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提问人：网友zhshjun0825 发布时间：2022-01-07
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In 1959 the average American family paid $ 989 for a year' s supply of food. In 1972 the f

amily paid $ 1, 311. That was a price increase of nearly one third. Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone a-grees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible？

Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese mat are stored for sale. According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, the farmer' s share of the $ 1, 311 spent by the family in 1972 was $ 521. This was thirty-one percent more than the farmer had received in 1959. But farmers claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Fanners tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm products after the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the " middlemen" who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices？

Of the $ 1, 311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen received $ 790, which was thirty-three percent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemen' s profit has increased more than the farmer' s. But some e-conomists claim that the middlemen' s actual profit was very low. According to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one percent. During the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than five percent. By comparison with other members of the economic system, both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices.

Who then is actually responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she carries the food from the store？ The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. They say that food costs more now because women don't want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.

What is the main topic of this passage？

A．Food supply.

B．Profit earned by farmers, middlemen, and housewives.

C．Reasons for the food price increase.

D．Economists' attitudes.

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更多“In 1959 the average American family paid $ 989 for a year' s supply of food. In 1972 the f”相关的问题
第1题
What is the average yearly expense for a child in a middle-income American family？

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第2题
American culture has not been immune to cultural influences from outside. The idea of demo
cracy came from the ancient Greeks; the Industrial Revolution started in England; jazz and rock music preserve African rhythms—to pick a few examples. Indeed, many of the things we think of as "100 percent American" came from other cultures.

Still, most of the changes in American culture over the last century have come from within, as the result of inventions and discoveries. And change has been dramatic. One hundred years ago the United States was largely a nation of farmers. Many of the things we take for granted today—a high school education, for example, or indoor plumbing—were luxuries then. The moon was a light for lovers, not a site for scientific exploration; genetic engineering (基因工程) was not even a subject for science fiction, much less for laboratory research and corporate investments. The decades following the Second World War, in particular, were characterized by spectacular scientific and technological advances, national self-confidence, optimism, and (for many Americans) prosperity. The American economy was the strongest in the world: more goods were produced and sold, more people were working, and the standard of living was higher than ever before. Polls (民意调查) taken in the 1950s and 1960s show that the average American was preoccupied with the questions "will I make a good living？" "Will I be successful？" and "Will I raise successful, happy children？" Success was defined in terms of maintaining a stable family and "keeping up with the Jones". Most Americans believed that if they played by the rules—if they work hard and did what was expected, if they sacrificed their own needs to those of their family and their employer—they would be rewarded with an ever-increasing standard of living, a devoted spouse, and decent children. An expensive car, a suburban home, and children in college were tangible (可触知的) signs that hard work and self-sacrifice paid off.

Which statement is NOT true according to the passage？

A．There is no 100 percent American culture.

B．American culture has never be influenced by other cultures.

C．America borrowed the idea of democracy from the ancient Greeks.

D．Inventions and discoveries caused the changes within American culture.

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第3题
听力原文：The farm economy of the United States has changed a lot in the last seventy years
. In the 1930s, 25 percent of the nation's population lived on farms. Today less than one percent of Americans do.

Farm incomes have changed over the years too. For example, in 1933, people living and working on farms had much less money to spend than other Americans. At that time, farm families had about one-third the income of non-farmers after all necessary expenses had been paid. By the late 1970s, however, that difference had almost disappeared.

In 2004, farmers had their best year ever. The United States Department of Agriculture says the average farm family earned about 81, 000 dollars. That is more than the average American family, which earned about 60,000 dollars. Yet these numbers do not completely explain the situation for all farmers. Those who have small farms often take other jobs to earn extra income. And farm earnings for large farms grew faster than for mall ones.

The Department of Labor measures the pay of industrial workers differently. It measures the average hourly and weekly pay for industrial workers. This is because factory workers are generally paid by the hour unlike farmers who earn income from their farm businesses. Industrial workers are about 23 percent of the labor force. But that number has been decreasing. Most Americans have jobs that provide services. Professional, technical and other services employ about 76 percent of the labor force.

How many Americans were living on farms seventy years ago？

(33)

A．About 25 percent of the population.

B．Less than 23 percent of the population.

C．About 76 percent of the population.

D．Less than 1 percent of the population.

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第4题
听力原文：The farm economy of the United States has changed a lot in tile last seventy year

听力原文： The farm economy of the United States has changed a lot in tile last seventy years. In the 1930s, 25 percent of the nation's population lived on farms (32) . Today less than one percent of Americans do.

Farm incomes have changed over the years too. For example, in 1933, people living and working on farms had much less money to spend than other Americans. At that time, farm families had about one-third the income of non-farmers after all necessary expenses had been paid. By the late 1970s, however, that difference had almost disappeared (33) .

In 2004, farmers had their best year ever. The United States Department of Agriculture says the average farm family earned about 81,000 dollars. That is more than the average American family, which earned about 60,000 dollars. Yet these numbers do not completely explain the situation for all farmer.. Those who have small farms often take other jobs to earn extra income. And farm earnings for large farms grew faster than for small ones (34) .

The Department of Labor measures the pay of industrial workers differently. It measures the average hourly and weekly pay for industrial workers. This is because factory workers are generally paid by the hour unlike farmers who earn income from their farm businesses. Industrial workers are about 23 percent of the labor force. But that number has been decreasing (35) . Most Americans have jobs that provide services. Professional technical and other services employ about 76 percent of the labor force.

(33)

A．About 25 percent of the population.

B．Less than 23 percent of the population.

C．About 76 percent of the population.

D．Less than 1 percent of the population.

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第5题
American society was more democratic than British society, in that______.A．it paid less at

American society was more democratic than British society, in that______.

A．it paid less attention to class and wealth

B．it had more liberal parties

C．it welcomed socialism as well as capitalism

D．voters were never influenced by family traditions

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第6题
听力原文：Why can't the average farm family income explain the situation for all farmers？（3

听力原文：Why can't the average farm family income explain the situation for all farmers？

(35)

A．Because it is higher than the income of the average American family.

B．Because farmers have little money left after paying all necessary expenses.

C．Because the situation in small farms and large farms is quite different.

D．Because 2004 is the best year for farm families.

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第7题
Many americans formed their idea of afmily life in the nineteen-fifties. But that kind Ame
rican family has become increasingly less common in the last thirty years.// Beginning in the nineteen-fifties, a wave of social change swept through American life. Almost every American family was affected. Historians say the American family has change more rapidly in the last thirty years than in any other time period. // Social historians say the most far-reaching change in the family has resulted in changes in woment’s work. Amajority of married woment in the United States no longer stay home all day to cook, Clean and raise children. They now have paid jobs outside their homes. // Changes in the family also resulted form changes in marriage traditions. During nineteen-sixties, many young men and women began to live together without being legally married. Some had children. They were a family , but not in the traditional sense. // At the same time, more people ended their marriage if it was unhappy. The rate of divorce in the United States increased by more than three times in about twenty years.

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第8题
听力原文：（32)The "American dream" is an idea that grew from TV programs, books, and storie

听力原文： (32)The "American dream" is an idea that grew from TV programs, books, and stories about family life. The idea began in the 1950s, after, World War Ⅱ. What was the "dream"？

As the first step,(33)families bought or built a comfortable little home in the suburbs. This often meant a long commute to work. Many husbands road the train or drove two hours each day, but this was part of the dream.

The husband "wore the pants" in the family. He made the decisions because (34)he went to work, he paid the bills, and he "put" food on the table. of course, his wife actually cooked the meals!

The wife spent her time at home. She took care of the children and kept house. Occasionally she found time for a bobby.

According to the dream, everyone was happy with this arrangement. This was the image that people held of the "perfect family." (35)If the husband or wife felt bored or discontented, he or she hid these feelings.

(33)

A．Dreams about a comfortable little home.

B．Dreams about becoming an American citizen.

C．Dreams about family life.

D．Dreams about books and stories.

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第9题
The American FamilyIn the American family the husband and wife usually share important dec

The American Family

In the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision making. When the children are【51】 enough, they take part as well. Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness(宽容) of American parents. The old rule that "children should be seen and not heard" is rarely【52】, and children are often allowed to do【53】 they wish without strict control of their parents. The father seldom expects his children to listen to him【54】 question, and children are encouraged to be【55】 at an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom【56】 far. Others think that a strong father image would not【57】 the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to【58】 their parental families by the time they have【59】 their late teens or early twenties. Indeed, not to do so is often regarded as a【60】 , a kind of weak dependence.

This pattern of independence often results in serious【61】 for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live【62】 the age of 70. The job-retirement age is【63】 65. The children have left home, married, and【64】 their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes.【65】 the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.

(51)

A．senior

B．junior

C．old

D．young

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第10题
The American Family In the American family the husband and wife usually share important
decision making. When the children are_________(1) enough, they make part as well. Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness(宽容) of American parents. The old rule that “children should be seen and not heard” is rarely_________(2), and children are often allowed to do _________(3) they wish without strict control of their parents. The father seldom expects his children to listen to him_________(4) question, and children are encouraged to be_________(5) at an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom_________(6) far. Others think that a strong father image would not _________(7) the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to _________(8) their parental families by the time they have _________(9) their late teens or early twenties. Indeed, not to do so is often regarded as a _________(10), a kind of weak dependence. This pattern of independence often results in serious_________(11)for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live_________(12)the age of 70. The job-retirement age is_________(13)65. The children have left home, married, and _________(14) their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes. _________(15) the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.

A senior

B junior

C old

D young

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