题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.finance
B. logistics
C. real estate
D. securities
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Motorola, another maker of mobile phones, is in a similar boat. On October 15th, the company reported a return to profit in its most recent period after a run of losses, but lowered its forecasts for the rest of the year and for 2003．Demand in wireless, broadband and semiconductors continued to slow, said the company. Unimpressed, investors marked down Motorola's shares to a ten-year low.
The pattern of haves and have-nots is repeated in software too. While Microsoft was in chipper mood this week—revelling in a 26%crease in sales and a doubling of its profits after tax for the quarter to the end of September—Siebel Systems and PeopleSoft, two of America's leading suppliers of business software, were down in the dumps. While PeopleSoft managed a modest profit, Siebel reported a loss for the last quarter and said it expected the present quarter to be equally tough. Despite (or because of) their contrasting fortunes, Microsoft and Siebel announced a joint marketing deal on October 21st: Microsoft is to sell Siebel's customer management software through. NET, its web-services product.
Why are some companies doing better than others？ One reason is that, now more than ever, those that are competitive seem to be punishing those that are not. Nokia has stretched its lead over Ericsson which, in addition to lower sales of mobile phones, has suffered from the severe fall in demand for telecoms infrastructure, its biggest business. There was, however, some good news for Ericsson's shares on October 18th , when the company said that the infrastructure unit came close to breaking even in the most recent quarter.
Cost-cutting has also helped SAP, Europe's largest developer of business software, has reduced its expenses by 8%. As a result, its margins have improved a lot compared with those of its competitors. Microsoft has employed different tactics. It has capitalized on customers' fears that the cost of upgrading their software, such as the company's Windows XP operating system, could climb．Many have rushed to buy now in case prices rise. In tune with the times, Microsoft is also keen to demonstrate how its products can save its customers money. Understandably, this is winning its sales.
By saying "Motorola is in a similar boat", the author means
A．Motorola is another maker of mobile phones
B．Motorola is in a similar situation with that of Ericsson
C．Motorola is faced with similar rivals with those of Ericsson
D．Motorola is a partner of Ericsson
？Read the article below about levels of management.
？Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D.
？For each Question 21-30, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
The three basic levels of management are top, middle, and first-line management.
The fairly small number of executives who guide the fortunes of most companies are (21) managers. Common titles for top managers include President, Vice President, Treasurer, Chief (22) Officer (CEO), and Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Top managers are responsible to the board of directors and stockholders of the firm for its overall (23) and effectiveness. They set general policies, formulate strategies, oversee all significant decisions, and represent the company in its (24) other businesses and government.
Although they are below the ranks of the top executives, middle managers (25) positions of considerable autonomy and importance. Titles such as Plant Manager, Operations Manager, and Division Manager are typical of middle-management slots. (26) , middle managers are responsible for implementing the strategies, policies, and decisions made by top managers. For example, if top management decides to bring (27) a new product in 12 months or to cut costs by 5 percent, middle management will have to decide to increase the pace of new product development or to reduce the plant's work force. With companies increasingly seeking ways to cut (28) , howerer, the job of middle manager has lately become an unsteady one in many large companies.
At the bottom of the management hierarchy are first-line managers, who supervise the work of employees. First-line managers hold (29) such as Supervisor, Office Manager, and Foreman. First-line managers tend to spend most of their time working with and supervising the employees who (30) to them. Some have entered the firm without a college degree or have been promoted from within the company.
(21)
A．top
B．down
C．utmost
D．supervisor
？Read the article below about Ievels Of management．
？Choose the correct word to fill each gap from A，B，C or D．
？For each question(21-30)，mark one letter(A，B，C or D)on your Answer Sheet．
The three basic levels of management are top，middle，and first-line top．
The fairly small number of executives who guide the fortunes of most companies are (21) managers．Common titles for top managers include President，Vice President，Treasurer，Chief (22) Officer(CEO)，and Chief Financial Officer (CFO)．Top managers are responsible to the board of directors and stockhoIders of the firm for its overall (23) and effectiveness．They set general policies，formulate strategies，oversee all significant decisions，and represent the company in its (24) other businesses and government．
Although they are below the ranks of the top executives，middle managers (25) positions of considerable autonomy and importance．Titles such as P1ant Manager，Operations Manager，and Division Manager are typical of middle-management slots． (26) ，middle managers are responsible for implementing the strategies． policies，and decisions made by top managers．For example，if top management decides to bring (27) a new product in 12 months or to cut costs by 5 percent，middle management will have to decide to increase the pace of new product development or to reduce the plant'S work force．With companies increasingly seeking ways to cut (28) ，however，the job of middle manager has lately become an unsteady one in many large companies．
At the bottom of the management hierarchy are first-line managers，who supervise the work of employees．First-line managers hold (29) ．such as Supervisor，Office Manager，and Foreman．First-line managers tend to spend most of their time working with and supervising the employees who (30) to them．Some have entered the firm without a college degree or have been promoted from within the company．
(22)
A．top
B．down
C．utmost
D．supervisor
Speaking ahead of summit talks with US President George W. Bush here Tuesday, Howard also said that nations must not retreat in the "war on terror" in light of the July 7 attacks in London, which he is set to visit later in the week.
In a wide-ranging speech to the US Chamber of .Commerce, the prime minister said a free trade agreement between the United States and Australia that took effect on January 1 was solid proof of the nations' "special relationship".
But Howard also had a veiled message to trading powers such as the United States and European Union as liberalization negotiations at the World Trade Organization count down to a crunch ministerial gathering of the WTO in Hong Kong in December.
"It is beyond argument that the value to developing countries of' re moving the most pernicious of the trade barriers maintained by developed countries would do infinitely more to help those countries, than would in creases in overseas aid," he said.
Howard said he sympathized with Live 8 organizer Bob Geldof and debt-relief supporters "that the world does have a moral obligation".
"But it has to be a moral obligation that is delivered calmly and with the proper understanding that vie can do a lot more by addressing trade imperfections, and we have every right to insist that standards of governance are properly delivered," he said.
it was crucial that the WTO achieve a breakthrough in its "Doha round" of talks that will climax in December,
"Because if we don't, I think there'll be a significant collapse of confidence in the capacity of the world acting multilaterally to solve some of our most deep-seated problems," the Australian leader said.
As a leading light in the "Cairns group" of agricultural exporters, Australia has been in the vanguard of calls for trade liberalization, especially in farming produce.
That has contrasted with the apparent reluctance of the United States and the European Union to go dramatically farther in reducing their own generous subsidies to their farmers.
On John Howard's agenda ,______would be his next stop.
A．Doha
B．Hong Kong
C．London
D．Washington
2 Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateurs, and the people who just can't help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting.
3 The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.
4 The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of
shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager.
5 In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999,999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years' time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!
Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops？
A．There is a "shrinkage" in market values.
B．Many goods are not available.
C．Goods in many shops lack variety.
D．There are many cases of shop-lifting.
_______
[A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
听力原文： Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.
Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced," he often said.
Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment 'for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and that we all enjoy today.
Which of the following accounts for Andrew Carnegie's success？
A．His ability to sell the product and his policy of expanding business.
B．His reputation as the King of steel.
C．His founding of the steel industry in the United States.
D．His creation of a global distribution network.
Why does the author call the wealth of the riches "paper fortunes"？
A．Because their wealth is mainly generated from technology shares.
B．Because their wealth can be easily lost.
C．Because their wealth is greatly influenced by start-up companies.
D．Because their wealth is quickly devaluated with the up-to-down of house prices.
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