题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A、Facts
B、Examples
C、Reasons
D、All of them
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更多“Road traffic crashes are predictable and can be prevented. Many countries have shown sharp”相关的问题
Read and analyze the following short text and identify the four stages of the SPSE approach. (a) Since its inception, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has been an advocate for the American public – working to keep people, vehicles and roads safe. (b) Culture, technology and innovations both steer and detour us on our Road to Zero fatalities. (c) In 2015 alone, 35,092 lives were lost in motor vehicle crashes. (d) Crashes are no accident and each tragedy is preventable. (e) Americans deserve safer roads, and that starts with culture. (f) NHTSA is taking the initiative to create the future as opposed to just letting it happen. (g) In our view, the only acceptable goal for roadway fatalities is zero. (h) Our strategic plan, “The Road Ahead”, highlights three lanes that can deliver a future free from motor vehicle fatalities. SOURCE: Traveling the three lanes on the Road to Zero. Available at: https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/traveling-three-lanes-road-zero. (Accessed: 26 December 2016). Stages Sentences Situation 1. _____________ Problem 2._____________ Solutions 3._____________ Evaluation 4. _____________ 注意：请把句子的代码填入，代码间空一格 1. __________
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest ― curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
11. The passage mainly discusses __________.
A. a new way of highway speed control
B. a new pattern for painting highways
C. a new approach to training drivers
D. a new type of optical illusion
12. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that __________.
A. they should avoid speed-related hazards
B. they are driving in the wrong lane
C. they should slow down their speed
D. they are approaching the speed limit
13. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ___________.
A. can keep drivers awake
B. can cut road accidents in half
C. will have a longer effect on drivers
D. will look more attractive
14. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________.
A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B. change the road signs across the country
C. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons
D. repeat the Japanese road patterns
15. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads？
A. They are falling out of use in the United States
B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time
C. They are applicable only on broad roads
D. They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles
Motoring Technology
1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-- though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.
Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area2of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don't miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn't distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.
Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" high-sided vehicles blocking your view.
And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.
And alternatives to fossil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort,
But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don't want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.
Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analysed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone's personal chauffeur, but their latest efforts suggest that won't be soon.
What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate ？
A．They are developing faster electric vehicles.
B．They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year.
C．They focus their research on safety and new fuels.
D．They are designing fully automatic cars.
There are a number of different approaches to reducing injuries in which intoxication plays a role. Based on the observation that excessive consumption correlates with the total alcohol consumption of a country's population, it has been suggested that higher taxes on alcohol would reduce both. While the heaviest drinkers would be taxed the most, anyone who drinks at all would be penalized by this approach.
To make drinking and driving a criminal offense is an approach directed only at intoxicated drivers. In some states, the law empowers police to request breath tests of drivers cited for any traffic offense and elevated BAC can be the basis for arrest. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates, however, that even with increased attests, there are about 700 violations for every arrest. At this level there is little evidence that laws serve as deterrents to drinking while intoxicated. In Britain, motor vehicle fatalities fell 25 percent immediately following implementation of the Road Safety Act in 1967. As the British increasingly recognized that they could drink and not be stopped, the effectiveness declined, although in the ensuing three years the fatality rate seldom reached that observed in the seven years prior to the Act.
Whether penalties for driving with a high BAC or excessive taxation on consumption of alcoholic beverages will deter the excessive drinker responsible tot most fatalities is unclear. In fact, the answer depends on the extent to which those with high BAC involved in crashes are capable of controlling their intake in response to economic or penal threat. Therapeutic programs which range from individual and group counseling and psychotherapy to chemotherapy constitute another approach, but they have not diminished the proportion of accidents in which alcohol was a factor. In the few controlled trials that have been reported, there is little evidence that rehabilitation programs for those repeatedly arrested for drunken behavior. have reduced either the recidivism or crash rates. Thus far, there is no firm evidence that Alcohol Safety Action Project supported programs, in which rehabilitation measures are requested by tile court, have decreased recidivism or crash involvement for clients exposed to them, although knowledge and attitudes have improved. One thing is clear, however, unless we deal with automobile and highway safety and reduce accidents in which alcoholic intoxication plays a role, many will continue to die.
The author is mainly concerned with ______.
A．interpreting the results of surveys on traffic fatalities
B．reviewing the effectiveness of attempts to curb drunk driving
C．suggesting reasons for the prevalence of drunk driving in the United States
D．analyzing the causes of the large number of annual traffic fatalities
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： Believe it or not, optical illusions can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Now the American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan's success. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed- related hazards are the greatest--curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across the roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar. V shapes, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
(1)
A．Japan has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75% using an optical illusion.
B．The US has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75% using an optical illusion.
C．Japan has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 25% using an optical illusion.
D．The US has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 25% using an optical illusion.
A．There are more casualties caused by car accidents than by air crashes
B．Many factors contribute to road safety
C．The number of injuries and deaths caused by autos is increasing
D．The weak have no equal chance to enjoy the benefits of the automobile
A．Any road without traffic lights.
B．Any highway without crossroad.
C．It's a road where the drivers do not pay.
D．It's a highway not controlled by the government.
A．Highway crime.
B．Poor traffic control.
C．Confusing road signs.
D．Drivers' errors.
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