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提问人：网友anonymity 发布时间：2022-01-06

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A diet which contains a lot of fat and something harmful may result in serious disease.

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第1题

Reading Comprehension（阅读理解) Passage 2 Increasi...

Reading Comprehension(阅读理解) Passage 2 Increasingly, people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives（添加剂）and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers. Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the battery（笼式的）farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating. Take sugar for example. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries. Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals — and no fiber. It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. 根据短文完成1-5题，在空格处填写正确选项的字母。 1. People have become more interested in natural foods because ______. A) they want a change of diet B) they want to eat food that is better for them C) they no longer like processed foods polluted by chemical additives D) they want to be fashionable

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第2题

PART CDirections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each on

PART C

Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： A balanced diet contains proteins, which are composed of complex amino acids. There are 20 types of amino acids, comprising about 16 percent of the body weight in a lean individual. A body needs all 20 to be healthy. Amino acids can be divided into two groups: essential and nonessential. There are nine essential amino acids. These are the proteins that the body cannot produce by itself, so a healthy individual must ingest them. The 11 nonessential amino acids, on the other hand, are produced by the body, so it is not necessary to ingest them. Proteins are described as being either high-quality or low-quality. This refers to how many of the nine essential amino acids the food contains. High-quality proteins, typically found in animal meats, are proteins which have ample amounts of the essential amino acids. Low-quality proteins are mainly plant proteins and usually lack one or more of the essential amino acids. Since people who follow a strict vegetarian diet are ingesting only low-quality proteins, they must make sure that their diets contain a variety of proteins, in order to insure that what is lacking in one food is available in another. The process of selecting a variety of the essential proteins is called protein complementation. Since an insufficient amount of protein in the diet can be crippling, and prolonged absence of proteins can cause death, it is imperative that a vegetarian diet contains an ample amount of the essential proteins.

What is the main topic of this talk？

A．Proteins.

B．Low-quality protins.

C．Poor dietary habits.

D．Healthy diets.

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第3题

What should a healthy diet contain?()

A.A healthy diet should contain all the essential nutrients.

B.We shouldn't eat too much fast food because it's rich in fat.

C.A lot of food safety issues have been exposed in the food industry.

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第4题

（非英语专业做）Increasingly over the past 10 years, People especially young people have bec

（非英语专业做）

Increasingly over the past 10 years, People especially young people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.

Natural foods, for example, include vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: There are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.

It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on "healthy eating".

People have become more interested in natural foods because______.

A．they like changing their diet from time to time

B．they want to eat food that is more delicious

C．much of the food they eat is no longer considered to be healthy

D．they want to be fashionable

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第5题

How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods？ Many nut

ritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply do not buy the argument that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understands the need for a healthy diet, I think he or she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster's yearly physical. It should contain at least 11 grams per 100 milliliters of blood for a girl and at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

The author recommends that young people______.

A．check blood hemoglobin yearly

B．be on a strictly vegetarian diet

C．lose weight

D．do some more studies on hemoglobin

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第6题

What will happen if one's diet does not contain enough proteins？A．He will die.B．His health

What will happen if one's diet does not contain enough proteins？

A．He will die.

B．His health will be seriously ruined.

C．He will be thin.

D．He will be used to enjoying vegetable.

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第7题

We get energy from the foods we eat. Our food supplies energy to keep our organs working. Our food also supplies heat to warm our bodies.The main energy foods are the carbohydrates (碳水化合物). These are sugars and starch (淀粉). Wheat and rice are rich in starch and many fruits and vegetables contain considerable amount of sugar. Sweets,honey and jam are also rich in sugar.Like carbohydrates,fats are food that provides us with energy. Butter,margarine,certain types of fish,eggs,cooking oils and most red meats are rich in fats. Fats can be stored in various parts of the body as reserves of energy. Because fats in general are slowly digested,they satisfy hunger for long periods.Proteins (蛋白质) are very complex substances. The body needs proteins for the growth of new cells and for the repair and replacement of old cells. Foods rich in proteins are essential to a balanced diet. Milk,some vegetables,meat,chicken,fish,cheese,grains and nuts are some foods rich in proteins.A good diet will contain a variety of foods so that the body contains all the minerals it needs for good health.Vitamins are necessary for the proper working of the body. If we eat a variety of foods,we can be sure of obtaining all the vitamins we need.Water makes up about 70 per cent of the weight of the human body. The average adult needs about two liters of water daily to replace the water the body loses.1.People can get all the minerals the body needs by（）.A、having a balanced dietB、drinking more milkC、eating fruits and vegetablesD、having more fish and eggs2.Of the following substances,which are not used as sources of energy by living things?（）A、StarchesB、VitaminsC、ProteinsD、Fats3.If equal weight of the following substances is “burned” in the body,the largest amount of energy is produced by（）.A、carbohydratesB、fatsC、vitaminsD、mineral salts4.Which of the following is not true?（）A、If a man weighs 150 pounds,105 pounds are water.B、Apple,butter and meat are rich in proteins.C、A well-balanced diet contains proteins,fats,minerals and vitamins.D、Biscuits,cakes and sweets may provide us with energy.5.A boy grows five centimeters a year. The new material in his body has been built mainly from food called（）.A、fatsB、vitaminsC、proteinsD、carbohydrates

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第8题

Increasingly, over the past ten years, people—especially young people—have become aware of

the need to change their eating habit, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.

Natural foods, for example, are vegetable, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil and are rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount— but not the quality—of foods grown in commercial fanning areas.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farm, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.

There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food ! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form. of calories. There are no vitamins in it ,no minerals ,and no fibre.

It is significant that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fibre has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modem experts in "healthy eating".

This passage is mainly concerned with______.

A．people's growing interest in natural foods

B．natural food and healthy diet

C．the importance of fibre in foods

D．harmful effects of sugar

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第9题

Nutritional statements that depend on observation or anecdote should be given serious cons

ideration, but consideration should also be given to the physical and psychological quirks of the observer. The significance attached to an experimental conclusion depends, in part, on the scientific credentials of the experimentalist; similarly, the significance of selected observations depends, again in part, on the preconceptions of the observer.

Regimes that are proposed by people who do not look as if they enjoyed their food, and who do not themselves have a well-fed air, may not be ideal for normal people. Graham Lusk, who combined expert knowledge with a normal appreciation of good food, describes how he and Chittenden, who advocated a low-protein diet, spent some weeks in Britain eating the rations of the 1914-1918 war and then got more ample rations on board ship. Lusk attributed his sense of well-being to the extra meat he was eating; Chittenden attributed it to the sea air.

When young animals are reared for sale as meat, the desirable amount of protein in their food is a simple matter of economics. Protein is expensive, so the amount given is increased up to the level at which the increased rate of growth is offset by the increased cost of the diet. As already mentioned, the efficiency with which protein is used to build the body diminishes as the percentage of protein in the diet increases. In practice, the best diets seem to contain between 15 and 25 per cent protein. It is not certain that maximum growth rate is desirable in children; some experiments with rats suggest that rapid growth is associated with a shorter ultimate expectation of life.

There are practical and ethical obstacles to human experiments in which the effect of protein can be measured. Children do not grow as fast as the young animals in which there is a commercial interest. Their need for protein is therefore presumably smaller, but there is no evidence that the desirable protein level, after weaning, is less than 15 per cent. An argument against this percentage of protein is that in human milk only 13 per cent of the solid material is protein. That protein is, however, of better quality than any protein likely to be given to infants that are not weaned on cow's milk.

Furthermore, milk, like other products of evolution, is a compromise. Mothers are not expendable. A species would not long survive if mothers depleted their own proteins so much in the course of feeding the first child that the prospects of later children were seriously jeopardized. Human milk is no doubt a good food, but the assumption that it is necessarily ideal is stretching belief in the beneficence and perfection of Nature too far.

When considering nutritional statements, apart from statements that depend on observation, we should also consider______.

A．the strange low-protein diet

B．the unusual character of the observer

C．the unexpected meals provided by the observer

D．the ample rations of the 1914 - 1918 war

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