until()
A.n.贡献
B.n.少女;女仆
C.n. 士兵,战士
D.prep & conj. 直到……为止
A.n.贡献
B.n.少女;女仆
C.n. 士兵,战士
D.prep & conj. 直到……为止
A.vt. 编辑, 校订, 剪辑 n. 编辑工作
B.v. 捐助, 捐献, 贡献, 投稿
C.vt. 分发, 分配, 散布, 分布, 分类, 分区 v. 分发
D.v. 捐赠, 赠予
When she was over fifty, the late nineteenth century mother______.
THE GREATEST RECENT SOCIAL CHANGES HAVE BEEN IN THE LIVES OF WOME
N. DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THERE HAS BEEN A REMARKABLE SHORTENING OF THE PROPORTION OF A WOMAN"S LIFE SPENT IN CARING FOR CHILDRE
N. A WOMAN MARRYING AT THE END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY WOULD PROBABLY HAVE BEEN IN HER MIDDLE TWENTIES, AND WOULD BE LIKELY TO HAVE SEVEN OR EIGHT CHILDREN, OF WHOM FOUR OR FIVE LIVED TILL THEY WERE FIVE YEARS OL
D. BY THE TIME THE YOUNGEST WAS FIFTEEN, THE MOTHER WOULD HAVE BEEN IN HER EARLY FIFTIES AND WOULD EXPECT TO LIVE A FURTHER TWENTY YEARS, DURING WHICH CUSTOM, OPPORTUNITY AND HEALTH MADE IT UNUSUAL FOR HER TO GET PAID WOR
K. TODAY WOMEN MARRY YOUNGER AND HAVE FEWER CHILDRE
N. USUALLY A WOMAN"S YOUNGEST CHILD WILL BE FIFTEEN WHEN SHE IS FORTY-FIVE AND CAN BE EXPECTED TO LIVE ANOTHER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AND IS LIKELY TO TAKE PAID WORK UNTIL RETIREMENT AT SIXTY. EVEN WHILE SHE HAS THE CARE OF CHILDREN, HER WORK IS LIGHTENED BY HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND CONVENIENCE FOODS. THIS IMPORTANT CHANGE IN WOMEN"S LIFE-PATTERN HAS ONLY RECENTLY BEGUN TO HAVE ITS FULL EFFECT ON WOMEN"S ECONOMIC POSITIO
N. EVEN A FEW YEARS AGO MOST GIRLS LEFT SCHOOL AT THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY, AND MOST OF THEM TOOK A FULL-TIME JO
B. HOWEVER, WHEN THEY MARRIED, THEY USUALLY LEFT WORK AT ONCE AND NEVER RETURN TO IT. TODAY THE SCHOOL-LEAVING AGE IS SIXTEEN, MANY GIRLS STAY AT SCHOOL AFTER THAT AGE, AND THOUGH WOMEN TEND TO MARRY YOUNGER, MORE MARRIED WOMEN STAY AT WORK AT LEAST UNTIL SHORTLY BEFORE THEIR FIRST CHILD IS BOR
N. VERY MANY MORE AFTERWARDS RETURN TO FULL OR PART-TIME WOR
K. SUCH CHANGES HAVE LED TO A NEW RELATION IN MARRIAGE, WITH THE HUSBAND ACCEPTING A GREATER SHARE OF THE DUTIES AND SATISFACTIONS OF FAMILY LIFE, AND WITH BOTH HUSBAND AND WIFE SHARING MORE EQUALLY IN PROVIDING THE MONEY, AND RUNNING THE HOME, ACCORDING TO THE ABILITIES AND INTERESTS OF EACH OF THE
M.
Many girls, the passage claims, are now likely to______.
THE GREATEST RECENT SOCIAL CHANGES HAVE BEEN IN THE LIVES OF WOME
N. DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THERE HAS BEEN A REMARKABLE SHORTENING OF THE PROPORTION OF A WOMAN"S LIFE SPENT IN CARING FOR CHILDRE
N. A WOMAN MARRYING AT THE END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY WOULD PROBABLY HAVE BEEN IN HER MIDDLE TWENTIES, AND WOULD BE LIKELY TO HAVE SEVEN OR EIGHT CHILDREN, OF WHOM FOUR OR FIVE LIVED TILL THEY WERE FIVE YEARS OL
D. BY THE TIME THE YOUNGEST WAS FIFTEEN, THE MOTHER WOULD HAVE BEEN IN HER EARLY FIFTIES AND WOULD EXPECT TO LIVE A FURTHER TWENTY YEARS, DURING WHICH CUSTOM, OPPORTUNITY AND HEALTH MADE IT UNUSUAL FOR HER TO GET PAID WOR
K. TODAY WOMEN MARRY YOUNGER AND HAVE FEWER CHILDRE
N. USUALLY A WOMAN"S YOUNGEST CHILD WILL BE FIFTEEN WHEN SHE IS FORTY-FIVE AND CAN BE EXPECTED TO LIVE ANOTHER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AND IS LIKELY TO TAKE PAID WORK UNTIL RETIREMENT AT SIXTY. EVEN WHILE SHE HAS THE CARE OF CHILDREN, HER WORK IS LIGHTENED BY HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND CONVENIENCE FOODS. THIS IMPORTANT CHANGE IN WOMEN"S LIFE-PATTERN HAS ONLY RECENTLY BEGUN TO HAVE ITS FULL EFFECT ON WOMEN"S ECONOMIC POSITIO
N. EVEN A FEW YEARS AGO MOST GIRLS LEFT SCHOOL AT THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY, AND MOST OF THEM TOOK A FULL-TIME JO
B. HOWEVER, WHEN THEY MARRIED, THEY USUALLY LEFT WORK AT ONCE AND NEVER RETURN TO IT. TODAY THE SCHOOL-LEAVING AGE IS SIXTEEN, MANY GIRLS STAY AT SCHOOL AFTER THAT AGE, AND THOUGH WOMEN TEND TO MARRY YOUNGER, MORE MARRIED WOMEN STAY AT WORK AT LEAST UNTIL SHORTLY BEFORE THEIR FIRST CHILD IS BOR
N. VERY MANY MORE AFTERWARDS RETURN TO FULL OR PART-TIME WOR
K. SUCH CHANGES HAVE LED TO A NEW RELATION IN MARRIAGE, WITH THE HUSBAND ACCEPTING A GREATER SHARE OF THE DUTIES AND SATISFACTIONS OF FAMILY LIFE, AND WITH BOTH HUSBAND AND WIFE SHARING MORE EQUALLY IN PROVIDING THE MONEY, AND RUNNING THE HOME, ACCORDING TO THE ABILITIES AND INTERESTS OF EACH OF THE
M.
One reason why the woman of today may take a job is that she______.
THE GREATEST RECENT SOCIAL CHANGES HAVE BEEN IN THE LIVES OF WOME
N. DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THERE HAS BEEN A REMARKABLE SHORTENING OF THE PROPORTION OF A WOMAN"S LIFE SPENT IN CARING FOR CHILDRE
N. A WOMAN MARRYING AT THE END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY WOULD PROBABLY HAVE BEEN IN HER MIDDLE TWENTIES, AND WOULD BE LIKELY TO HAVE SEVEN OR EIGHT CHILDREN, OF WHOM FOUR OR FIVE LIVED TILL THEY WERE FIVE YEARS OL
D. BY THE TIME THE YOUNGEST WAS FIFTEEN, THE MOTHER WOULD HAVE BEEN IN HER EARLY FIFTIES AND WOULD EXPECT TO LIVE A FURTHER TWENTY YEARS, DURING WHICH CUSTOM, OPPORTUNITY AND HEALTH MADE IT UNUSUAL FOR HER TO GET PAID WOR
K. TODAY WOMEN MARRY YOUNGER AND HAVE FEWER CHILDRE
N. USUALLY A WOMAN"S YOUNGEST CHILD WILL BE FIFTEEN WHEN SHE IS FORTY-FIVE AND CAN BE EXPECTED TO LIVE ANOTHER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AND IS LIKELY TO TAKE PAID WORK UNTIL RETIREMENT AT SIXTY. EVEN WHILE SHE HAS THE CARE OF CHILDREN, HER WORK IS LIGHTENED BY HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND CONVENIENCE FOODS. THIS IMPORTANT CHANGE IN WOMEN"S LIFE-PATTERN HAS ONLY RECENTLY BEGUN TO HAVE ITS FULL EFFECT ON WOMEN"S ECONOMIC POSITIO
N. EVEN A FEW YEARS AGO MOST GIRLS LEFT SCHOOL AT THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY, AND MOST OF THEM TOOK A FULL-TIME JO
B. HOWEVER, WHEN THEY MARRIED, THEY USUALLY LEFT WORK AT ONCE AND NEVER RETURN TO IT. TODAY THE SCHOOL-LEAVING AGE IS SIXTEEN, MANY GIRLS STAY AT SCHOOL AFTER THAT AGE, AND THOUGH WOMEN TEND TO MARRY YOUNGER, MORE MARRIED WOMEN STAY AT WORK AT LEAST UNTIL SHORTLY BEFORE THEIR FIRST CHILD IS BOR
N. VERY MANY MORE AFTERWARDS RETURN TO FULL OR PART-TIME WOR
K. SUCH CHANGES HAVE LED TO A NEW RELATION IN MARRIAGE, WITH THE HUSBAND ACCEPTING A GREATER SHARE OF THE DUTIES AND SATISFACTIONS OF FAMILY LIFE, AND WITH BOTH HUSBAND AND WIFE SHARING MORE EQUALLY IN PROVIDING THE MONEY, AND RUNNING THE HOME, ACCORDING TO THE ABILITIES AND INTERESTS OF EACH OF THE
M.
North Korea did not release its denouncement against the joint U. S. -South Korea maneuvers ______.
A.on Monday
B.on Tuesday
C.till Tuesday
D.by Monday
Pushbike Peril
Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure--or even kill--children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.
Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents." The task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures." she says.
By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees--but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen.
The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. "But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem." says Arbogast.
The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design A decision is expected later this year.
handlebar n(常用复数) (自行车等的) 车把
abdominal adj. 腹部的 redesign v. 重新设计
bioengineer n. 生物工程师 reconstruct vt. 重建; 重构
countermeasure n. 对策 abdomen n. 腹部
momentum n. 冲力 handgrip n. 握柄
damping adj. 制动的;减速的,缓冲的 commercialize vt. 使商品化
According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because
A.they are not noble enough
B.they may kill children
C.they are likely to crash
D.they make the bike move at a low speed
"We the people of the U. N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims."
The name "United Nations" is accredited to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Year's Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U. N. charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U. S. S. R. U., the U. K. and the U.S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U. N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day.
The essential functions of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a centre for co-ordinating the actions of nations on attaining these common ends.
No country takes precedence over another in the U.N. Each member's rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states.
Under its Charter, the first stated aim of the U.N. was ______.
A.to promote social progress
B.to prevent a third world war
C.to revise international laws
D.to maintain international peace
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