听力原文： Influenza, or the flu, attacks up to one billion p..

第1题

听力原文：Why should the msn go to the university health center？（22)A．He can get free physi

听力原文：Why should the msn go to the university health center？

(22)

A．He can get free physical examinations there.

B．He can get an influenza vaccination there.

C．He'll get a prescription for medication there.

D．He'll find information on nutrition there.

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第2题

听力原文：The World Health Organization warns between 25 and 35 percent of the world popula

听力原文： The World Health Organization warns between 25 and 35 percent of the world population could be affected by a human influenza pandemic, but the WHO says most people would survive. Health experts are meeting at the World Health Organization in Geneva to map out a plan of action to combat the possible spread of avian flu.

The World Health Organization Global Influenza Program Director Klaus Stohr says between two and seven million people would die from a mild pandemic and up to 28 million would be hospitalized. He adds everything has to be put into perspective.

The WHO calculation is based on the prospect of a mild influenza outbreak, such as those which occurred in 1957 and 1968. Those pandemics killed three million people. It acknowledges that deaths could skyrocket in the event of a severe influenza pandemic, such as the one that swept the world in 1918, killing more than 40 million people.

Health experts meet in Geneva to

A．draw a map of affected area.

B．make a plan for fighting against bird flu.

C．make a combat.

D．find ways to prevent human flu.

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第3题

听力原文： The current strain of bird flu concerning the world, showed up in Hong Kong eigh

t years ago. But avian influenza has a much longer history, including the strain that mutated into the deadly 1918 human flu pandemic. When birds catch the flu, it is usually a mild form. that barely ruffles their feathers. But every once in a while, a virulent flu hits them, like the strain spreading worldwide that scientists call H5N1. Virulent avian flu was first recognized in Italy in 1878 and is extremely contagious. among birds and rapidly fatal, with death rates approaching 100 percent.

When the birds catch the flu, it______.

A．will killed them at once

B．just can harm the feathers slightly

C．can be found immediately

D．soon spread to human bodies

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第4题

听力原文： Within the last few minutes the UN official responsible for bird flu has told us

he stands by his assessment that a pandemic could kill as many as 150 million people. But Dr. David Nabarro admitted that much depends on the type and the location of a flu outbreak. He says the UN is putting a strategy in place to deal with the threat of a pandemic.

The UN's new coordinator for avian and human influenza said he was almost certain there could be another major outbreak of influenza soon. He said the likelihood that the virus which has caused bird flu in Asia could mutate and jump to humans was high. Dr. Nabarro stressed he will be working hard to control bird flu through contact with farming communities and markets where birds are sold, and looking at the migration of wild birds. Dr. Nabarro said the number of deaths from any future influenza pandemic would depend on where it started, how quickly it was discovered, and the kind of response they got from governments.

According to the news, whether the bird flu will cause a great casualty depends on ______.

A．the season

B．the weather

C．the type and location of an outbreak

D．the kind of birds

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第5题

听力原文：W: Hello, Kevin. I haven't seen you for many days. What's the problem with you？M:

听力原文：W: Hello, Kevin. I haven't seen you for many days. What's the problem with you？

M: Actually I'm a little embarrassed about coming here. I feel fine right now. (23)But you know, every year around the holidays I would come down with something.

W: (24)So you're interested in prevention. What symptoms do you usually get？

M: You know, cough, fever, runny nose, my head and bones ache etc. I usually feel weak and it ends up ruining my holidays.

W: Sounds like a typical flu to me. (25)Influenza often strikes when people are overtired, stressed and not eating nutritious food. And also you increase your exposure to a virus when you're in big crowds where lots of people are coughing and sneezing.

M: (25)I certainly spend a lot of time in department stores around the holidays buying gifts for my family.

W: (25)Yes. And so you increase your exposure to viruses in the air just when your body's resistance is already low.

M: So what can I do to prevent from the flu？

W: Actually it's fairly simple. Get a lot of rest and eat well. That way your body will become stronger. And you'll be more able to fight off illness.

M: All these things make sense. But one more question. Am I bound to get sick anyway if there's an outbreak in the dorm？

W: I'd also suggest you get immunized. It prevents the three main types of influenza.

M: I'll do it right away. It will be nice to feel well during the holidays for once. Thank you so much, doctor.

W: That's all right.

(20)

A．He gets ill at the same time every year.

B．He doesn't get enough exercise.

C．He often has difficulty sleeping.

D．He's sick with influenza throughout the winter.

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第6题

听力原文： The death rate from influenza rose markedly in the 1990's, federal scientists re

ported. The explanation, they said, is that a greater proportion of the population is elderly and thus particularly susceptible to flu. There was an average of 36,000 flu deaths a year in the 1990's as compared to 20,000 a year in previous decades, the investigators, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Ninety percent of influenza deaths were in people 65 and older, said Dr. Keiji Fukuda, the principal researcher for the study. But Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over 85, who might be up to 32 times more likely than those 65 to 69 to die from a flu infection.

The researchers also concluded that there were large numbers of deaths among the elderly from another virus, respiratory syncytial virus, known as R. S. V. As many as 78 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older, the researchers concluded.

In an editorial accompanying the paper, Dr. David M. Morens of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said that many people who were particularly vulnerable to influenza did not get flu vaccines, the only method of preventing the disease. Many mistakenly believe that the vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give them the flu. Over the last few years, Dr. Fukuda said, just 65 percent to 67 percent of people 65 and older were immunized. Even when they do get the vaccine, he added, it is less effective in the elderly than it is in younger people. And there is no vaccine to protect against R. S. V. Dr; Morens was not optimistic about the immediate future. The best hope, he said, is for improved flu vaccines and a vaccine for R. S.V. But for now, he said, doctors must do a better job of persuading older people to be vaccinated.

How many flu deaths a year in the 1990's？

A．20,000

B．26,000

C．30,000

D．36,000

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第7题

听力原文： Professor Hello, class. I guess youve all heard about swine flu

these days. In fact, the World Health Organization says the swine flu outbreak is moving closer to becoming a pandemic. So, today Ill begin with the basics about swine influenza. Swine influenza (also swine flu) refers to influenza caused by any strain of the influenza virus endemic in pigs (swine). Strains endemic in swine are called swine influenza virus (SIV). Of the three genera of human flu, two are endemic also in swine: Influenzavirus A is common and Influenzavirus C is rare. Influenzavirus B has not been reported in swine. Within Influenzavirus A and Influenzavirus C, the strains endemic to swine and humans are largely distinct. Well, swine flu is common in swine and rare in humans. People who work with swine, especially people with intense exposures, are at risk of catching swine influenza if the swine carry a strain able to infect humans. However, these strains infrequently circulate between humans as SIV rarely mutates into a form. able to pass easily from human to human. In humans, the symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness in general, namely chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort. Diana Excuse me, Professor, may I ask a question？ Professor Yes, please, Diana. Diana As we know, the flu outbreak of this year started in Mexico. Then, why has it infected to humans？ Professor A very good question. Well, the 2009 flu outbreak in humans is due to a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 that derives in part from human influenza, avian influenza, and two separate strains of swine influenza. The origins of this new strain are unknown, and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) reports that it has not been isolated in swine. It passes with apparent ease from human to human, an ability attributed to an as-yet unidentified mutation. The strain in most cases causes only mild symptoms and the infected person makes a full recovery without requiring medical attention and without the use of antiviral medicines. Tom Then, Professor, how should we prevent it？ Professor Influenza spreads between humans through coughing or sneezing and people touching something with the virus on it and then touching their own nose or mouth. Swine flu cannot be spread by pork products, since the virus is not transmitted through food. The swine flu in humans is most contagious during the first five days of the illness although some people, most commonly children, can remain contagious for up to ten days. Diagnosis can be made by sending a specimen, collected during the first five days, to the CDC for analysis. Recommendations to prevent spread of the virus among humans include using standard infection control against influenza. This includes frequent washing of hands with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand sanitizers, especially after being out in public. Although the current trivalent influenza vaccine is unlikely to provide protection against the new 2009 H1N1 strain, vaccines against the new strain are being developed and could be ready as early as June 2009. Experts agree that hand-washing can help prevent viral infections, including ordinary influenza and the new swine flu virus. Influenza can spread in coughs or sneezes, but an increasing body of evidence shows little particles of virus can linger on tabletops, telephones and other surfaces and be transferred via the fingers to the mouth, nose or eyes. Alcohol-based gel or foam hand sanitizers work well to destroy viruses and bacteria. Anyone with flu-like symptoms such as a sudden fever, cough or muscle aches should stay away from work or public transportation and should see a doctor to be tested. Social distancing is another tactic. It means staying away from other people who might be infected and can include avoiding large gatherings, spreading out a little at work, or perhaps staying home and lying low if an infection is spreading in a community.Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in an epidemiology class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.

What is the lecture mainly about？

A．The definition of swine flu in Mexico.

B．The basic information about swine flu.

C．The infection of swine flu to humans.

D．The prevention of swine flu worldwid

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第8题

听力原文：W: Hi, Tom, I haven't seen you in a while. What seems to be the problem？ M: Actua

听力原文：W: Hi, Tom, I haven't seen you in a while. What seems to be the problem？

M: Actually I'm a little embarrassed about coming here, doctor. I feel fine fight now. But you know how much stuff is going around. Anyway every year around the holidays, like clockwork I come down with something.

W: So you're interested in prevention. What symptoms do you usually get？

M: You know, cough, fever, runny nose, my head and bones ache. Chills even. I'm usually miserable for a week and it ends up ruining my holidays.

W: Sounds like a typical flu to me. As you said, lots of people have it. Influenza often strikes when people are overtired, stressed out and not eating nutritious food. And also you increase your exposure to a virus when you're in big crowds where lots of people are coughing and sneezing.

M: I certainly spend a lot of time in department stores around the holidays buying gifts for people.

W: Yes. And so you increase your exposure to airborne viruses just when your body's resistance is already low from all of the running around you do. M: So what can I do to ward off the flu？

W: Actually it's fairly simple. Get a lot of rest, eat well. That way your immune system will be boosted. And you'll be more able to fight off illness.

M: All these things make sense. But one more question. Aren't I bound to get sick anyway if there's an outbreak in the dorm？

W: Oh, you didn't mention you lived in the dormitory. In that case, I'd also suggest you get immunized. The vaccine available prevents the three main types of influenza. Why don't you go to the university health center？ The shots are free there.

M: I'll do it right away. It will be nice to feel well during the holidays for once.

(23)

A．To find out if he has the flu.

B．To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet.

C．To find out how to prevent illness.

D．To find out the results of a blood test.

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第9题

听力原文：Narrator Now get ready to answer the questions. Professor Hello, class. I gue

ss youve all heard about swine flu these days. In fact, the World Health Organization says the swine flu outbreak is moving closer to becoming a pandemic. So, today Ill begin with the basics about swine influenza. Swine influenza(also swine flu)refers to influenza caused by any strain of the influenza virus endemic in pigs(swine). Strains endemic in swine are called swine influenza virus(SIV). Of the three genera of human flu, two are endemic also in swine: Influenzavirus A is common and Influenzavirus C is rare. Influenzavirus B has not been reported in swine. Within Influenzavirus A and Influenzavirus C, the strains endemic to swine and humans are largely distinct. Well, swine flu is common in swine and rare in humans. People who work with swine, especially people with intense exposures, are at risk of catching swine influenza if the swine carry a strain able to infect humans. However, these strains infrequently circulate between humans as SIV rarely mutates into a form. able to pass easily from human to human. In humans, the symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness in general, namely chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort. Diana Excuse me, Professor, may I ask a question？ Professor Yes, please, Diana. Diana As we know, the flu outbreak of this year started in Mexico. Then, why has it infected to humans？ Professor A very good question. Well, the 2009 flu outbreak in humans is due to a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 that derives in part from human influenza, avian influenza, and two separate strains of swine influenza. The origins of this new strain are unknown, and the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE)reports that it has not been isolated in swine. It passes with apparent ease from human to human, an ability attributed to an as-yet unidentified mutation. The strain in most cases causes only mild symptoms and the infected person makes a full recovery without requiring medical attention and without the use of antiviral medicines. Tom Then, Professor, how should we prevent it？ Professor Influenza spreads between humans through coughing or sneezing and people touching something with the virus on it and then touching their own nose or mouth. Swine flu cannot be spread by pork products, since the virus is not transmitted through food. The swine flu in humans is most contagious during the first five days of the illness although some people, most commonly children, can remain contagious for up to ten days. Diagnosis can be made by sending a specimen, collected during the first five days, to the CDC for analysis. Recommendations to prevent spread of the virus among humans include using standard infection control against influenza. This includes frequent washing of hands with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand sanitizers, especially after being out in public. Although the current trivalent influenza vaccine is unlikely to provide protection against the new 2009 H1N1 strain, vaccines against the new strain are being developed and could be ready as early as June 2009. Experts agree that hand-washing can help prevent viral infections, including ordinary influenza and the new swine flu virus. Influenza can spread in coughs or sneezes, but an increasing body of evidence shows little particles of virus can linger on tabletops, telephones and other surfaces and be transferred via the fingers to the mouth, nose or eyes. Alcohol-based gel or foam hand sanitizers work well to destroy viruses and bacteria. Anyone with flu-like symptoms such as a sudden fever, cough or muscle aches should stay away from work or public transportation and should see a doctor to be tested. Social distancing is another tactic. It means staying away from other people who might be infected and can include avoiding large gatherings, spreading out a little at work, or perhaps staying home and lying low if an infection is spreading in a community. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 11. What is the lecture mainly about？ 12. In the lecture, the professor describes three types of influenzavirus. Indicate whether each word or phrase describes the three types of influenzvirus. Tick the correct box for each type of influenzavirus. 13. According to the professor, who are the most likely to catch swine influenza？ 14. What are the symptoms of swine flu？ 15. What does the professor imply when he says this？ Professor Well, the 2009 flu outbreak in humans is due to a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 that derives in part from human influenza, avian influenza, and two separate strains of swine influenza. 16. What can be done to prevent swine flu？Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in an epidemiology class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.

What is the lecture mainly about？

A．The definition of swine flu in Mexico.

B．The basic information about swine flu.

C．The infection of swine flu to humans.

D．The prevention of swine flu worldwide.

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第10题

听力原文： Oslo This year's Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded in Oslo to the Bangladeshi b

听力原文： Oslo

This year's Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded in Oslo to the Bangladeshi banker Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank. Announcing the winner, the chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee said Muhammad Yunus had shown himself to be a leader who had managed to translate visions into practical action for the benefit of millions of people. Mr. Yunus is credited as the founder of the concept of "micro credit", which is the extension of small loans to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans.

Geneva

In the countries hardest hit by AIDS, economic growth has declined by half a percent every year between 1992 and 2004, a report released by ILO reveals. AIDS is killing the workforce. In 2005 three point four million people of working age died of the disease, and that figure is expected to be four and a half million in 2006. Usually the economies become sluggish, so there's no energy for initiatives that will create new jobs. The ILO report recognizes that greater availability of anti-retro viral drugs is having an effect but calls the progress towards universal access woefully delayed.

Wolfsburg

Volkswagen is taking measures to improve its profit margins by reducing production costs. Earlier this year, its chairman Bernd Pischetsreider introduced a major cost-cutting drive, which could ultimately lead to as many as 20,000 jobs being lost. So far, the company says, more than 13,000 employees have taken voluntary redundancy or agreed to retire early. Workers' representatives have suggested that they could make concessions, but only if the company promises to build important new models at its German plants, and offers guarantees of job security. People within the company say the talks are unlikely to result in a formal agreement.

London

Airlines and airports are expected to face some serious economic issues due to restrictions on carrying hand luggage. The bulk of airline profits come from business travelers flying in higher priced seats. Business flyers might be permanently barred from taking their laptops as hand luggage, and this could mean that the lucrative traffic would disappear. Airports face equally serious concerns. By one estimate, global airport sales of duty-free drink, perfume and so forth amounted to 27 billion dollars last year. Tougher airport security restrictions could undermine the economics of airlines, airports, and of luxury goods manufacturers, the likes of Gucci and Prada, who make healthy profits from airport sales.

Geneva

Dr. Margaret Chan is appointed Director-General of WHO by the World Health Assembly. Before being appointed Director-General, Dr. Chan was WHO Assistant Director-General for Communicable Diseases as well as Representative of the Director-General for Pandemic Influenza. Prior to joining WHO, she was Director of Health in Hong Kong. During her nine-year tenure as director, Dr. Chan confronted the first human outbreak of HSN1 avian influenza in 1997. She successfully defeated the spate of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong in 2003. She also launched new services to prevent disease and promote better health.

Questions:

6.Why Muhammad Yunus was award the Nobel Peace Prize this year？

7.According to the ILO report, which of the following is NOT true？

8.What's the goal of Volkswagen in its recent talks with the workers' repres-entatives？

9.Which of the following is the most possible consequence following the restrictions on carrying hand luggage？

10.Which of the following is NOT true about Dr. Magaret Chan？

(26)

A．Because he successfully brokered many peace talks in the world.

B．Because he established the largest bank in Bangladeshi.

C．Because he did a lot of translation for the Grameen Bank.

D．Because he helped entrepreneurs with the mode of "micro credit".

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听力原文： Influenza, or the flu, attacks up to one billion people annually. In the US, it