Ecological responses to recent climate change

opulations to their environments, emphasizing the arrangements of technique, economy, and social organization through which culture mediates the experience of the natural world.

Diachronic Study — A diachronic study is one that includes an historical or evolutionary time dimension.

Ecosystem Approach/Model — This is an approach used by some ecological anthropologists that focuses on physical components. Moran (1990:3) claims that this view uses the physical environment as the basis around which evolving species and adaptive responses are examined. The ecosystem approach had played a central role within ecological anthropology.

Environmental Determinism — A deterministic approach assigns one factor as the dominant influence in explanations. Environmental determinism is based on the assumption that cultural and natural areas are coterminous, because culture represents an adaptation to the particular environment. Therefore, environmental factors determine human social and cultural behaviors.

The study that includes an historical or evolutionary time dimension is called

A．Cultural Ecology.

B．Diachronic Study.

C．Ecosystem Approach/Model.

D．Environmental Determinism.

生态平衡(ecological balance)

生态平衡(ecological equilibriuim)

The environmental balance among ecological communities is exceedingly complex.

A．almost

B．successfully

C．extremely

D．rarely

A、Roy Morrison的Ecological Democracy

B、Iring Fetscher的《论人类的生存环境》

C、Philip Clayton的What Is Ecological Civilization

D、Ecological Civilization（电子书出版物）