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提问人:网友tonywang806 发布时间:2022-01-07
[主观题]

What makes a leader? That's the question star headhunter Thomas J. Neff and James M.Citrin

try to answer in their recent book, "Lessons from the Top: The Search for America's Best Business Leaders".

The six principles shared by top business leaders and discussed in the book are: Living with integrity, developing a winning strategy or "big idea", building a great management team, inspiring employees to greatness, creating a flexible and responsible organization and using reinforcing management systems.

Citrin and Neff elaborated on the six principles in a recent Business Week interview. The most important one for business leaders is passion about what they are doing. "The leaders we interviewed for the book loved to talk about their jobs."

"Also, the high-level jobs today are so enormously demanding that successful executives must have a high energy level. They work an average of 65 hours per week. When the passion and drive ebb, that's when you know it's time for that person to move on," said Neff.

Top leaders are clear thinkers. They are focused, know where they are heading, and are able to communicate with a wide audience.

Today's successful leaders know more about the team approach than did their predecessors. "It wasn't too many fears ago that the dictatorial approach, the command-and-control management style, was accepted. Today, it's more about Working through people, being more of a leader and empowering other executives on the team to carry out the mission," said Neff.

Citrin and Neff are not pretending to be sociologists, but it is clear that the dynamics of the labor market have given more power to talented employees. People in an organization often have the exact same information at about the same time as a person at the top. So no more can one take for granted that information is power.

People often say it is difficult to create a good balance between work and family. Some feel you can be successful in work or with your family, but not both. But the reality seems to be that a strong family life and success on the home front actually contribute to professional success. Many of the CEOs interviewed by Citrin talk about the role their spouses play in their success. Of the 50 interviewed in the work, 42 are still married to their original spouse—a sharp contrast with the national divorce rate in the United States.

Which best describes the meaning of "headhunter" in line t, Para 1?

A.psychologist

B.expert on human resource management

C.successful business leader

D.person paid to recruit staff at a senior level

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更多“What makes a leader? That's the question star headhunter Thomas J. Neff and James M.Citrin”相关的问题
第1题
What makes a good leader?

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第2题
What makes Nater a leader in the industry?A.Their unique features.B.Their broad bandwidth.

What makes Nater a leader in the industry?

A.Their unique features.

B.Their broad bandwidth.

C.Their customer base.

D.Their Internet customization services.

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第3题
考虑两个具有相同常数平均和边际成本AC=MC=5的厂商,面临的市场需求曲线还是Q1+Q2=53-P
。现在利用斯塔克博格模型来分析如果两厂商之一在另一厂商之前先作产量决策将会发生什么情况。

(1)设厂商1是斯塔克博格领袖(即在厂商2之前作它的产量决策)。找出反应曲线,使得各厂商能够根据它的竞争者的产量,求出它自己应该生产多少。

(2)各厂商将生产多少,以及利润为多少?

This exercise is a continuation of Exercise 3. We return to two firms with the same constant average and marginal cost, AC=MC=5, facing the market demand curve Q1+Q2=53-P. Now we will use the Stackelberg model to analyze what will happen if one of the firms makes its output decision ahead of the other one.

a, Suppose Firm 1 is the Stackelberg leader (i. e. , makes its output decisions ahead of Firm2). Find the reaction curves that tell each firm how much to produce in terms of the output of its competitor

b. How much will each firm produce, and what will its profit be?

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第4题
The expression of emotions in speeches can be a critical element that makes people accept or reject a leader’s message.()
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第5题
A large part of effective leadership is dependent on something called "style". But style.
is difficult to teach, and what makes one leader great and another mediocre is not easily defined. Leadership always implies power, and a broad definition in this context is that leadership includes the power to influence thoughts and actions of others in such a way that they achieve higher satisfaction and/or performance. Over the past century, there have been three major approaches to understanding leadership.

Identifying leadership traits, or the physical and psychological characteristics of leaders, was the first formal approach, and had a lot of intuitive appeal. It owed its origins to the mm of the century (about 1904) when trait studies began. At this time most American leaders came from certain wealthy families, the vast majority were white males, and there were some social norms about what leaders looked like (tall, square jaw, well groomed, etc.). The original assumption that "leaders are born, not made" has been discredited, because there were too many exceptions to the traits to give them any credibility. Beginning after World War II, in sharp contrast to the trait approach, the behavioral approach looked at what a leader does, what behaviors leaders use that set them apart from others. This approach assumed that leadership could be learned. Virtually all of the studies focused on classifying behaviors according to whether they fell into a process or "people approach" (satisfying individual needs), or a "task approach" (getting the job done). The basis for this classification was in the discovery in social psychology that every group needs someone to fulfill both these roles in the group for it to be effective. The earliest of these studies began in Ohio State University and the University of Michigan in the late 1940s. Many of the early trait and behavioral writers tried to make their ideas applicable to all leadership situations. The earliest situational approach to leadership was developed in 1958. This approach strived to identify characteristics of the situation that allowed one leader to be effective where another was not. The trend later developed toward the third approach, understanding the unique characteristics of a situation and what kind of leadership style. best matches with these.

Which of the following questions does the author answer in Paragraph 1?

A.What is "style"?

B.Is power the most important aspect of leadership?

C.How many main historical approaches have there been to leadership?

D.Why is leadership so difficult to define?

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第6题
The expression of emotions in speeches can be a critical element that makes people accept or reject a leader’s message.()
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第7题
An effective leader has a quality that makes him/her easily noticed.

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第8题
Leadership is hardly a new area of research, of course. For years, academics have debated
whether leaders are born or made, whether a person who lacks charisma (capacity to inspire devotion and enthusiasm) can become a leader, and what makes leaders fail. Warren G. Bennis, possibly the world's foremost expert on leading, has, together with his co-author, written two bestsellers on the topic. Generally, researchers have found that you can't explain leadership by way of intelligence, birth order, family wealth or stability, level of education, race, or sex. From one leader to the next, there's enormous variance in every one of those factors.

The authors' research led to a new and telling discovery: that every leader, regardless of age, had undergone at least one intense, transformational experience -- what the authors call a "crucible" (severe test). These events can either make you or break you. For emerging leaders, they do more making than breaking, providing key lessons to help a person move ahead confidently.

If a crucible helps a person to become leader, there are four essential qualities that allow someone to remain one, according to the authors. They are: an "adaptive capacity" that lets people not only survive inevitable setbacks, heartbreaks, and difficulties but also learn from them; an ability to engage others through shared meaning or a common vision; a distinctive and compelling voice that communicates one's conviction and desire to do the right thing; and a sense of integrity that allows a leader to distinguish between good and evil.

That sounds obvious enough to be commonplace, until you look at some recent failures that show how valid these dictums (formal statements of opinion) are. The authors believe that former Coca Cola Co. Chairman M. Douglas Ivester lasted just 28 months because "his grasp of context was sorrowful". Among other things, Ivester degraded Coke's highest-ranking African-American even as the company was losing a $200 million class action brought by black employees. Procter & Gamble Co. ex-CEO Durk Jager lost his job because he failed to communicate the urgent need for the sweeping changes he was making.

It's striking, too, that the authors found their geezers (whose formative period, as the authors define them, was 1945 to 1954, and who were shaped by World Wm' Il) sharing what they believed to be a critical trait -- the sense of possibility and wonder more often associated with childhood. "Unlike those defeated by time and age, our geezers have remained much like our geeks (who came of age between 1991 and 2000, and grew up ' virtual' , ' visual' , and ' digital' ) -- open, willing to take risks, hungry for knowledge and experience, courageous, and eager to see what the new day brings", the authors write.

The passage indicates that leadership research ______.

A.has been a controversial study for years

B.predicts how a leader comes to be

C.defines the likelihood to be a leader

D.probes the mysteries of leadership

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第9题
Reading Comprehension (1)What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange and red?

Reading Comprehension (1)

What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange and red? If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader. Do you prefer gray and blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist (悲观主义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us. among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up — we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

Colors do influence our. moods — there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than any other bridge in the area — until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.

Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.

"You would rather follow than lead" means______ .

A.you don't like to follow others

B.you would be a member rather than a leader

C.you would be afraid of following others

D.you would like to be leader rather than a member

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第10题
听力原文:The subject of my lecture at this morning’s training session is: leadership. What
makes a leader? I think this question is very relevant for everyone here today since you are all senior, executives in your company and have leadership responsibilities to a larger or smaller degree.

Being a good leader in business is very much similar to being a good leader in public life or even in the army. Many of the qualities required are the same though, of course, a few qualities are quite special to leaders in business. First of all, however, a good leader in public life or in business mustn’t be frightened to make firm decisions. You must be able to arrive at quick decisions and act on them. It’s no good thinking too long about what to do nor is it much use, seeking else’s opinion. And it’s not very good to be cautious and careful about, everything. No good leader appears hesitant to his or her subordinates. Good leaders know exactly what to do they always give the impression of being absolutely convinced about the correctness of their decisions and their subsequent actions. There’s no doubt in their mind about what they should do and, as a result, people find it easy to believe in them and to follow them They know they are right.

So far what I have said will seem obvious. But what may not be so obvious is that some business leaders actually, create their own crises to give them an excuse or an opportunity, shall we say to control things. As a result they are able to act in a more authoritarian way and have direct control over a situation. Surprising as this may sound, it’s true. A crisis may not always be deliberately caused by any conscious decision or action, of course. Often good leaders are intuitively able to create such crises. Or possibly the crises arise since a good leader is invariably someone with strong opinions and firmly held beliefs.

Good leaders are not necessarily bad people in any way. Above all, they are reliable. And they are consistent in their actions. They don’t change their minds easily and they keep their promises and agreements.

As I’ve just implied, good leaders know precisely what they want to achieve. They have clear goals policies which they are determined to pursue at all costs. And also their messages are usually quite simple and clear, which everyone under them can understand and try to follow.

Above all, good leaders are always good communicators whether in business or in public life. As I’ve just said their message is generally simple. But even when it’s rather complex and hard for some people to understand, a good leader knows instinctively how to communicate it with great ease and clarity. He or she will appeal to people’s emotions just as much as to their intellects. Good leaders can persuade others to do what they want by winning people’s hearts and minds. Ambitious leaders in particular play on people’s emotions. Sometimes a sense of humor will help in communicating a message.

A lot of leaders lead by example. They are persuasive but they also provide examples and, in many cases, role models for colleagues and subordinates to follow.

Almost all leaders know how to delegate their authority. They are able to identify the kind of people to act for them and carry out their policies. If they are in business, these subordinates are trusted to deal with all the small, but important policy details and the day-to-day running of offices and factories. Letting subordinates deal with everyday matters enables the leader to be free to concentrate on issues that are important.

There’s also the question of luck. Great leaders are invariably very lucky or perhaps they make their own luck. For example, a good leader seems to be in the right place at the right time. Whenever there is a crisis, the leader is there, ready to act just when needed.

I’ll stop at this point but I’ll set you a good exercise to do. Think carefully about the qualities

A.hesitant

B.decisive

C.cautious

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第11题
Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by som

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Leadership is hardly a new area of research, of course. For years, academics have debated whether leaders are born or made, whether a person who lacks charisma(capacity to inspire devotion and enthusiasm) can become a leader, and what makes leaders fail. Warren G. Bennis, possibly the world's foremost expert on leading, has, together with his co-author, written two best-sellers on the topic. Generally, researchers have found that you can't explain leadership by way of intelligence, birth order, family wealth or stability, level of education, race, or sex. From one leader to the next, there's enormous variance in every one of those factors.

The authors' research led to a new and telling discovery: that every leader, regardless of age, had undergone at least one intense, transformational experience what the authors call a "crucible" (severe test). These events can either make you or break, you. For emerging leaders, they do more making than breaking, providing key lessons to help a person move ahead confidently.

If a crucible helps a person to become leader, there are four essential qualities that allow someone to remain one, according to the authors. They are: an "adaptive capacity" that lets people not only survive inevitable setbacks, heartbreaks, and difficulties but also learn from them; an ability to engage others through shared meaning or a common vision; a distinctive and compelling voice that communicates one's conviction and desire to do the right thing; and a sense of integrity that allows a leader to distinguish between good and evil.

That sounds obvious enough to be commonplace, until you look at some recent failures that show how valid these dictums (formal statements of opinion) are. The authors believe that former Coda Cola Co. Chairman M. Douglas Ivester lasted just 28 months because "his grasp of context was sorrowful." Among other things, Ivester degraded Coke's highest-ranking African-American even as the company was losing a $200 million class action brought by black employees. Procter & Gamble Co. ex-CEO Durk Jager lost his job because he failed to communicate the urgent need for the sweeping changes he was making.

It's striking, too, that the authors found their geezers(whose formative period, as the authors define them, was 1945 to 1954, and who were shaped by World War II) sharing what they believed to be a critical trait the sense of possibility and wonder more often associated with childhood. "Unlike those defeated by time and age, our geezers have remained much like our geeks (who came of age between 1991 and 2000, and grew up 'virtual, visual, and digital')—open, willing to take risks, hungry for knowledge and experience, courageous, and eager to see what the new day brings", the authors write.

The text indicates that leadership research ______.

A.has been a controversial study for years

B.predicts how a leader comes to be

C.defines the likelihood to be a leader

D.probes the mysteries of leadership

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