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The nature of work is changing. Recent technological advances, a shift from manufacturin
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听力原文:W: What kind of work would you like the most if you had the chance?
M: If I were going to change my life of work, I would probably make a dramatic change. I would not live in a city. I would move to the country, probably be more involved with nature and with animals.
Which of the following would the man choose to be?
A.A dramatist,
B.An actor,
C.A worker.
D.A farmer.
听力原文:W: Would you please describe the nature of your farm?
M: Sure, I mainly grow feed crops. Feed crops are crops that are used to feed cattle. The crops that I grow are corn and wheat. I do grow cotton and other when the prices for them are better.
W: How many employees do you have?
M: I have three full-time employees and six to seven part-time employees.
W: Do you pay them hourly or are they salaried?
M: I pay mem by me hour because sometimes they only work a few hours and other times they work many hours. Therefore, it wouldn't be fair for them to get a weekly or monthly salary year round.
W: How many hours do you work as the owner?
M: In the winter I work eight hours a day, but in the spring, summer, and fall I work twelve to fourteen hours a day. Many times a farmer' s work depends on the weather. For example, if the crop need water and it hasn't rained, I must irrigate my fields which can take many hours. At other times, I spend my time in checking my fields for pests. If I find them, I have to apply pesticides. If my machinery breaks down, I have to fix it. Of course, I must also make sure my crops get picked when they are ready.
W: If you were to start a new business this year, what changes would you make?
M: I wouldn't make many changes, and the few changes I would make would be subtle. Right now I am a successful farmer.
What crops does the farmer grow?
A.Cotton every year.
B.Corn and wheat.
C.Rice. .
D.Other things.
请将汉语原文与英语译文搭配起来,请从A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J之中选择一个填入每小题的空中。 () 挖空心思 A. rack one’s brains B. kick down the ladder C. pay the debt of nature D. work hand in glove with E. between Scylla and Charybdis F. latch on to the rich and powerful G. Many straws may bind an elephant. H. kill the goose that lays the gold eggs I. He that sows the wind will reap the whirlwind. J. There will always be trouble until the troublemaker is removed.
Bob Schmidt
295 Seneca Street,
Palm Springs, CA, 92262
July 11
Mr. James Palmer
285 North Palm Canyon Drive,
Palm Springs, CA, 92262
Dear Mr. James Palmer,
I am a tenant in your apartment at 295 Seneca Street. I am writing to you because I will need an extension on my August rent payment. As you know, my rent is always paid on the 1st of each month and no later than the 5th. Unfortunately, I will not be able to send the money on time and would like an extension to August 20.
Nature Publishing Group, where I used to work, was acquired by One Media Holdings last month. This company moved its corporate headquarters to Wilmington, Delaware. Although I lost my job, Nature Publishing Group' s employees here were promised severance pay but have yet to receive it. Company attorneys insist that payments will be made by August 18th.
I have leased this apartment from you for several years and have never been late with rent payment. As this apartment is comfortable and quiet, I have no desire to leave this place. My financial problems will be resolved, since I will start a new job at the beginning of September.
I would like to thank you in advance for your consideration.
Sincerely yours,
Bob Schmidt
Where does Mr. Bob Schmidt live?
A.In Palm Springs
B.In Wilmington
C.In Delaware
D.In North Palm Canyon Drive
So what creates job satisfaction? One typical answer is “I like to be challenged.” People who say this like to work toward goals. They like new challenging assignments so that they can test their skills and creativity. Another typical answer is “I like to feel I’m making a contribution.” Many people get a sense of community when they are working with a group of co-workers toward a common goal. It is very important for them to have close, friendly relationships with co- workers, and they thrive when others praise their work and appreciate their efforts.
Finally, there are those who say “I get satisfaction from a job well done.” Such people love the technical work they do; they feel proud of the results of their efforts. These people have high standards of quality and work best when they have control over a project. They thrive when others know about the work they have done. Ultimately, the main reason people work is to earn money, but it is not money that gives them satisfaction. Offer employees something more, and you are likely to get more from them.
1)What’s the best title for the reading?()
A . Reasons for Staying with the Current Job
B . Survey of the Working Situations
C . A Job Survey of Employees’ Thinking
D . How Employees Think about Their Job
2)What is the most important reason for people to keep their currentjob? ()
A . Flexible schedule and work-life balance.
B . The nature of the work and job satisfaction.
C . Work environment and corporate culture.
D . Advancement opportunity and personal growth.
3)Why is making more money not enough to make people leave a jobthey like? ()
A . They like their current work environment.
B . They are not sure whether the employer will be nicer.
C . They don’t think money is important.
D . They think they probably won’t get job satisfaction.
4)What are the most important factors to make people feel happyabout a job? ()
A . Meaningful but stress-free.
B . Flexible in life and work.
C . Challenging but feel contributed.
D . Technical and beneficial.
5)What’s the implication of this reading? ()
A . Money is ultimately what makes people work.
B . High salary cannot make people feel happy about their job.
C . Only when you contribute to the work can you earn more money.
D . Job satisfaction will eventually bring you job success.
Ruth: To work, in what sense?
Martin: To work in the sense of carrying responsibility; earning a living, supporting a family.
Ruth: Do you think their work in the home doesn't carry responsibility?
Martin: Yes, but they are free from the responsibility of actually going out to work.
Ruth: Is that a responsibility? ff you go out to work and sit and file papers all day, is that more responsible...
Martin: Yes, you are faced with the responsibility of the mortgage, the rent...
Ruth: But that is your own choice.
Marlin: Yes, it is easy to say that to people after they have been trapped, but freedom of choice just disappears after a while. Women get trapped by children, the house; men trapped by their jobs, the mortgage, the burden of it all. To say one lot is more privileged than the other lot is nonsense.
Ruth: At least you are given the freedom to choose which trap you are going to let yourself fall into.
Martin: All this is very nice theory but it ignores the basic fact that the woman is designed by nature to have and look after children.
Ruth: Well, I agree. I couldn't possibly dispute "have"(laugh) but I could dispute "look after".
Martin thinks that housewives take less responsibility because _________.
A.they do housework.
B.they look after the children at home.
C.they are less efficient than their husbands.
D.they don't have the burden of a working man
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness. In human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject if; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ______.
A.the slow development of the economy
B.the poor and jobless people's own faults
C.the lack of responsibility on the part of the society
D.the large number Of people who were not well-educated
A System of Guaranteed Subsistence Minimum
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. To- day, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the laws of nature or by those of society. The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated. In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist, in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let' s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude, which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
People used to think that poverty and unemployment, were due to ______.
A.the slow development of the economy
B.the fault of the poor and the jobless themselves
C.the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D.the large number of uneducated people
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