The Greek's lofty attitude toward scientific research——and the scientists' contempt of uti
The whole ancient world was built upon this relationship——a relationship as sterile as it was inhuman. The availability of slaves nullified the need for more efficient machinery. In many of the coxnmonplace fields of human endeavor, actual stagnation prevailed for thousands of years. Not all the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome could develop the windmill or contrive so simple an instrument as the wheelbarrow——products of the tenth and thirteenth centuries respectively.
For about twenty-five centuries, two-thirds of the power of the horse was lost because he wasn't shod, and much of the strength of the ox was wasted because his harness wasn't modified to fit his shoulders. For more than five thousand years, sailors were confined to rivers and coasts by a primitive steering mechanism which required remarkably little alteration (in the thirteenth century) to become a rudder.
With any ingenuity at all, the ancient plough could have been put on wheels and the ploughshare shaped to bite and turn the sod instead of merely scratching it——but the ingenuity wasn't forthcoming. And the villager of the Middle Ages, like the men who first had fire, had a smoke hole in the center of the straw and reed thatched roof of his' one-room dwelling (which he shared with his animals), while the medieval charcoal burner (like his Stone Age ancestor) made himself a hut of small branches.
Lack of technological progress in the ancient and medieval worlds was primarily due to the absence of ______.
A.natural resources
B.inventive ability
C.people's desire for the "better things of life"
D.proper social organization