【填空题】Lesson 5 Cloze-2 Clearance Delivery （放行...

【填空题】Lesson 5 Cloze-2 Clearance Delivery (放行许可) congested airports ensure Runway weather departures issues route slot releases Clearance Delivery is the position that 1 route clearances to aircraft, typically before they commence taxiing. These contain details of the 2 that the aircraft is expected to fly after departure. Clearance Delivery or, at busy 3 , the Traffic Management Coordinator (TMC) will, if necessary, coordinate with the enroute center and national command center or flow control to obtain 4 for aircraft. Often, however, such releases are given automatically or are controlled by local agreements allowing "free-flow" 5 . When weather or extremely high demand for a certain airport or airspace becomes a factor, there may be ground "stops" (or "slot delays") or re-routes may be necessary to 6 the system does not get overloaded. The primary responsibility of Clearance Delivery is to ensure that the aircraft have the proper route and 7 time. This information is also coordinated with the enroute center and Ground Control in order to ensure that the aircraft reaches the 8 in time to meet the slot time provided by the command center. At some airports, Clearance Delivery also plans aircraft pushbacks and engine starts, in which case it is known as the Ground Movement Planner (GMP): this position is particularly important at heavily 9 airports to prevent taxiway and apron gridlock(). Flight Data (which is routinely combined with Clearance Delivery) is the position that is responsible for ensuring that both controllers and pilots have the most current information: pertinent 10 changes, outages, airport ground delays/ground stops, runway closures, etc. Flight Data may inform the pilots using a recorded continuous loop on a specific frequency known as the Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS).(267 words)