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Section A
When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures.
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Employment in Japan
Recruiting season: who, when and where
Every autumn, when recruitment of new graduates and school leavers begins, major cities in Japan are flooded with students hunting for a job. Wearing suits for the first time, they run from one interview to another. The season is crucial for many students as their whole lives may be determined during this period.
Permanency in employment in Japan
In Japan, lifetime employment is commonly practiced by large companies. While people working in small companies and those working for subcontractors do not in general enjoy the advantages conferred (赐予) by the large companies, there is a general expectation that employees will in fact remain more or less permanently in the same job.
How new employees are used in a company
Unlike in many Western countries where companies employ people whose skills can be effective immediately, Japanese companies select applicants with potential who can be trained to become suitable employees. For this reason, recruiting employees is an important exercise for companies, as they invest a lot of time and money in training new staff. This is basically tree both for factory workers and for professionals. Professionals who have studied subjects which are of immediate use in the workplace, such as industrial engineers, are very often placed in factories and transferred from one section to another. By gaining experience in several different areas and by working in close contact with workers, the engineers are believed, in the long run, to become more effective members of the company. Workers too feel more involved by working with professionals and by being allowed to voice their opinions. Loyalty is believed to be cultivated in this type of egalitarian(平等主义的)working environment.
The salary structure
Because of this system of training employees to be all-rounders (全才), mobility between companies is low. Wages are set according to educational background or initial field of employment, ordinary graduates being employed in administration, engineers in engineering and design departments and so on. Beth promotions and wage increases tend to be tied to seniority, though some differences may arise later on as a result of ability and business performance. Wages are paid monthly, and the net sum, after the deduction of tax, is usually paid directly into a bank account. As well as salary, a bonus is usually paid twice a year. This is a custom that dates back to the time when employers gave special allowances so that employees could properly celebrate bon, a Buddhist festival held in mid-July in Tokyo, but on other dates in other regions. The festival is held to appease (安抚) the souls of ancestors. The second bonus is distributed at New Year. Recently, bonuses have also been offered as a way of allowing workers a share in the profits that their hard work has gained.
Women and Japanese companies
Many female graduates complain that they are not given equal training and equal opportunity in comparison to male graduates. Japanese companies generally believe that female employees will eventually leave to get married and have children.
It is also true that, as well as the still-existing belief among women themselves that nothing should stand in the way of child-rearing, the extended hours of work often do not allow women to continue their careers after marriage.
The recruitment strategy of foreign firms
Disappointed career-minded female graduates often opt to work for foreign firms. Since most male graduates prefer to join Japanese firms with their guaranteed security, foreign firms are often keen to employ female graduates as their potential tends to be greater than that of male applicants. Why men sometimes resign from Japanese companies Some men, however, do leave their compa
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
Section A
Directions: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文：When is your train going to leave？
(1)
A．At the station.
B．Yes, it is going to.
C．To the city.
D．Immediately.
听力原文： I grew up in a small town. My father raised chickens and ran a construction company. When I was 10 years old, my dad gave me the responsibility of feeding chickens and cleaning up the stable. He believed it was important to me to learn responsibility and moods from those jobs.
When I was 22, I found a job in New York at a country music club. I washed dishes and cooked from 5:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. and then went on stage and sang until2:00 in the morning. I soon became known as a singing cook. I had been refused so many times by record companies that it was easy to be discouraged.
One night, a woman executive from a company named Warner Brothers Records came to hear me sing. When the show was over, we sat down and talked. Several weeks later, my manager received a phone call--Warner Brothers wanted to sign me to a record deal. I released my first record in July, 1987. It was sold over 2 million copies.
My best efforts had gone into every job I ever held. It was the sense of responsibility that made me feel like a man. Knowing that I had done my best filled me with pride. I still feet that way today, even though I have become a well-known singer.
(33)
A．At the age of 10.
B．At tile age of 22.
C．When he was known as a singing cook.
D．After he found a job in New York.
Section B
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文：M：Will you be here at 10：00？
W：No，I'll be thirty minutes later．
Q：When will the woman arrive？
(6)
A．11:00.
B．10:30.
C．10:00.
D．10:13.
Section A
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A , B, C, and D.
We were all there when the accident______.
A．spread
B．broke
C．appeared
D．occurred
Section B
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文：M：Look at the time．It's ten to ten．
W：Yes，the train will leave in ten minutes．
Q：When will the train leave？
(6)
A．At 9:50.
B．At 10:00.
C．At 9:10.
D．At 10:10.
Section A
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A , B, C, and D.
Sam: Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer？Lili: No, it ______ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A．was raining
B．had been raining
C．would be raining
D．rained
Section B
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文：M: When does the plane arrive from Beijing？
W: At twelve o'clock. You have to wait for another ten minutes.
Q: When does the plane arrive？
(6)
A．11:00.
B．11:50.
C．12:00.
D．12:10.
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