barbershops. Jacob stored those images in his mind, along with the images of paintings he saw in the museum.
Jacob came from a poor family. His mother believed there was little chance that her son could grow up to be a successful painter. She wanted him to aim for something more practical. But Jacob's teacher in an after-school art program saw that the youngster was talented. Alston showed him how to use poster paints and crayons (蜡笔) to make masks and stage sets.
As time passed, Alston let Jacob rent work space in his own studio. That was an exciting place for a young black man struggling to become an artist. Many creative people gathered there to talk about art and literature and history.
From these conversations, Jacob learned that history books often ignored the accomplishments of African Americans. He decided to paint a series of pictures dramatizing the story of a black hero. He chose Toussaint, a slave from the Caribbean island of Haiti, who had helped free his people from French ruling.
Many people admired Jacob's pictures, but he needed more than admiration. To help his family, he often had to work at jobs that took him away from painting. Then something encouraging happened. The government set up the Federal Art Project to help struggling artists survive the depression, and a sculptor (雕刻家) named Augusta got Jacob a job with the project. For eighteen months, Jacob was paid a salary to paint pictures. For the first time, he felt like a professional artist.
All of the following are TRUE about Jacob EXCEPT that ______.
A．he often visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art on foot when he was young
B．he grew up in poor circumstances
C．he took art classes in art programs
D．his mother loved him and supported him to become an artist
At present, many serious photographers
A．are struggling to establish photography as a fine art.
B．claim to be making works of art by witnessing events.
C．proclaim that their works have nothing to do with art.
D．agree that photography is as worthy an art as painting.
Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginary remedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal our natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death—the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these come, the real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.
What is the secret of this ineptitude？ Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results？ The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remolds aspiration, it is an imagin
A．it is unaware of ultimate goals
B．it is unimaginative
C．its findings are exact and final
D．it resembles society and art
A.encompassing
B.inducing
C.invading
D.poisonous
Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.
Religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as that of reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？
A．Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.
B．Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man's problems.
C．Science seeks a piece meal solution to man's questions.
D．The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.
•For each question 23-28．on the opposite page．choose the correct answer．
•Mark one letter(A，B，or C)on your Answer Sheet．
Never Quit!The Ups and Downs of Running a Family Business
picked up the book Never Quit!The Ups and Downs of Running a Fami|y Business thinking that I could read it between flights，hoping that in the pages of the book，I'd find some little piece of sales wisdom to restate at the upcoming sales manager's meeting that's where I was flying. And so I began reading in the terminal．
Even after the plane settled into its altitude，I couldn't put Never Quif!down．I continued to read，even forgetting to make a few notes in a margin．The notes were already made．The author has bullet list after bullet list of helpful pointers．But what absorbed me most was the story of running a family business．Gray offered personal glimpses of challenges as well as successes．and then held them both up as examples of opportunity for positive growth．
This is a business book，yes. However，it is a family business book．There are the real stories of real people．But the real art of this book is the encOuragement it provides to small business owners to define core principles and when those are challenged，to use those core beliefs to find another method to achieve the desired right results．And so，when a business owner meets with something they believe is beyond their control，they will redefine success or the ways they might getthere．They will neverquit．
The focus on customer service also came at a goodtime for me；this is a huge talking point at our company，which is struggling to maintain excellent customer service at a time when sales are(thankfully)outpacing customer service rep availability，and so customer interactions are being timed and evaluated．It's a challenge，but I found something in almost every chapter of Gray'sbook that boils customer service techniques down to something as simple as a customer-friendly greeting．It makes it seem do-able．
This book is going to be popular with family business owners everywhere．It is well-written，but more important．it is a good read．I've decided to buy a copy for everyone in our sales and service department,and to keep it in my briefcase to refer to again and again．
The reviewer decided to read the book because
A．one of his friends told him lhe book was excellent．
B．he was sure he would get some useful advice．
C．he thought he might collect some information for the meeting．
Those who want to attend lectures by “Art Makes Good Business” speakers must ______.
A．make a booking
B．pay additional fees
C．understand modem art
D．be successful manager
The author is concerned with ______.
A．defining the Modernist attitude toward art
B．explaining how photography emerged as a fine art
C．explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historical context
D．defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches
Those who want to attend lectures by Art Makes Good Business speakers must ______.
A．make a booking
B．pay additional fees
C．understand modern art
D．be successful managers
Which of the following is true according to the text？
A．People attached importance to modern Indian art long before the end of 1980s.
B．Rich Indians, particularly those living abroad, had a strong passion for modern Indian art for ages.
C．Prices at the 'emerging market of modern art had been climbing and then declining.
D．Rich Indians did not show interest in modern Indian art until the end of the 1990s.
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