Explanation of Terms：Histogram matching

In terms of its tone and its form, the passage can best be characterized as

A．a critical analysis

B．a speculative study

C．a dispassionate presentation

D．an indignant denial

E．a dogmatic explanation

he detached narrator". Please give a brief explanations to the terms. You shall give each explanation an example which should be derived from the short story "Early Autumn".

The whole passage suggests that Philip Roth is ______.

A．unable to explain or come to terms with the contradictory elements of his father's nature.

B．able to assess his father's strengths generously while being conscious of his father's failings.

C．eager to accept Joanna's explanation of his father, and to conceal any flaws in the family's relationships.

D．resentful and bitter about his father's life-long antagonism to how he and his mother dealt with the world.

A、It requires that all the transaction data of an entity should be measured and entered in terms of money in the accounting records.

B、It requires that all expenses incurred in generating revenues during a period of time be deducted from the revenue earned.

C、It relates to the extent to which information can be omitted, misstated or grouped with other information without misleading the financial information users when they are making their economic decisions.

D、None of the above.

Read the beginning of a student essay and identify which of the four organizational patterns the student used in writing. Class, Mobility, and the Lai Family in Three Societies In “Social Mobility in Industrial Society”, Lipset and Bendix describe and explain mobility in social terms and go on to analyze the importance of mobility opportunities to the well-being and stability of a society. They see a balance in every society between the tendency of those who have wealth and power to keep these things for themselves and their relatives and the society's need for new talents, skills, and energy. When power and wealth are held too tightly by closed classes, the society becomes stagnant and those without wealth and power may become so disenchanted that they may pose a revolutionary threat to the social order. My family's experience and my own personal experience in three different societies show exactly the kinds of differences Lipset and Bendix describe, with precisely the political consequences they predict.The pattern used in the essay is most probably _____.

A、Exemplification.

B、Traditional comparison

C、Pattern of contradiction

D、Explanation of the experience.

in two forms: generalization and reduction. Most psychologists deal with generalization. They explain particular instances of behavior. as examples of general laws. For instance most psychologists would explain a pathologically strong fear of dogs as an example of classical conditioning. Presumably, the person was frightened earlier in life by a dog. An unpleasant stimulus was paired with the sight of the animal (perhaps the person was knocked down by an exuberant dog) and the subsequent sight of dogs evokes the earlier response--fear.

Most physiologists deal with reduction. Phenomena are explained in terms of simpler phenomena. For example, the movement of a muscle is explained in terms of changes in the membrane of muscle cells, entry of particular chemicals, and interactions between protein molecules within these cells. A molecular biologist would "explain" these events in terms of forces that bind various molecules together and cause various parts of these molecules to be attracted to one another.

Like other scientists, physiological psychologists believe that all natural phenomena--including human behavior---are subject to the laws of physics. Thus, the laws of behavior. can be reduced to descriptions of physiological processes.

How does one study the physiology of behavior？ Physiological psychologists cannot simply be reductionists. It is not enough to observe behaviors and correlate them with physiological events that occur at the same time. Identical behaviors, under different conditions, may occur for different reasons, and thus be initiated by different physiological mechanisms. This means that we must understand "psychologically" why a particular behavior. occurs before we can understand what physiological events made it occur.

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．The difference between "scientific" and "unscientific" explanations.

B．The difference between human and animal behavior.

C．How fear would be explained by the psychologist, physiologist, and molecular biologist.

D．How scientists differ in their approaches to explaining natural phenomena.

he striking qualities of the American character is the unwillingness to face either the fact or meaning of death. In the more somber tradition of American literature - from Hawthorne and Melville and Poe to Faulkner and Hemingway - one finds a tragic depth that belies the surface thinness of the ordinary American death attitudes. By an effort of the imagination, the great writers faced problems which the culture in action is reluctant to face - the fact of death, its mystery, and its place in the back-and- forth shuttling of the eternal recurrence. The unblinking confrontation of death in Greek times, the elaborate theological patterns woven around it in the Middle Ages, tile ritual celebration of it in the rich, peasant cultures of Latin and Slavic Europe and in primitive cultures; these are difficult to find in American life.

Whether through fear of the emotional depths, or because of a drying up of the sluices of religious intensity, the American avoids dwelling on death or even coming to terms with it; he finds it morbid and recoils from it, surrounding it with word avoidance (Americans never die; they "pass away" ) and various taboos of speech and practice.

In some of the primitive cultures, there is difficulty in understanding the causes of death; it seems puzzling and even unintelligible. Living in a scientific culture, Americans have a ready enough explanation of how it comes, yet they show little capacity to come to terms with the fact of death itself and with the grief that accompanies it. "We jubilate over birth and dance at weddings," writes Maragaret Mead, "but more and more hustle the dead off the scene without ceremony, without an opportunity for young and old to realize that death is as much a fact of life as is birth. ' And, one may add, even in its hurry and brevity, the last stage of an American's life - the last occasion of his relation to his society -is as standardized as the rest.

The American attitude toward death may be described as one of______.

A．indifference

B．respect

C．understanding

D．disgust